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Tohru Kimura 한국실험동물학회 2022 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.38 No.4
Background: Benign hair follicle tumors are relatively rare cutaneous neoplasms arising from hair follicle differentiation. These tumors are slow-growing solitary papules or nodules in the head, face or neck. The aim of this study was to describe 2 cases of trichoblastomas in tactile hair skin incidentally encountered in aged house musk shrews (Suncus murinus). In addition, this case report clarifies whether the characteristics in the tactile hair skin of Suncus murinus are different from those in humans and other animals. Case presentation: The animals were investigated the characteristics of the clinical findings, hematological and serum biochemical profiles (particularly, serum amyloid A levels (vSAA)), and histopathological results. Suncus murinus with the facial tumor showed weight loss and coarse fur. Hematological examinations indicated microcytic and normochromic anemia. Although few apparent changes were serum biochemically found in Suncus murinus, vSAA levels moderately increased and revealed inflammatory reactions. These lesions histopathologically showed the basaloid islands comprising peripheral palisading and dilated microcysts containing variable admixtures of free-floating cells such as neoplasm cells, giant cells, clear cells, mononuclear cells and erythrocytes. Conclusions: The author concluded that trichoblastomas in Suncus murinus revealed growth and morphological characteristics that recapitulate part of embryological development in the tactile hair follicles. In the histological structure, their trichoblastomas in the tactile hair skin were different from those found in humans and animals such as cats, dogs and other wildlife.
Congenital hyperinsulinism: current status and future perspectives
Tohru Yorifuji 대한소아내분비학회 2014 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.19 No.2
The diagnosis and treatment of congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) have made a remarkable progress over the past 20 years and, currently, it is relatively rare to see patients who are left with severe psychomotor delay. The improvement was made possible by the recent developments in the understanding of the molecular and pathological basis of CHI. Known etiologies include inactivating mutations of the K ATP channel genes (ABCC8 and KCNJ11) and HNF4A, HNF1A, HADH, and UCP2 or activating mutations of GLUD1, GCK, and SLC16A1. The understanding of the focal form of K ATP channel CHI and its detection by 18 F-fluoro-L-DOPA positron emission tomography have revolutionized the management of CHI, and many patients can be cured without postoperative diabetes mellitus. The incidence of the focal form appears to be higher in Asian countries; therefore, the establishment of treatment systems is even more important in this population. In addition to diazoxide or long- term subcutaneous infusion of octreotide or glucagon, long-acting octreotide or lanreotide have also been used successfully until spontaneous remission. Because of these medications, near-total pancreatectomy is less often performed even for the diazoxide-unresponsive diffuse form of CHI. Other promising medications include pasireotide, small-molecule correctors such as sulfonylurea or carbamazepine, GLP1 receptor antagonists, or mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors. Unsolved questions in this field include the identification of the remaining genes responsible for CHI, the mechanisms leading to transient CHI, and the mechanisms responsible for the spontaneous remission of CHI. This article reviews recent developments and hypothesis regarding these questions.
On the Linear Quadratic Regulator for Descriptor Systems
Tohru Katayama,Katsuki Minamino 대한전자공학회 1992 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1992 No.10
This paper deals with the linear quadratic optimal regulator problem for descriptor systems without performing a preliminary transformation for a descriptor system. We derive a generalized Riccati differential equation (GRDE) based on the two-point boundary value problem for a Hamiltonian equation. We then obtain an optimal feedback control and the optimal cost in terms of the solution of GRE. A simple example is included.