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Ui Joung Youn,구본석,김경희,Chulgyu Ha,정인찬 대한약침학회 2018 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.21 No.2
Contents of compounds in Rehmanniae Radix change depending on the number of steaming and drying and the drying method. In this study, as an impregnation method for dried Rehmanniae Radix, takju impregnation and cheongju impregnation were carried out and steaming and drying were repeated for 9 times. The changes of 5-HMF and catalpol contents were analyzed according to the number of repetition times to investigate which stage of steaming and drying is preferable. Also, total nitrogen, crude fat, ash, and crude fiber were measured to analyze changes in general components. 5-HMF was not detected in dried Rehmanniae Radix. As a result of repetitive steaming and drying, the content of 5-HMF increased only slightly from 1 to 4-times steaming and drying but increased significantly from 5-times. The catalpol in dried Rehmanniae Radix was not detected after 5 times of steaming and drying. Sucrose, maltose, and glucose were included in dried Rehmanniae Radix before steaming and drying. However, after the process in both Takju impregnation and Cheongju impregnation, galactose and fructose tended to decrease after production and sucrose and glucose tended to decrease after the increase. In this study condition, 6-times and more steaming and drying were appropriate process which met the content criteria (not less than 0.1%) of the Korean Pharmacopoeia (8th edition) for 5-HMF, an index component for quality control of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata.
Pyridineenolato and pyridineenamido complexes of zirconium, titanium and aluminum
Joung, Ui Gab,Kim, Tae Ho,Joe, Dae June,Lee, Bun Yeoul,Shin, Dong Mok,Chung, Young Keun Elsevier 2004 Polyhedron Vol.23 No.9
<P>Pyridineenolate complexes, [CH<SUB>2</SUB>C(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)O-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>O</I>]<SUB>2</SUB>M(NR<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (M=Zr, R=Et, <B>3</B>; M=Ti, R=Me, <B>4</B>) and pyridineenamido complexes, [ArNC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>N</I>]<SUB>2</SUB>M(NR<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (M=Zr, Ar=1,3-Me<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>, R=Et, <B>9</B>; M=Ti, Ar=1,3-Me<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>, R=Me, <B>10</B>; M=Zr, Ar=1,3-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>, R=Et, <B>11</B>) have been prepared. Addition of excess AlMe<SUB>3</SUB> to <B>3</B> or <B>4</B> and <B>11</B> results in the formation of transmetallated complexes, [CH<SUB>2</SUB>C(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(OAlMe<SUB>3</SUB>)-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>O</I>]AlMe<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>13</B>) and [(2,6-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)]AlMe<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>14</B>). Solid structures of <B>4, 8, 13</B> and <B>14</B> were determined by X-ray crystallography.</P><ce:figure></ce:figure> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Deprotonation of 2-acetylpyridine with KH in THF afford a potassium enolate compound (<B>2</B>) which reacts with Zr(NEt<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB>(THF)<SUB>2</SUB> and Ti(NMe<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB> to yield [CH<SUB>2</SUB>C(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)O-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>O</I>]<SUB>2</SUB>M(NR<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (M=Zr, R=Et, <B>3</B>; M=Ti, R=Me, <B>4</B>) in 84% and 76% yield, respectively. Deprotonation of imines derived from 2-acetylpyridine, (2,6-Me<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>3</SUB>) (<B>5</B>) and (2,6-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>3</SUB>) (<B>6</B>), affords potassium enamides, K[(2,6-Me<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)N–C(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)] (<B>7</B>) and K[(2,6-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)N-(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)] (<B>8</B>). Reactions of the potassium salt <B>7</B> with Zr(NEt<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB>(THF)<SUB>2</SUB> and Ti(NMe<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB> afford pyridineenamido complexes, [(2,6-Me<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>N</I>]<SUB>2</SUB>M(NR<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (M=Zr, R=Et, <B>9</B>; M=Ti, R=Me, <B>10</B>). Reaction of <B>8</B> with Zr(NEt<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB>(THF)<SUB>2</SUB> affords [(2,6-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)]<SUB>2</SUB>Zr(NEt<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>11</B>) but the reaction of <B>8</B> with Ti(NMe<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB> yields [(2,6-<I>i</I>PrC<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)]TiCl(NMe<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>12</B>). Addition of excess AlMe<SUB>3</SUB> to <B>3</B> or <B>4</B> results in transmetallation of Zr or Ti to Al to afford an aluminum enolate complex, [CH<SUB>2</SUB>C(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(OAlMe<SUB>3</SUB>)-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>O</I>]AlMe<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>13</B>). Addition of AlMe<SUB>3</SUB> to <B>12</B> results in the formation of a transmetallated complex, [(2,6-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)]AlMe<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>14</B>). The solid structures of <B>4, 11, 13</B> and <B>14</B> were determined by X-ray crystallography.</P>
Identification of new pyrrole alkaloids from the fruits of Lycium chinense
Ui Joung Youn,서은경,Joo Yun Lee,길윤서,한아름,Chong Hak Chae,Shi Yong Ryu 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.3
Three new minor pyrrole alkaloids, 3-[2-formyl- 5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]pentanedioic acid (1), (2R)-[2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-1- methoxy-1-oxobutanoic acid (2), and methyl (2R)-[2-formyl- 5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-4-methylpentanoate (3) were isolated from the fruits of Lycium chinense Miller (Solanaceae), along with the known compound, methyl (2R)-[2-formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)- 1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3-(phenyl)propanoate (4). The structures of 1–4 were elucidated by analysis of their 1Dand 2D-NMR and HRMS data. The absolute configurations of 2–4, possessing a stereogenic center in each structure, were determined by comparison of their experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) with those of calculated ECD values.
Insect diversity and community structure depending on the landscape and habitat
Ui-Joung Byeon,Jeong-Min Kim,Youngsung Joo,Jong-Seok Park 한국응용곤충학회 2023 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.10
Understanding the landscapes and the elements that make up the landscapes can help us understand the entire natural ecosystems and biodiversity. Landscape ecology has been studied since the past. however, many studies are conducted on single landscapes, and comparative studies between landscapes are few. We compared insect species diversity and community structure within a single plant community across landscapes and habitat. Additionally, identify environmental factors that affect diversity. Our results showed that above-ground and below-ground insect communities were clearly distinguished. Additionally, species diversity was high below-ground in all landscapes. Insect community structures across landscapes did not differ in above-ground. However, below-ground, the urban was differentiated from the forest and agricultural land. We identified the urbanization indices GMIS and PHBASE as factors responsible for these difference.
Identification of Antiadipogenic Constituents of the Rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides
Joung Youn, Ui,Ye Seul, Lee,Ha Na, Jung,Jun, Lee,Joo Won, Nam,Yoo Jin, Lee,Eun Sook, Hwang,Je Hyun, Lee,Dong Ho, Lee,Sam Sik, Kang,Eun Kyoung, Seo 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2010 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.20
Three new phenolic compounds, (E)-4'-demethyl-6-methyleucomin (1), anemarcoumarin A (2), and anemarchalconyn (3), were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides, together with seven known compounds (4-10). The structures of the new compounds (1-3) were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation. Compound 3 exhibited a potent inhibitory effect against the differentiation of preadipocyte 3T3-L1 cells with an IC50 value of 5.3 microM.