The isomorphism between two fundamental groups by Cayley graphs

˙I. Naci Cang¨ul,A. Sinan C¸ evik,¨Ozden Koruo˘glu 장전수학회 2008 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.17 No.1

LetG1 and G2 be two nite groups and letCay(G1,S1) and Cay(G2,S2) be the corresponding Cayley graphs of these groups, respectively. By [2] and [8], one can dene the fundamental groupπ1(Γ,v) by using any connected graph Γ with a fixed vertex v. In this paper we give sufficient conditions for any two fundamental groups which are obtained by Cayley graphs Cay(G1,S1) and Cay(G2,S2) to be isomorphic. At the final part of the paper, we present some examples of this result.

후기 아동의 감성 발달과 신체활동의 관계에 관한 연구

김을교,백삼현 명지대학교 예체능연구소 2000 藝體能論集 Vol.11 No.-

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect on children's emotional status such as anxiety, depression, self-confidence after participation in physical activities after school. For the purpose of this study, a self administered questionaire study was conducted to elementary school students of fifth grade. The subjects were involved in 6 elementary schools in Kanglung City, Kangwon-do. The samples were 386 boys and 365 girls. Questionnair was developed for students on the based of three studies used in the last study. After examination and modification, the question were accomplished. For the analysis of data, Two-way ANOVA was used in this study as the way of statistical analysis. Through these methods and steps, the effect on children's emotion by the physical activity was analyzed. The followings is the result from analysis. First, in the effect on anxiety by joining in physical activity, the most frequency was four or five times a week in boys and three or four times a week in girls. The most efficient time that decrease anxiety was two or three hours in boys, and one or two hours in female children. Second, it was found that children who had higher frequency and join in physical activity for longer time felt less depression. And children who joined in personal sport in boys, in team sport in girls felt less depression. Third, like anxiety, girls felt more self-confidence than boys. And the participation group felt more self-confidence than the non participation group. Especially, the degree of self-confidence was variable depending on whether one joined in physical activity or not. The highest degree of self-confidence was found in children who participated in team sport almost every day.

윤리학의 근본 원리 : 막스 셸러의 '실질적 가치윤리학'을 중심으로

이을상 영남철학회 1997 哲學論叢 Vol.13 No.-

Immobilization of radioactive corrosion products by cold sintering of pure hydroxyapatite

ul Hassan, Muhmood,Iqbal, Sajid,Yun, Jong-Il,Ryu, Ho Jin Elsevier 2019 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.374 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>An efficient method for the consolidation of cobalt (Co(II)) adsorbed calcium hydroxyapatite was investigated to develop a simplified route for decontamination of the coolant system of nuclear power plants and direct immobilization of as-spent adsorbent. Calcium hydroxyapatite nano-powder synthesized by a wet precipitation method was used as an adsorbent and 94% Co(II) surrogate removal from simulated water was measured. The as-spent adsorbent was sintered at 200 °C, a temperature significantly lower than conventional sintering temperatures (900–1300 °C) for hydroxyapatite, under a uniaxial pressure of 500 MPa for 10 min. The relative density after the cold sintering was >97% and sintered samples displayed good compressive strength (175 MPa). The normalized leaching rate of the Co(II) was measured as per ASTM-C1285 standard and found to be 2.5 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP> g/m<SUP>2</SUP>/day. ANSI/ANS-16.1 test procedure was used to analyze the leachability of the sintered matrices and the measured leaching index value was 6.5. Thus, the use of pure calcium hydroxyapatite nano-powder as adsorbent and its cold sintering offers a mean by which radioactive waste form can be processed in an environment friendly manner.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Very low temperature, binder-free consolidation of calcium hydroxyapatite. </LI> <LI> Cold sintered Co-adsorbed hydroxyapatite presented good leaching resistance. </LI> <LI> Cold sintering of hydroxyapatite can be an energy-efficient processing of waste forms. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Composition-induced influence on the electronic band structure, optical and thermoelectric coefficients of the highly mismatched GaNSb alloy over the entire range: A DFT analysis

Ul Haq, Bakhtiar,Ahmed, R.,Rhee, Joo Yull,Shaari, A.,AlFaify, S.,Ahmed, M. Elsevier 2017 Journal of alloys and compounds Vol.693 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Capable of achieving wide control over energy band gap and following optoelectronic properties; the highly mismatched alloys (HMAs) are considered to be promising materials for solar energy conversion devices. The dramatic restructuring of energy bands and density of states in HMAs caused by the replacement of anions with distinctly-mismatched isovalent constituents could further be an important course in improving their thermoelectric efficiency. In this paper, we attempt to explore and address the composition-induced modifications in the electronic band structure and the resultant effects on optical spectra and thermoelectric coefficients of GaN<SUB>1−x</SUB>Sb<SUB>x</SUB> based HMAs in the framework of density functional theory. We observe, the substitution of N by Sb, considerably affects its band structure and split the conduction band minimum (CBM) into sub-bands. With increasing Sb composition, the lowest sub-band stemmed from N-s electrons has experienced drastic downward shift leading to energy gap narrowing. Interestingly, the energy gap narrowing along R- Γ is found to be faster than that of Γ- Γ point leading to an amazing direct to indirect band gap crossover. On the other hand, the composition-induced energy gap narrowing stimulates the red-shift in fundamental absorption edge in both ultraviolet and the infrared regime, making the GaNSb potentially useful material for photovoltaic applications. In addition, substantial effect on the thermoelectric coefficients of GaNSb is also observed via Sb substitution. We obtain larger Seebeck coefficient, improved power factors and figure of merit (ZT) for GaNSb at low Sb substitution and found diminishing effect with the further increase of Sb composition. With enhanced Seebeck coefficient, power factor and ZT values at modest doping levels, GaNSb alloy could be a promising candidate for near or above room temperature thermoelectric applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Alloying of GaNSb across entire composition in the framework of DFT. </LI> <LI> The striking direct to indirect energy gap cross over. </LI> <LI> Enhanced absorption in ultraviolet, visible and infrared energy regime. </LI> <LI> Comprehensive investigations of thermoelectric properties of GaNSb alloy. </LI> </UL> </P>

Thickness effect on magnetocrystalline anisotropy of MnPt(0 0 1) film

Qurat-ul-ain,Cuong, Do Duc,Odkhuu, Dorj,Rhim, S.H.,Hong, S.C. Elsevier 2018 Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials Vol.467 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We investigated the magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) of MnPt(0 0 1) film and MnPt/MgO(0 0 1) using <I>ab initio</I> electronic structure calculations. We found that the magnetic ground state of the MnPt film strongly depends on thickness (n). In bulk and in film with n ≥ 7 monolayers; AFM-II is the magnetic ground state. However, as the film thickness reduces, the magnetic ground state shifts from AFM-II to AFM-III. We employ layer-by-layer Heisenberg model to explain thickness dependent ground state transition. AFM-III state in the Mn-terminated film shows large perpendicular MCA(PMCA), which further enhances on a MgO(0 0 1) substrate. We conclude that the interface plays a key role for the enhancement of PMCA on the substrate.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Thickness- and surface-termination- dependent MCA of MnPt(0 0 1) film is investigated. </LI> <LI> The Mn-terminated MnPt(0 0 1) film has different magnetic ground state from in bulk when thickness is <7 ML. </LI> <LI> The magnetic structures of the film are studied phenomenologically using rather simplified Heisenberg model. </LI> <LI> The Mn-terminated MnPt(0 0 1) film in AFM-III state shows PMCA when thickness is <9 ML. </LI> <LI> From calculations on MnPt/MgO(0 0 1) it is found that the Mn-O interface enhance PMCA significantly. </LI> </UL> </P>

Effect of Light and Feed Restriction During Rearing on Production Performance of Egg Strain Layers

Ahsan-ul-haq, Ahsan-ul-haq,Ahmad, Nazir,Rasool, Shahid,Shah, T.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1997 Animal Bioscience Vol.10 No.6

432 Babcock ISA white leghorn pullets reared for 8 weeks on a standard managemental conditions were exposed to feed/nutrient and light restrictions from 9 to 20 weeks of age. Four feeding regimes i. e. 100, 85 or 70 percent of the recommended allowance and low energy (2,500 Kcal/kg) low protein (13% CP) ration were fed each in the three light regimes i. e. (A) Natural day light starting from 13.24 hr/day at 8 weeks of age and ending 10.41 hr/day at the end of 20 weeks; (B) Constant 11 hr/day light and (C) starting with 13 hr/day at 8 weeks and decreasing @ 20 min/week till 20 weeks of age. At the age of 20 weeks all the birds were shifted to separate cages under uniform lighting feeding and management. During the 21st week light was increased to 12 hr a day and thereafter with an increase of 30 min per week, increased to 16 hr a day at the age of 29 weeks. From 20 weeks onward till 72 week age, all the birds were offered commercial layer rations ad libitum, prepared according to climatic conditions. The results of the study revealed that birds reared under natural and constant light had higher weights than decreasing light, yet they could not out perform during production period. The effect of feed and nutrient restriction, on the other hand, was found significant during rearing as well as production period. The birds exposed to higher level of feed and those exposed to nutrient restriction were lighter in weight. The 100% fed birds laid their first egg at an early age. However, those reared on 85% of the recommendation excelled all other groups in terms of produced number of eggs, egg mass, hen housed and hen day production and net returns.

Biophysical characterization of the basic cluster in the transcription repression domain of human MeCP2 with AT-rich DNA

Mushtaq, Ameeq Ul,Lee, Yejin,Hwang, Eunha,Bang, Jeong Kyu,Hong, Eunmi,Byun, Youngjoo,Song, Ji-Joon,Jeon, Young Ho Academic Press 2018 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>MeCP2 is a chromatin associated protein which is highly expressed in brain and relevant with Rett syndrome (RTT). There are AT-hook motifs in MeCP2 which can bind with AT-rich DNA, suggesting a role in chromatin binding. Here, we report the identification and characterization of another AT-rich DNA binding motif (residues 295 to 313) from the C-terminal transcription repression domain of MeCP2 by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and isothermal calorimetry (ITC). This motif shows a micromolar affinity to AT-rich DNA, and it binds to the minor groove of DNA like AT-hook motifs. Together with the previous studies, our results provide an insight into a critical role of this motif in chromatin structure and function.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Basic cluster region (residues 295 to 313) in the MeCP2 binds to AT-rich DNA. </LI> <LI> NMR relaxation data identified that IKKRKTRE is critical for binding. </LI> <LI> Basic cluster peptide binds to the minor groove of DNA, similar to AT-hooks. </LI> </UL> </P>

GH57 amylopullulanase from <i>Desulfurococcus amylolyticus</i> JCM 9188 can make highly branched cyclodextrin via its transglycosylation activity

Park, Yeo-Ul,Jung, Jong-Hyun,Seo, Dong-Ho,Jung, Dong-Hyun,Kim, Jae-Han,Seo, Ean-Jeong,Baek, Nam-In,Park, Cheon-Seok Elsevier 2018 Enzyme and microbial technology Vol.114 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Desulfurococcus amylolyticus</I> is an anaerobic and hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon that can use various carbohydrates as energy sources. We found a gene encoding a glycoside hydrolase family 57 amylolytic enzymes (DApu) in a putative carbohydrate utilization gene cluster in the genome of <I>D. amylolyticus</I>. This gene has an open reading frame of 1,878 bp and consists of 626 amino acids with a molecular mass of 71 kDa. Recombinant DApu (rDApu) completely hydrolyzed pullulan to maltotriose by attacking α-1,6-glycosidic linkages, and was able to produce glucose and maltose from soluble starch and amylopectin. Although rDApu showed no activity toward α-cyclodextrin (CD) and β-CD, maltooctaose (G8) was detected from reaction with γ-CD. The highest activity of rDApu was measured at pH 5.0 and 95 °C. The half-life of rDApu was 12.7 h at 95 °C and 27 min at 98 °C. Interestingly, rDApu was able to transfer a maltose unit to 6-<I>O</I>-α-maltosyl-β-CD via transglycosylation. Structure analysis using MALDI-TOF/TOF MS and nuclear magnetic resonance revealed that the new transglycosylated products were 6<SUP>1</SUP>, 6<SUP>4</SUP>-di-<I>O</I>-maltosyl-β-CD and 6<SUP>1</SUP>, 6<SUP>3</SUP>, 6<SUP>5</SUP>-tri-<I>O</I>-maltosyl-β-CD.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> GH57 amylopullulanase from <I>Desulfurococcus amylolyticus</I> (DApu) was characterized. </LI> <LI> DApu exhibits not only hydrolysis activity but also transglycosylation activity. </LI> <LI> Branched cyclodextrins were formed by transfer of a maltose unit by DApu. </LI> </UL> </P>

Structural, optical, electrical and morphological properties of different concentration sol-gel ZnO seeds and consanguineous ZnO nanostructured growth dependence on seeds

Rana, Abu ul Hassan Sarwar,Chang, Seung-Bo,Chae, Hyun Uk,Kim, Hyun-Seok Elsevier 2017 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.729 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Previous studies on solution concentration, density, coating time, and annealing temperature of sol-gel ZnO seeds have underrated the growth of ZnO nanostructures. However, these details are quite vital and central to growth of vertically aligned ZnO nanorods (ZNRs). The current study investigates ZNR structure and growth dependence upon solution concentration, thickness, density, diameter, annealing time, annealing temperature, and crystalline quality of sol-gel spin coated ZnO seeds. For growth optimization, we used 0.02, 0.04, and 0.09 M zinc acetate seeds in n-propanol coated two and five times on a p-Si substrate. We found that seed thickness and density depend upon successive coats and the seed solution concentration. The morphology, alignment, density, aspect ratio, crystalline quality, and optical properties of ZNRs are directly related to the seed parameters. The defect centers in seeds and ZNRs are independent of each other. We also studied the electrical characteristics of spin coated seeds, which is a hallmark in the research and development of seed oriented growth of ZnO nanostructures.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Structural, optical, electrical, and morphological properties of different concentration sol-gel ZnO seeds are presented. </LI> <LI> The ZnO nanorod (ZNR) growth depends upon the concentration, thickness, and crystalline quality of seeds. </LI> <LI> The ZNR structural and optical properties confide in the structural and optical properties of seeds. </LI> <LI> The seed layer defect density and carrier concentration are directly proportional to seed solution concentration. </LI> <LI> Annealing temperature and time are of paramount importance in seed layer stability. </LI> </UL> </P>