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Sintering and electric conductivity of (Fe,Mn,Sm) codoped CeO2-δ
Ting-Yi Yang,Chieh Chiu,Wen-Cheng J. Wei 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2021 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.22 No.5
Two ceria-based samples, Sm0.1Ce0.9O2 (ST00) and Fe0.005Mn0.005Sm0.09Ce0.9O2 (S9HH) were synthesized by EDTA-citratemethod to achieve molecular-scale homogeneity. The solubility limits of the (Fe, Mn) dopants were determined by quantitativeX-ray diffraction (QXRD). The microstructure of samples after sintering were analyzed by SEM and TEM. The conductivitywas measured by 2-probe DC and AC impedance methods. The results showed no solubility limit of Mn and Fe with 5-9 mol%Sm in CeO2. Two ceria-based samples, ST00 and S9HH could be densified at 1,500 oC and 1,250 oC respectively in 1 h to fulldensity. The electrical conductivity results showed that densified 9HH performed higher electrical conductivity at 800 oC, i.e. 7.15 x 10^-2 S·cm^-1 with an ionic transference ratio (ti) 0.76 at 600 oC. Sm-segregation near grain boundary was found in SDC,but amorphous submicron-domains in (Fe, Mn, Sm) co-doped grains were responsible for the ease of the sintering at 1,250 oC.
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LONG-TERM VARIATION STUDY OF CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES WITH PALOMAR TRANSIENT FACTORY
YANG, MICHAEL TING-CHANG,CHOU, YI,HU, CHIN-PING,SU, YI-HAO,HSIEH, HUNG-EN,LIN, CHING-PING,CHUANG, PO-SHENG,LIAO, NAI-HUI The Korean Astronomical Society 2015 天文學論叢 Vol.30 No.2
The Palomar Transient Factory is a project making use of a Schmidt 48 inch telescope located on the Palomar Mountain, which is surveying the sky with dynamical cadences. It was deployed in 2009 and the observed sky region is over 1200 square degrees. We have studied the long-term periodic variabilities of the known galactic cataclysmic variables (CVs). More than 20 of the sources had been found to have long term periodic signals, ranging from several tens of days to several hundreds of days. Some possible scenarios are proposed to explain the results, such as a magnetic field change of the companion star, precession of the accretion disk, triple systems and superoutburst cycles. Some preliminary discussion will be presented in this article.
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Yi-Ting Wang,Chung-Yi Yang,Jong-Kai Hsiao,Hon-Man Liu,Wen-Jen Lee,Yun Shen 대한영상의학회 2009 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.10 No.3
Objective: We wanted to evaluate the impact of two reconstruction algorithms (halfscan and multisector) on the image quality and the accuracy of measuring the severity of coronary stenoses by using a pulsating cardiac phantom with different heart rates (HRs). Materials and Methods: Simulated coronary arteries with different stenotic severities (25, 50, 75%) and different luminal diameters (3, 4, 5 mm) were scanned with a fixed pitch of 0.16 and a 0.35 second gantry rotation time on a 64-slice multidetector CT. Both reconstruction algorithms (halfscan and multisector) were applied to HRs of 40-120 beats per minute (bpm) at 10 bpm intervals. Three experienced radiologists visually assessed the image quality and they manually measured the stenotic severity. Results: Fewer measurement errors occurred with multisector reconstruction (p = 0.05), a slower HR (p < 0.001) and a larger luminal diameter (p = 0.014); measurement errors were not related with the observers or the stenotic severity. There was no significant difference in measurements as for the reconstruction algorithms below an HR of 70 bpm. More nonassessable segments were visualized with halfscan reconstruction (p = 0.004) and higher HRs (p < 0.001). Halfscan reconstruction had better quality scores when the HR was below 60 bpm, while multisector reconstruction had better quality scores when the HR was above 90 bpm. For the HRs between 60 and 90 bpm, both reconstruction modes had similar quality scores. With excluding the nonassessable segments, both reconstruction algorithms achieved a similar mean measured stenotic severity and similar standard deviations. Conclusion: At a higher HR (above 90 bpm), multisector reconstruction had better temporal resolution, fewer nonassessable segments, better quality scores and better accuracy of measuring the stenotic severity in this phantom study. Objective: We wanted to evaluate the impact of two reconstruction algorithms (halfscan and multisector) on the image quality and the accuracy of measuring the severity of coronary stenoses by using a pulsating cardiac phantom with different heart rates (HRs). Materials and Methods: Simulated coronary arteries with different stenotic severities (25, 50, 75%) and different luminal diameters (3, 4, 5 mm) were scanned with a fixed pitch of 0.16 and a 0.35 second gantry rotation time on a 64-slice multidetector CT. Both reconstruction algorithms (halfscan and multisector) were applied to HRs of 40-120 beats per minute (bpm) at 10 bpm intervals. Three experienced radiologists visually assessed the image quality and they manually measured the stenotic severity. Results: Fewer measurement errors occurred with multisector reconstruction (p = 0.05), a slower HR (p < 0.001) and a larger luminal diameter (p = 0.014); measurement errors were not related with the observers or the stenotic severity. There was no significant difference in measurements as for the reconstruction algorithms below an HR of 70 bpm. More nonassessable segments were visualized with halfscan reconstruction (p = 0.004) and higher HRs (p < 0.001). Halfscan reconstruction had better quality scores when the HR was below 60 bpm, while multisector reconstruction had better quality scores when the HR was above 90 bpm. For the HRs between 60 and 90 bpm, both reconstruction modes had similar quality scores. With excluding the nonassessable segments, both reconstruction algorithms achieved a similar mean measured stenotic severity and similar standard deviations. Conclusion: At a higher HR (above 90 bpm), multisector reconstruction had better temporal resolution, fewer nonassessable segments, better quality scores and better accuracy of measuring the stenotic severity in this phantom study.
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Design and estimation of a sensing attitude algorithm for AUV self-rescue system
Yang, Yi-Ting,Shen, Sheng-Chih Techno-Press 2017 Ocean systems engineering Vol.7 No.2
This research is based on the concept of safety airbag to design a self-rescue system for the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) using micro inertial sensing module. To reduce the possibility of losing the underwater vehicle and the difficulty of searching and rescuing, when the AUV self-rescue system (ASRS) detects that the AUV is crashing or encountering a serious collision, it can pump carbon dioxide into the airbag immediately to make the vehicle surface. ASRS consists of 10-DOF sensing module, sensing attitude algorithm and air-pumping mechanism. The attitude sensing modules are a nine-axis micro-inertial sensor and a barometer. The sensing attitude algorithm is designed to estimate failure attitude of AUV properly using sensor calibration and extended Kalman filter (SCEKF), feature extraction and backpropagation network (BPN) classify. SCEKF is proposed to be used subsequently to calibrate and fuse the data from the micro-inertial sensors. Feature extraction and BPN training algorithms for classification are used to determine the activity malfunction of AUV. When the accident of AUV occurred, the ASRS will immediately be initiated; the airbag is soon filled, and the AUV will surface due to the buoyancy. In the future, ASRS will be developed successfully to solve the problems such as the high losing rate and the high difficulty of the rescuing mission of AUV.
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Yi-Ting Yang,Yu-Shin Nai,Se Jin Lee,Sihyeon Kim,Jae Su Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04
A novel insect-infecting positive sense single-stranded RNA virus, Riptortus pedestris virus-1 (RiPV-1), was found in the Riptortus pedestris transcriptome data by de novo assembly and further confirmed by RACE method. The genome of RiPV-1 consists of 10,554 nucleotides (nt) excluding the poly(A) tail and contains a single large open reading frame (ORF) of 10,371 nt encoding a 3,456 aa polyprotein and flanked by 71 and 112 nt 5' and 3' noncoding regions, respectively. RiPV-1 genome contains the consensus genome organization of picorna-like RNA helicase, cysteine protease, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) array in that order from the 5' to the 3' end. From the phylogenetic analysis, RiPV-1 was clustered with unassigned insect RNA viruses, APV and KFV, which suggests that these three insect picorna-like viruses might constitute a novel group of insect-infecting RNA viruses. Tissue tropism analysis revealed that RiPV-1 was relatively abundant in the thorax, abdomen, midgut and fat body. Interestingly, RiPV-1 replication was enhanced by Beauveria bassiana JEF-007 infection that was quantified using qRT-PCR. This study identified a novel insect-infecting virus and provided further insight into the relationship between virus, fungus and host.
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Se Jin Lee,Yi-Ting Yang,Yu-Shin Nai,Jae Su Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
The ascomycete fungus Beauveria bassiana is a wide host range entomo- pathogenic fungus, which is commonly used as an environmental friendly biopesticide. However, the molecular mechanisms of host-pathogen interaction of B. bassiana are not well understood. Here, the high throughput next generation sequencing was performed to analyze the transcriptome of B. bassiana JEF-007 infected bean bug (Riptorus pedestris). Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis results showed that total 4,684 genes including 2,381 up and 2,303 down regulated genes were identified. Most of the DEGs were classified into single- organism, cellular and metabolism processes by gene ontology (GO) analysis. Metabolism pathway was the most abound category of DEGs via KEGG pathway mapping. Several possible candidates of virulence factors were dramatically expressed after infection, such as cytotoxic lectin, bacterial-like toxin, and proteins related to cell wall, hyphal growth, nutrient uptake and halogenated compounds synthesis. Furthermore, we also found the highest expression of a novel small RNA virus in the infected bean bug, but the relationship between fungal virulence and the RNA virus was under determination. The functional roles of these possible virulence factors are remained unclear, but this work provides a new insight for further fungal studies. Our results reflect systemic impacts of fungal pathogenesis and these findings represent a significant advance in the fungal functional genomics.
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Mi Rong Lee,Yi-Ting Yang,Se Jin Lee,Jae Su Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04
Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is an intracellular adaptor protein involved in Toll signaling pathway. In this study, we monitored the response of 4 key genes of the insect immune system against Beauveria bassiana JEF-007 in Tenebrio molitor using RT-PCR. TmGPR, antimicrobial peptide Tenecin 1 and Tenecin 2 were up-regulated after fungal infection. To better understand the roles of Toll signaling pathway in mealworm immune system, TmGRP and TmMyD88 was knocked down by RNAi silencing. Target gene expressions were decreased at 2 days post-dsRNA injection, and dramatically reduced at 6 days post-dsRNA injection. Therefore, mealworms were compromised by B. bassiana JEF-007 at 6 days post-dsRNA injection. Silencing of the TmMyD88 and TmGRP resulted in reducing the resistance of the host to fungal infection. However, only dsTmMyD88 showed significant difference with dsEGFP by statistical analysis, which may be due to partial gene knock down of dsGRP. These results indicate that TmMyD88 is required in mealworms for survival against B. bassiana JEF-007.
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Se Jin Lee,Yi-Ting Yang,Yu-Shin Nai,Jae Su Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04
Beauveria bassiana (Bb) is an entomopathogenic fungus with a wide host range, and is commonly used as an environment-friendly biopesticide. However, the molecular mechanisms of Bb-host interactions are not well understood. Here, RNA isolated from a highly virulent strain of B. bassiana (Bb JEF-007) and Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae) (bean bug) infected with this strain were subjected to high throughput next generation sequencing (NGS) to analyze and compare transcriptomes. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis showed that 2,381 genes were up-regulated and 2,303 genes were down-regulated upon infection. Most DEGs were classified into the categories of single-organism, cellular and metabolism processes by gene ontology (GO) analysis. Carbon metabolism-related enzymes in the glyoxylate cycle were significantly up-regulated, suggesting a possible role for them in Bb growth in the host. This work provides insight into how entomopathogenic B. bassiana occupies agriculturally harmful bean bug at the late stage, which might be essential during fungal infection.
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Sihyeon Kim,Se Jin Lee,Yi-Ting Yang,Jae Su Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04
Bean bug, Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae) is an agriculturally serious pest in East Asian countries. Chemical pesticides have been contributed to the management of the pest, but nowadays insect resistance limits the use of chemical pesticides, thus alternatively new pesticides with different mode of actions such as entomopathogenic fungi are considered. Herein entomopathogenic Beauveria bassiana JEF isolates were collected, identified and assayed against bean bugs in laboratory conditions. Some isolates showed >80% virulence by contact-exposure and spray methods. The Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of B. bassiana JEF-007 generated random transformants and some mutants showed reduced virulence against Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae and R. pedestris nymph. Compared to the wild-type, the two transformants showed remarkably different morphology, conidial production, and thermotolerance. To figure out pathogenicity-related genes, thermal asymmetric interlaced (TAIL) PCR of the random transformants was performed and possibly some virulence-related genes were predicted. This work can be a strong platform for the functional genetics of bean bug-pathogenic B. bassiana.
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