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( Tom Ryu ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Tae Yeob Kim ),( Ki Tae Suk ),( Moon Young Kim ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Dong Joon Kim ),( Soon Koo Baik ),( Joo Hyun Sohn ),( Woo Kyoung Jeong ),( Eun Hee Choi ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: We investigated the usefulness of Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) plus hepatic vein pressure gradient (HVPG) model for stratifying prediction of long-term survival in low and intermediate model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) era. Methods: Of 1,025 patients with liver cirrhosis, we excluded critically ill cases and those with MELD scores ≧ 15. The data of 494 patients were subsequently collected between 2008 and 2013. We determined the CTP score as follows: score 1 (CTP class A), score 2 (CTP class B), and score 3 (CTP class C). We also determined the HVPG score as follows: score 1 (HVPG < 13 mmHg), score 2 (13 mmHg ≦ HVPG < 21 mmHg), and score 3 (HVPG ≧ 21). We determined subgroups using the sum of the MELD and HVPG scores as follows: CTP+HVPG score 2 as group 1, CTP+HVPG scores 3 and 4 as group 2, and CTP+HVPG score 5 and 6 as group 3. Results: According to CTP+HVPG score, the cumulative survival rate decreased significantly as the CTP+HVPG score increased, as shown in the Figure 1 (P=0.000). The mortality rates increased significantly according to CTP+HVPG score in patients with in low and intermediate MELD score (Group 2 [hazard ratio, HR=4.97] (P =0.004)), (Group 3 [HR=8.84] (P =0.001)). In the comparison between two groups (group 1 vs. 2, 2 vs. 3, and 1 vs. 3), the cumulative survival rate was significantly different between groups 1 and 2, between groups 2 and 3, and between groups 1 and 3 (P=0.000, 0.021, and 0.000, respectively). Conclusions: In low and intermediate MELD era, the calculation of the combined score using CTP plus HVPG model can help stratify the long-term prognosis. Also, in compensated and decompensated cirrhosis, the combined score has a discrimination value in prediction of long-term survival.
( Tom Ryu ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Se Ri Ryu ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Sang-woo Cha ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Young Deok Cho ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( Boo Sung 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: We investigated the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative treatment and the efficacy of second line treatment. Methods: This study included 230 patients who had been diagnosed with HCC and had curative treatment such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), resection or liver transplantation. Data on recurrence, survival, and second line treatment after curative treatment were collected and analyzed. Recurrence rates were compared with the chi-square test, and cumulative survival rates were compared with log-rank and Kaplan-Meier test. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Average follow up duration was 46.37 months (1-180 months). The total recurrence rate after curative treatment for HCC was 41.3%. The recurrence rates after surgery including liver transplantation and RFA were 43.4% and 38.6%, respectively. There was no significant difference in recurrence rate after surgery and RFA (P=0.463). However, the cumulative survival rate after surgery including liver transplantation was significantly higher than that after RFA (P=0.032). Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was performed in 50 of 95 patients (52.6%), as second line treatment. Other patients received local treatment (RFA or CyberKnife) (17.9%), sorafenib (14.7%), or other treatments (14.8%) as second line treatment. Surgery was performed in 1 patient with recurrent HCC after RFA. The 5-year survival rate in patients with recurrent HCC was 64.1%. The survival rate was not significantly different between patient treated with TACE and non-TACE as second line treatment (P=0.760) (Figure 1). Conclusions: Although recurrence rates after surgery and RFA were not significantly different, the cumulative survival rate was significantly different between the two groups. TACE was the most common second line treatment, but the cumulative survival rate was not significantly different between patients treated with TACE and non-TACE.
The Value of Exosomal microRNA 122 in Liver Disease as Biomarker of Fibrosis: Preliminary Study
( Tom Ryu ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Se Ri Ryu ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Sang-woo Cha ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Young Deok Cho ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: The microRNA (miR) from exosome has more specific biologic markers for various diseases than miR extracted from serum. We investigated the correlation between exosomal miR expression and clinical data including histology in patients with liver disease. Methods: We performed liver biopsy for 21 patients with various liver diseases. Results of liver biopsy were classified as steatosis, lobular inflammation, portal inflammation, and fibrosis. We graded the fibrosis as advanced and non-advanced fibrosis. For exosomal miR expression analysis, 8cc of blood sample was drawn and exosome was extracted by exoRNeasy Serum/Plasma Maxi and Midi Kits (Qiagen, Germany). Real time polymerase chain reaction was done by Applied Biosystems Step One Plus. Then, complementary deoxyriboneucleic acid (cDNA) was synthesized by synthesizing reagent and expression of exosomal miR was checked by TaqMan Universal Master Mix and TaqMan Assay. Finally, we calculated exosomal miR-122, miR-155, and miR-194-5p expression and compared between exosomal miR expression and clinical data including histologic grade in patients with liver disease. Results: Twenty-one patients were diagnosed with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (n=9), toxic hepatitis (n=4), viral hepatitis (n=4), alcoholic liver disease (n=2) primary biliary cirrhosis (n=1) and granulomatous hepatitis (n=1). miR-122 was overexpressed in patients with advanced fibrosis compared to non-advanced fibrosis (P=0.062). miR-155 and mir-194-5p expression did not differ significantly between fibrosis grades (P=0.697 and 0.640, respectively). Furthermore, miR-122 was significantly different in elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) group compared to normal (P=0.007 and 0.049, respectively). Conclusions: The expression of miR-122 was increased in patients with advanced fibrosis compared with non-advanced fibrosis. Also, the expression of miR-122 was significantly different between the patients with normal and abnormal liver function. Therefore, expression of exosomal miRNA can be a factor governing diagnosis and treatment of liver disease.
The Optimal Management of Pleural Effusion in Liver Abscess?
( Se Ri Ryu ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Tom Ryu ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Youngyun Cho ),( Jeeyeon Kim ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Sang-woo Cha ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Young Deok 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: We investigated the characteristics and clinical features of pleural effusion in patients with liver abscess. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in a single center to evaluate the characteristics and management of pleural effusion in patients with liver abscess hospitalized between January 2006 and February 2018 at Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital. A total of 526 patients were collected. Of these, 156 patients diagnosed as eosinophilic abscess or later cholangiocarcinoma or liver metastasis were excluded from the analysis. Finally, the clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings were analyzed in total of 370 patients in liver abscess. Results: Of the patients with liver abscess, 110 (29.7%) patients had pleural effusion. Among of these, 56.4% occurred in right, 5.5% in left and 35.5% in both. When pleural effusion was present, age (older age, P=0.046), liver abscess size (43.01 vs. 59.48mm, P=0.000) and location (right superior segment, P=0.000) were significantly different from those without. Most of patients (96 patients) were treated with only antibiotics and 14 patients underwent intervention with antibiotics for pleural effusion. Of the 13 patients who were able to perform fluid analysis, 11 (84.6%) were exudate and 2 (15.4%) were transudate. Duration of pleural effusion showed no significant difference between the groups that performed intervention and those who were treated with antibiotics only (17.79 vs. 12.35 days, P= 0.112). Conclusions: The pleural effusion was more frequent in older patients, larger size and right superior segment. There was no statistically significant difference in duration of pleural effusion between intervention and non-intervention group. Therefore, treatment of pleural effusion is thought to be sufficient for antibiotics without special intervention in patients with liver abscess.
Cho, Hyunwoo,Ryu, Hojin,Rho, Sangchul,Hill, Kristine,Smith, Stephanie,Audenaert, Dominique,Park, Joonghyuk,Han, Soeun,Beeckman, Tom,Bennett, Malcolm J.,Hwang, Daehee,De Smet, Ive,Hwang, Ildoo Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2014 Nature cell biology Vol.16 No.1
The phytohormone auxin is a key developmental signal in plants. So far, only auxin perception has been described to trigger the release of transcription factors termed AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs (ARFs) from their AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (AUX/IAA) repressor proteins. Here, we show that phosphorylation of ARF7 and ARF19 by BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2) can also potentiate auxin signalling output during lateral root organogenesis. BIN2-mediated phosphorylation of ARF7 and ARF19 suppresses their interaction with AUX/IAAs, and subsequently enhances the transcriptional activity to their target genes LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-DOMAIN16 (LBD16) and LBD29. In this context, BIN2 is under the control of the TRACHEARY ELEMENT DIFFERENTIATION INHIBITORY FACTOR (TDIF)–TDIF RECEPTOR (TDR) module. TDIF-initiated TDR signalling directly acts on BIN2-mediated ARF phosphorylation, leading to the regulation of auxin signalling during lateral root development. In summary, this study delineates a TDIF–TDR–BIN2 signalling cascade that controls regulation of ARF and AUX/IAA interaction independent of auxin perception during lateral root development.
김태엽,석기태,정성원,Tom Ryu,김동준,백순구,손주현,정우경,최은희,장재영,김문영 대한의학회 2019 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.34 No.33
Background: This study aimed to determine the prognostic role of the categorized hemodynamic stage (HS) based on the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in patients with portal hypertension. Methods: Of 1,025 cirrhotic patients who underwent HVPG measurement, data on 572 non- critically-ill patients were collected retrospectively between 2008 and 2013. The following two HS categorizations were used: HS-1 (6–9, 10–12, 13–16, 17–20, and > 20 mmHg; designated as groups 1–5, respectively) and HS-2 (6–12, 13–20, and > 20 mmHg). Clinical characteristics, mortality rates, and prognostic predictors were analyzed according to the categorized HS. Results: During the mean follow-up period of 25 months, 86 (15.0%) patients died. The numbers of deaths in HS-1 groups were 7 (6.3%), 7 (6.9%), 30 (18.0%), 20 (15.6%), and 22 (34.4%), respectively (P < 0.001). However, the traditional HVPG cutoffs of 10 and 16 mmHg did not improve the discrimination of mortality. In contrast, the mortality rates did differ significantly between the three HS-2 groups (P < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, all models revealed that HS-2 was a common prognostic factor in predicting mortality. The mortality rates increased significantly according to HS-2 in patients with hypoalbuminemia (HVPG, 13–20 mmHg; hazard ratio [HR], 2.54 and HVPG > 20 mmHg; HR, 5.45) and intermediate model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score (HVPG, 13–20 mmHg; HR, 3.86 and HVPG > 20 mmHg; HR, 8.77; P < 0.05). Conclusion: Categorizing HVPG values according to HS-2 is a useful prognostic modality in patients with portal hypertension and can play an independent role in predicting the prognosis in patients with hypoalbuminemia and an intermediate MELD score.
Kim, Tae-Gon,Ryu, Heon-Yul,Jo, Ah-jin,Cho, Sang-Joon,Park, Sang-il,Vandeweyer, Tom The Electrochemical Society 2016 ECS transactions Vol.75 No.8
<P>Metrology solution for critical dimension and sidewall roughness of compound structure in nondestructive manner is an important for better device performance and improving yield. Due to high complexity in SiGe and III-V film stacks with embedded defects a new metrology solution needs to be evaluated. In-line 3D atomic force microscopy was performed to provide a suitable metrology for compound semiconductor process. The technique could measure accurately the height and CD of Fin structures, which has the space with of 25 nm and the height of 60 nm. The uniformity of recess height could be measured, which could be interpreted by loading effect of etch process. Sidewall roughness of InGaAs/InP Fin with various CDs were also measured in success and the technique can differentiate the sidewall roughness changes below 0.1 nm, which were treated at different chemistries and processes. In-line 3D AFM could provide a suitable metrology solution not only for the development of compound semiconductor device, but also its process monitoring.</P>
Clinical Impact of Exosomal microRNA in Liver Fibrosis: Based on Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis
( Young Chang ),( Jae-a Han ),( Suk Min Kang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Tom Ryu ),( Han Seul Park ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1