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Antioxidant and Antifungal Activity of Endophytic Fungi Associated with Agarwood Trees
( Asep Hidaya ),( Maman Turjaman ),( Sarah Asih Faulina ),( Fadel Ridwan ),( Aryanto ),( Najmulah ),( Tun Tedja Irawadi ),( Apri Heri Iswanto ) 한국목재공학회 2019 목재공학 Vol.47 No.4
Several species of Aquilaria and Gyrinops are native to Indonesia and well known as agarwood-producing trees with a high economic value. Their bioactive compounds have a wide spectrum of uses, such as in medicine and cosmetics. These genera have undergone extensive search for novel bioactive compounds. The purpose of this study was to isolate, identify, and characterize the endophytic fungi community associated with Aquilaria malaccensis, A. microcarpa, Gyrinops versteegii, and A. crassna trees and investigate their bioactive properties as antioxidant agents and antagonists. A total of 50 fungi were successfully isolated from different tissues of the four species of agarwood-producing trees. Two isolates exhibited strong antioxidant activity, namely, Apodus oryzae (R2MC3A, IC<sub>50</sub> 60.92 mg/mL) and Diaporthe sp. (P1DS1[C], IC<sub>50</sub> 76.65 mg/mL). Two isolates, Pestalotiopsis theae (P3BS3[B]) and Curvularia sp. (P2CD3A), showed >75% antifungal activity against pathogenic Fusarium solani. The results revealed that endophytic fungi associated with the studied agarwood-producing trees had potential antioxidant and antifungal activities for further applications in biotechnology.
Skew-Dependent Performance Evaluation of Array-Reader-Based Magnetic Recording With Dual-Reader
Euiseok Hwang,Oenning, Travis,Mathew, George,Rahgozar, Parviz,Tedja, Suharli,Han Fang,Garfunkel, Glen,Yan Wu,Hu, David,Duquette, Paul,Fitch, Ken,Rabbitt, Chad,Petrizzi, Joseph,Wilson, Bruce,Rauschmaye IEEE 2015 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.51 No.4
<P>Array-reader-based magnetic recording (ARMR) shows potential to achieve areal density capability (ADC) beyond 1 Tb/in<SUP>2</SUP> by jointly processing multiple readback streams. Dual-reader ARMR with two read sensors and associated read channel signal processing algorithms are currently being actively investigated. In this paper, dual-reader ARMR performance is evaluated focusing on skew-induced variation in cross-track separation (CTS) between the two read sensors. Spin-stand captured waveforms based evaluation is presented for the cases where a dual-reader with certain CTS and skew is emulated using captures from a single-reader at different cross-track locations as well as for the case of actual dual-reader-based captures, where the latter also accounts for head rotation. Based on bit error rate scan along cross-track under various squeezed recording and skew conditions, squeeze-to-death margin-based ADC gain of ARMR is predicted. Dual-reader ARMR shows 5%-10% ADC gain over single-reader for CTS less than 0.6 track pitch, while showing limited gains for larger CTS. Also presented is the performance evaluation of dual-reader ARMR on spin-stand using a hardware accelerated ARMR performance evaluation platform, called Stingray, which uses four Avago read channel silicon chips and a customized field programmable gate array to enable high-speed joint equalization and detection using dual-reader readback streams.</P>