상식적인 국방

Ullman, Harlan,Getler, Warren,학회편집부 한국군사학회 1997 군사논단 Vol.11 No.1

Spatial and temporal variability of satellite-observed Subpolar Front in the East/Japan Sea

Park, K.A.,Ullman, D.S.,Kim, K.,Yul Chung, J.,Kim, K.R. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2007 Deep-sea research. Part I, Oceanographic research Vol.54 No.4

Spatial and temporal variability of the Subpolar Front (SPF) in the East/Japan Sea are examined based on semi-monthly sea-surface-temperature (SST) gradient maps constructed from declouded SST images over the period 1990-1995. Analyses demonstrate that the SPF experiences distinct seasonal fluctuations as well as strong year-to-year variations in terms of frontal strength, position, and zonal range. Elevated variability of the SPF is attributed mainly to mesoscale eddies at the frontal region. The main SPF is not zonal along 40<SUP>@</SUP>?N but trends from the southwest to the northeast during winter-spring, and from the northwest to the southeast in summer. During summer, the SPF west of 135<SUP>@</SUP>?E shifts significantly to the north, reaching 41.5<SUP>@</SUP>?N, which is associated with an enhancement of the East Korea Warm Current (EKWC). However, the surface SPF does not necessarily reflect its subsurface structure. Because of strong baroclinicity in summer, the internal SPF surface is inclined to the south with increasing depth. Northward movement of the western SPF is limited to 20m depth. Topography may give vorticity constraints on the migration of the SPF, but the maximum SPF is not always located around the shallow Yamato Rise (YR) in the central part of the East/Japan Sea. Relatively strong bathymetrically trapped fronts are confined to the northwestern edge of the YR, within a zonal range of 132.5-134.5<SUP>@</SUP>?E, where steep bathymetry stabilizes the fronts. Topographic steering of SST fronts is weak at the southeastern portion of the YR. The SPF in the EKWC region (<132<SUP>@</SUP>?E) is not significantly affected by the bathymetry. Spatial variability of atmospheric wind forcing produces a significant meridional shift of the SPF by generating the northwestern branch of the SPF in November. The strongest frontal zone, of magnitude 0.09<SUP>@</SUP>?C/km, near 138<SUP>@</SUP>?E shows the largest temporal variability in strength, but the smallest temporal variability in terms of meridional location. A temporal trend of the SPF properties is observed, suggesting that its western (eastern) location migrates to the south (north) reaching -(+)0.1<SUP>@</SUP>?/year with mean strengthening of 6.8x10<SUP>-4@</SUP>?C/kmyear during the study period.

Observation of diurnal variations in mesoscale eddy sea-surface currents using GOCI data

Park, Ji-Eun,Park, Kyung-Ae,Ullman, David S.,Cornillon, Peter C.,Park, Young-Je Taylor Francis 2016 Remote Sensing Letters Vol.7 No.12

Surface currents from hourly variations of suspended particulate matter from Geostationary Ocean Color Imager data

Park, Kyung-Ae,Lee, Min-Sun,Park, Ji-Eun,Ullman, David,Cornillon, Peter C.,Park, Young-Je TaylorFrancis 2018 International journal of remote sensing Vol.39 No.6

<P>Surface currents in Korean coastal regions were obtained using the maximum cross-correlation method applied to hourly suspended particulate matter images from the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager. Preliminary current vectors were filtered out by applying a series of quality-control procedures. The current vectors resulting from the tests were compared with the currents from a numerical model with tide and wind field. It was found that the estimated currents were more similarly to the currents caused by both tide and wind. A high degree of discrepancy was detected in regions of strong tidal currents, where the fundamental assumption of horizontal movement was limited due to the dominant vertical tidal mixing in the shallow region. The hourly rotations of the current vectors within a day were clarified by a comparison of the time-varying orientation angles of tidal ellipses. This study emphasized how to understand the short-term surface flows from hourly high-resolution geostationary satellite images.</P>

N-glycosylation status of β-haptoglobin in sera of patients with colon cancer, chronic inflammatory diseases and normal subjects

Park, Seung-Yeol,Yoon, Seon-Joo,Jeong, Yeon-Tae,Kim, Jin-Man,Kim, Ji-Yeon,Bernert, Bradford,Ullman, Thomas,Itzkowitz, Steven H.,Kim, Jung-Hoe,Hakomori, Sen-itiroh Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 International journal of cancer: Journal internati Vol.126 No.1

<P>N-glycosylation status of purified β-haptoglobin from sera of 17 patients, and from sera of 14 healthy volunteer subjects, was compared by blotting with various lectins and antibodies. Patients in this study were diagnosed as having colon cancer through histological examination of each tumor tissue by biopsy. Blotting index of serum β-haptoglobin with Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) was clearly higher for cancer patients than for healthy subjects. No such distinction was observed for blotting with three other lectins and two monoclonal antibodies. To determine tumor-associated reactivity of AAL binding as compared to inflammatory processes in colonic tissues, β-haptoglobin separated from sera of 5 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), and 4 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), was studied. All these cases, except one case of UC, showed AAL index lower than that in cancer cases, similarly to healthy subjects. The higher AAL binding of β-haptoglobin in colon cancer patients than in healthy subjects appeared to be due to α-L-fucosyl residue, since it was eliminated by bovine kidney α-fucosidase treatment. N-linked glycans of serum haptoglobin from colon cancer patients vs. healthy subjects were released by N-glycanase, fluorescence-labeled, and subjected to normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography (NP-HPLC). Glycan structures were determined based on glucose unit (GU) values and their changes upon sequential treatment with various exoglycosidases. Glycosyl sequences and their branching status of glycans from 14 cases of serum β-haptoglobin were characterized. The identified glycans were sialylated or nonsialylated, bi-antennary or tri-antennary structures, with or without terminal fucosylation.</P>

O-linked dimeric Lea (Lea-on-Lea) status of β-haptoglobin in sera of colon cancer and normal subjects

Seung-Yeol Park,Seon-Joo Yoon,Jin-Man Kim,Ji-Yeon Kim,Bradford Bernert,Thomas Ullman,Steven H. Itzkowitz,Jung-Hoe Kim,Sen-itiroh Hakomori 한국당과학회 2009 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.1

The glycosyl epitope dimeric Lea (Lea-on-Lea), defined by mouse monoclonal antibody NCC-ST-421, was identified previously as tumor-associated antigen, expressed highly in various human cancer tissues and cell lines derived therefrom, but with minimal expression in various normal tissues. In the present study, we observed clearly higher expression of this epitope, defined by ST421, in β-haptoglobin (β-Hap) from sera of patients with colorectal cancer, compared to normal, healthy subjects or patients with chronic inflammatory processes (Crohn\'s disease, ulcerative colitis). We focused, therefore, on biochemical characterization of glycosyl epitope status expressed in β-Hap. We concluded that the dimeric Lea epitope is carried by O-linked but not by N-linked structure, based on the following observations: (i) Strong reactivity of Colo205 supernatant with ST421 was reduced clearly by pre-incubation of cells with benzyl-α -GalNAc. (ii) Treatment of β-Hap with α-L-fucosidase reduced its reactivity with ST421, but did not affect its reactivity with anti-Hap antibody. In contrast, treatment of purified β-Hap with PNGase F, which releases N-linked glycans, had no effect on reactivity with ST421, but changed molecular mass from 40 kDa to 30 kDa.

Statin Exposure Is Not Associated with Reduced Prevalence of Colorectal Neoplasia in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Shailja C. Shah,Jason Glass,Gennaro Giustino,Joren R. ten Hove,Daniel Castaneda,Joana Torres,Akash Kumar,Jordan Elman,Thomas A. Ullman,Steven H. Itzkowitz 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2019 Gut and Liver Vol.13 No.1

Background/Aims: Statins have been postulated to lower the risk of colorectal neoplasia. No studies have examined any possible chemopreventive effect of statins in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) undergoing colorectal cancer (CRC) surveillance. This study examined the association of statin exposure with dysplasia and CRC in patients with IBD undergoing dysplasia surveillance colonoscopies. Methods: A cohort of patients with IBD undergoing colonoscopic surveillance for dysplasia and CRC at a single academic medical center were studied. The inclusion criteria were IBD involving the colon for ≥8 years (or any colitis duration if associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis [PSC]) and at least two colonoscopic surveillance exams. The exclusion criteria were CRC or high-grade dysplasia (HGD) prior to or at enrollment, prior colectomy, or limited (<30%) colonic disease. The primary outcome was the frequency of dysplasia and/or CRC in statin-exposed versus nonexposed patients. Results: A total of 642 patients met the inclusion criteria (57 statin-exposed and 585 nonexposed). The statinexposed group had a longer IBD duration, longer follow-up period, and more colonoscopies but lower inflammatory scores, less frequent PSC and less use of thiopurines and biologics. There were no differences in low-grade dysplasia, HGD, or CRC development during the follow-up period between the statin-exposed and nonexposed groups (21.1%, 5.3%, 1.8% vs 19.2%, 2.9%, 2.9%, respectively). Propensity score analysis did not alter the overall findings. Conclusions: In IBD patients undergoing surveillance colonoscopies, statin use was not associated with reduced dysplasia or CRC rates. The role of statins as chemopreventive agents in IBD remains controversial.