Ternary Nanocomposite for Solar Light Photocatalyic Degradation of Methyl Orange

Kumar, Akash,Billa, Sanjeev,Chaudhary, Swati,Kiran Kumar, A.B.V.,Ramana, Ch.V.V.,Kim, D. Elsevier 2018 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS Vol.97 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In the present work, we reported the preparation of ZnO/PANI/RGO ternary nanocomposite by physical blending method and its photocatalytic efficiency of degradation of methyl orange under solar light. The samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Optical band gap was calculated using Tauc plot for ZnO, PANI and RGO. The photocatalytic studies were evaluated using Methyl Orange with a degradation rate of 99% in 50 min. It is observed that photocatalytic efficiency enhanced by PANI (wt%). The PANI has the ability to create more charge carriers and delay the recombination process. The kinetic studies fitted to pseudo first order reaction. The nanocomposite acts as a promising photocatalyst for the removal of organic pollutants from water.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Preparation of ZnO/PANI/RGO ternary nanocomposite by physical blending method. </LI> <LI> Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under solar light. </LI> <LI> The kinetic studies fitted to pseudo-first order reaction. </LI> <LI> Methyl Orange degradation rate is 99% in 50 minutes. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Photocatalytic Mechanism of ZnO/PANI/RGO nanocomposite.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Biological activities of Cuminum cyminum seed oil and its major components against Callosobruchus chinensis and Sitophilus oryzae

Akash Kedia,Prashant Kumar Mishra,Abhishek Kumar Dwivedy,Nawal Kishore Dubey,Bhanu Prakash 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.3

The study reports the fumigant, repellent, oviposition deterrent, ovicidal, larvicidal and pupaecidal activities of Cuminum cyminum seed essential oil and its 4 main components (cymene, γ-terpinene, cuminaldehyde and (−)- β-pinene) against Callosobruchus chinensis and Sitophilus oryzae. The essential oil, γ-terpinene and (−)-β-pinene showed pronounced activity in all parameters against both the insects. However, the susceptibility of C. chinensis wasmuch higher than S. oryzae. Cymene and cuminaldehyde showed poormortality to insects but causedmoderate repellency and oviposition deterrency at 100 μl/L air. The essential oil when tested for practical application in protection of food commodities from insect infestation in storage containers, exhibited 100% and 97% feeding deterrent index at 100 μl/L air concentration against C. chinensis and S. oryzae damage respectively without affecting viability of chickpea and wheat. C. cyminum seed essential oil may thus be recommended as eco-friendly and biorational alternatives of synthetic pesticides for management of insect infestation of food commodities.

Hybrid porous thin films: Opportunities and challenges for sensing applications

Kumar, Pawan,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Vellingiri, Kowsalya,Samaddar, Pallabi,Kumar, Parveen,Deep, Akash,Kumar, Naresh Elsevier 2018 Biosensors & bioelectronics Vol.104 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, the scientific progress in the field of thin film materials and their associated sensing technologies are described comprehensively to address the directions for future research and developments as per the need of modern-day technologies. To begin with, we briefly discussed the fundamental synthesis approaches for advanced thin films with an emphasis on the properties necessary for controlled fabrication (e.g., the elemental ratio and spatial arrangement). Subsequently, we explored the control, characterization, and optimization of hybrid porous thin films with respect to diverse sensing applications. The application of hybrid porous thin film materials has also been discussed in relation to the mechanisms used for biological, optical, electrical, acoustic, and other advanced sensing techniques (e.g., surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)). Finally, conclusions are drawn to highlight the current status of thin film-based sensing technology along with its opportunities and challenges.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fundamental synthesis approaches of advanced thin films. </LI> <LI> Here optimization of hybrid porous thin films for advanced sensing techniques is reviewed. </LI> <LI> Current status, opportunities, and challenges are discussed. </LI> </UL> </P>

Effect of Functional Status on the Quality of Bowel Preparation in Elderly Patients Undergoing Screening and Surveillance Colonoscopy

Akash Kumar,Lisa Lin,Oren Bernheim,Emilia Bagiella,Lina Jandorf,Steven H. Itzkowitz,Brijen J. Shah 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.4

Background/Aims: Optimal bowel preparation is essential for successful screening or for surveillance colonoscopy (SC). Inadequate bowel preparation is associated with older age, the male gender, and the presence of certain comorbidities. However, the association between patients’ functional status and bowel preparation quality has not been studied. We prospectively examined the relationship between functional status, namely, the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) and ambulate, and the quality of bowel preparation in elderly patients undergoing SC. Methods: Before undergoing SC, 88 elderly patients were surveyed regarding their functional status, specifically regarding their ability to perform ADLs and ambulate a quarter of a mile. Gastroenterologists then determined the quality of the bowel preparation, which was classified as either adequate or inadequate. Then, the frequency of inadequate bowel preparation in patients who did or did not experience difficulty performing ADLs and ambulating was calculated. Results: Difficulty ambulating (unadjusted odds ratio [OR], 4.83; p<0.001), difficulty performing ADLs (OR, 2.93; p=0.001), and history of diabetes (OR, 2.88; p=0.007) were significant univariate predictors of inadequate bowel preparation. After adjusting for the above variables, only difficulty ambulating (adjusted OR, 5.78; p=0.004) was an independent predictor of inadequate bowel preparation. Conclusions: Difficulty with ambulation is a strong predictor of inadequate bowel preparation in elderly patients undergoing SC.

The role of artificial neural network and machine learning in utilizing spatial information

Akash Goel,Amit Kumar Goel,Adesh Kumar 대한공간정보학회 2023 Spatial Information Research Vol.31 No.3

In this age of the fourth industrial revolution 4.0, the digital world has a plethora of data, including the internet of things, mobile, cybersecurity, social media, forecasts, health data, and so on. The expertise of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) is required to soundly evaluate the data and develop related smart and automated applications, These fields use a variety of machine learning techniques including supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning. The objective of the study is to present the role of artificial neural networks and machine learning in utilizing spatial information. Machine learning and AI play an increasingly important role in disaster risk reduction from hazard mapping and forecasting severe occurrences to real-time event detection, situational awareness, and decision assistance. Some of the applications employed in the study to analyze the various ANN domains included weather forecasting, medical diagnosis, aerospace, facial recognition, stock market, social media, signature verification, forensics, robotics, electronics hardware, defense, and seismic data gathering. Machine learning determines the many prediction models for problems involving classification, regression, and clustering using known variables and locations from the training dataset, spatial data that is based on tabular data creates different observations that are geographically related to one another for unknown factors and places. The study presents that the Recurrent neural network and convolutional neural network are the best method in spatial information processing, healthcare, and weather forecasting with greater than 90% accuracy.

Metal-organic framework (MOF)-based advanced sensing platforms for the detection of hydrogen sulfide

Vikrant, Kumar,Kumar, Vanish,Ok, Yong Sik,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Deep, Akash Elsevier 2018 Trends in analytical chemistry Vol.105 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hydrogen sulfide (H<SUB>2</SUB>S) is and a colorless, corrosive, flammable, and toxic gas with a characteristic rotten egg smell. Although its detection can be conducted by conventional methods (like gas chromatography), highly effective and sensitive detection of H<SUB>2</SUB>S has been realized with the usage of various nanomaterials (e.g., carbon nanostructures, metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, and quantum dots). Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as employed for such applications either in their pristine or modified forms, have been recognized as the effective media for sensing of H<SUB>2</SUB>S due to synergistic effects in addition to their well-known merits (e.g., the large specific surface). This review has been organized to describe the potential applicability of MOF-based sensing against H<SUB>2</SUB>S through comparative evaluation of their capability against other materials or tools. We also discuss the present obstacles and outline the future scope of research on MOF-based sensing tools.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The monitoring and control of inordinately odorous gases like hydrogen sulfide, H<SUB>2</SUB>S is important. </LI> <LI> Conventional methods of H<SUB>2</SUB>S suffer from many demerits such as the need for complex instruments. </LI> <LI> Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and hybrids/composites have high sensing potential for H<SUB>2</SUB>S. </LI> <LI> This review highlights recent advances and factors associated with the sensing of H<SUB>2</SUB>S by MOFs. </LI> <LI> Our discussion attempts to uncover the present obstacles and challenges in this field of research. </LI> </UL> </P>

A Novel Approach to Generate Chirped Waveform by using Chirped Lithium Niobate Mach-Zehnder Modulator

Akash Srivastav,Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.7

A novel technique to generate an arbitrary chirped waveform by harnessing features of Lithium Niobate Mach-Zehnder analog intensity Modulator is suggested and verified by mathematical analysis. The most important application of chirped microwave waveform is that, it improves the range- resolution of radar. In the proposed approach, two electrical drive signal of opposite gain is used to modulate light coming out from the continuous-wave (CW) laser in LiNb Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM). The output of the MZM is chirped optical waveform due to the dependence of the mach-zehnder modulators chirp on the form of signals applied to the drive electrode. In our simple and straight forward method of producing chirped waveform, is basically based on the concept of change in phase at the two arms of Lithium Niobate Mach-Zehnder modulator due to change in refractive index at the respective arms when electric drive voltage is applied. The chirping phenomenon is expressed in terms of an intrinsic chirp parameter of the MZM. The proposed design is simple, easy to implement and cost effective than the previously proposed model of chirped waveform generation uses the MZM and chirped fiber Bragg grating.

Quantum-sized nanomaterials for solar cell applications

Kumar, Sandeep,Nehra, Monika,Deep, Akash,Kedia, Deepak,Dilbaghi, Neeraj,Kim, Ki-Hyun Elsevier 2017 RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS Vol.73 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To date, the development of clean and sustainable energy sources has been a central focal point of research, supporting the worldwide rising demand for energy along with associated environmental concerns. The abundance of solar energy on the surface of the earth and its popular appeal makes it a promising candidate to comply with long-term energy demands. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review on different generations of solar cell based on the technological and economic aspects. The focus is on nanomaterial-based solar cells such as quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs), a new PV mechanism that offers a new pathway for controlling energy flow. Over the past few years, a significant improvement has been achieved in the energy conversion efficiency (ECE) of QDSSCs (e.g., from 1% to beyond 11%). As such, they are a very promising alternative to conventional crystalline and thin film PV technologies due to their low cost, easy fabrication, and high performance. This review highlights the progress of QDSSCs along with future scope of innovative graphene structures, e.g., graphene-semiconductor nanomaterial (G-SNM), graphene-carbon nanotubes (G-CNT), and graphene-metal nanomaterial (G-MNM) hybrids in PV cells. In addition to graphene, we discuss other 2D materials that have remarkable optoelectronic properties for PV devices. The ECE of green QDSSCs (~11.61% certified) is now approaching that of dye-sensitized solar cells (~13%) through the technical advancement of many counterparts (e.g., photo-electrodes, sensitizers, electrolytes, and counter electrodes). Therefore, QDSSCs exhibit sufficient potential for future research focusing on the development of highly efficient solar cells.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Integrated Approach of Software Project Size Estimation

Brajesh Kumar Singh,Akash Punhani,A. K. Misra 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSEIA) 2016 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.10 No.2

In the past, some researchers have shown that using more than one technique can reduce the risk of trusting only one method. At present many estimators use function point input in estimations based on COCOMO. This research paper includes the use and explanations related to advantages of these two “public domain” costing methods and the proposal of an integrated single model for size estimation. The problem of language dependency is well addressed and the language-weighted function point is introduced as the solution domain. Research paper demonstrates that the use of backfiring conversion factors is inherently inaccurate as there is no effective relationship between SLOC and FP. The use of homogeneous data can provide the acceptable results as established. It is demonstrated and established that the combination of physical size and functional size using the LOC and function points can affect the productivity. Using weighted function points as the main input in a COCOMO-like power function enables the effect of the programming language which enables the model to be easily adapted to other development environments. Such estimates are of very high degree of accuracy.

Optimal Placement of SVC Incorporating Installation Cost

Ankit Kumar Sharma,Akash Saxena,Rajive Tiwari 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.8

As the FACTS controllers are an inequitable part of power system due to their fast and very flexible control. With the enhancement of FACTS technology, their role in the marginal cost determination should be considered taking their cost function into account. The aim of this paper is to compare the optimal performance of static VAR compensator (SVC) in voltage stability enhancement problem. During last decade, FACTS devices are broadly used for maximizing the margin of voltage stability and loadability of existing power system transmission networks. To get the optimal system, cost analysis might be necessary. In the cost analysis of SVC, authors analyzed the installation cost of SVC devices in USD, the cost of SVC in USD/KVAR and the average value of installation cost for given systems. Here, the voltage stability enhancement problem is solved applying Gravitational Search algorithm incorporating SVC. The following conditions are investigated with the incorporation of SVC: the role of SVC for improving the voltage profile, loss minimization and the approximate analysis on cost recovery and payback period with SVC in voltage stability enhancement problem. With this motivation, the location of SVC is finalized through weak bus identification methods. Voltage stability indices namely Fast Voltage Stability Index (FVSI) is utilized to identify weak buses in the systems. For calculation of the Size of SVC, an optimization routine Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) is established. The main purpose of optimization is to minimize the FVSI. The proposed approach has been tested on three standard IEEE bus systems with different loading scenarios. General Terms: Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS), Marginal Cost, Voltage Stability Assessment, Static VAR Compensators.