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( Tangina Akhter ),( Mohammod Ali ),( Jaeyoon Cha ),( Seong-jin Park ),( Gyeang Jang ),( Kyu-won Yang ),( Hyuck-joo Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 바이오시스템공학 Vol.43 No.4
Purpose: To continuously monitor soil and climatic properties, a data acquisition system (DAQ) was developed and tested in plum farms (Gyewol-ri and Haechang-ri, Suncheon, Korea). Methods: The DAQ consisted of a Raspberry-Pi processor, a modem, and an ADC board with multiple sensors (soil moisture content (SEN0193), soil temperature (DS18B20), climatic temperature and humidity (DHT22), and rainfall gauge (TR-525M)). In the laboratory, various tests were conducted to calibrate SEN0193 at different soil moistures, soil temperatures, depths, and bulk densities. For performance comparison of the SEN0193 sensor, two commercial moisture sensors (SMS-BTA and WT-1000B) were tested in the field. The collected field data in Raspberry-Pi were transmitted and stored on a web server database through a commercial communications wireless network. Results: In laboratory tests, it was found that the SEN0193 sensor voltage reading increased significantly with an increase in soil bulk density. A linear calibration equation was developed between voltage and soil moisture content depending on the farm soil bulk density. In field tests, the SEN0193 sensor showed linearity (R = 0.76 and 0.73) between output voltage and moisture content; however, the other two sensors showed no linearity, indicating that site-specific calibration is important for accurate sensing. In the long-term monitoring results, it was observed that the measured climate temperature was almost the same as website information. Soil temperature information was higher than the values measured by DS18B20 during spring and summer. However, the local rainfall measured using TR 525M was significantly different from the values on the website. Conclusion: Based on the test results obtained using the developed monitoring system, it is thought that the measurement of various parameters using one device would be helpful in monitoring plum growth. Field data from the local farm monitoring system can be coupled with website information from the weather station and used more efficiently.
( Tangina Akhter ),( Mohammod Ali ),( Seong-jin Park ),( Gwang-shim Kim ),( Hyuck-joo Kim* ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.2
This study evaluated the characteristics of plum farm (Gyewol and Haeryong, Suncheon) using a developed Data Acquisition System (DAQ) which was able to continuously monitor soil and climatic properties. Collected data in Raspberry-Pi were transmitted and stored to database through commercialized wireless network. The DAQ is consist of one Raspberry pi, modem and ADC board with multiple sensors (Soil moisture content (SEN0193), soil temperature (DS18B20), climatic temperature and humidity (DHT 22), rainguage (TR 525i)). For analysis of the SEN0193 sensor, two commercial moisture sensors (SMS-BTA and WT-1000 B) were used in field. Linear calibration equation was developed for SEN0193 sensor with voltage reading and soil moisture content (% w.b). In field test SEN0193 sensor shows linearity (R=0.76 and 0.73) on the basis of dry oven soil moisture content (relative reference value) whereas other two sensors have no linearity. In website data, soil temperature, rainfall, humidity, climate temperature has variation with DS18B20, TR-525i and DHT22 sensors reading. This is possible Because specific farm data will be vary with the total area. Based on the results through developed monitoring system, various parameter measurement within one device would be helpful for plum growth monitoring.
Development of Data Acquisition System for Plum (Prunus mume) Growth Monitoring
( Tangina Akhter ),( Seong-jin Park ),( Jong-ho Lee ),( Seong-yoon Cho ),( Mohammod Ali ),( Gwang-shim Kim ),( Hong-joon Park ),( Hyuck-joo Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2017 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.22 No.2
The Plum fruit cultivation is increasing day by day in all over the Korea. A low power device was developed using raspberry pi board with wireless network which is very easy to use in farm (Gyewol & Haeryong) for IOT based plum fruit monitoring. The device is consisting with a raspberry pi, one pocket wireless modem, one ADC board and sensors (Soil moisture content, Soil temperature, Soil electrical conductivity, Soil P<sup>H</sup>, Atmospheric temperature and humidity). The system including a local Wireless Sensor Network with multiple sensor to acquire soil and climatic parameters and transmitted field data to web server. The factors affecting the plum productivity including soil moisture content, soil temperature, soil electrical conductivity (EC), soil P<sup>H</sup>, atmospheric temperature and humidity respectively. On the basis of data collection, the soil moisture content, soil temperature, atmospheric temperature and humidity were lower in the Gyewol farm comparing to Haeryong farm. The P<sup>H</sup> of the soil was higher in Haeryong farm, but soil EC value was lower in that farm. On the other hand, citric acid which is a functional substance, was continuously increased in all cultivar. As a result of short time observation, it is difficult to identify the correlation between growth and quality of plum. In the future, if more related data are gathered, we can find some solution to improve productivity and quality of plum in korea.
Akhter, Tangina,Ali, Mohammod,Cha, Jaeyoon,Park, Seong-Jin,Jang, Gyeang,Yang, Kyu-Won,Kim, Hyuck-Joo Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery 2018 바이오시스템공학 Vol.43 No.4
Purpose: To continuously monitor soil and climatic properties, a data acquisition system (DAQ) was developed and tested in plum farms (Gyewol-ri and Haechang-ri, Suncheon, Korea). Methods: The DAQ consisted of a Raspberry-Pi processor, a modem, and an ADC board with multiple sensors (soil moisture content (SEN0193), soil temperature (DS18B20), climatic temperature and humidity (DHT22), and rainfall gauge (TR-525M)). In the laboratory, various tests were conducted to calibrate SEN0193 at different soil moistures, soil temperatures, depths, and bulk densities. For performance comparison of the SEN0193 sensor, two commercial moisture sensors (SMS-BTA and WT-1000B) were tested in the field. The collected field data in Raspberry-Pi were transmitted and stored on a web server database through a commercial communications wireless network. Results: In laboratory tests, it was found that the SEN0193 sensor voltage reading increased significantly with an increase in soil bulk density. A linear calibration equation was developed between voltage and soil moisture content depending on the farm soil bulk density. In field tests, the SEN0193 sensor showed linearity (R = 0.76 and 0.73) between output voltage and moisture content; however, the other two sensors showed no linearity, indicating that site-specific calibration is important for accurate sensing. In the long-term monitoring results, it was observed that the measured climate temperature was almost the same as website information. Soil temperature information was higher than the values measured by DS18B20 during spring and summer. However, the local rainfall measured using TR 525M was significantly different from the values on the website. Conclusion: Based on the test results obtained using the developed monitoring system, it is thought that the measurement of various parameters using one device would be helpful in monitoring plum growth. Field data from the local farm monitoring system can be coupled with website information from the weather station and used more efficiently.
Development of a Real-time Measurement Program on the Size of Plum (Prunus mume) by 3D Images
( Gyeong Jang ),( Tangina Akhter ),( Seong-jin Park ),( Mohammod Ali ),( Gwang-sim Kim ),( Jaeyoon Cha ),( Hoon Seonwoo ),( Yeong-hwan Bae ),( Hyuck-joo Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1
Plums (prunus mumes) are known as an effective healthy food. Thereby, their domestic demands increased gradually, and the industry related to plum processing is also expanding. In order to improve the quality of plums and to reduce losses in production, it should be sure to avoid them to Eurytomidae, the most damaging insect. However, it is difficult to distinguish infection with the naked eye, since the larvae of Eurytomidae are inside the nucleus of the plums. Therefore, prevention of them with a remote diagnostic system to monitor the size of plums by growth stages is required. In this study, a program to measure plum sizes through 3D images was developed to improve the ability to predict optimum timing for extermination. The experiment used the Xbox Kinect 2.0 sensor, allowing simultaneous measurement of color image and depth information. To identify the plums in images obtained by Kinect 2.0 camera. Because plum shape is round, we used the imfindcircles function, which is implemented in MATLAB R2017b for the circular hough transform. However, it is difficult to recognize plums by untreated images. Hence, we adjust the sensitivity and edges of the algorithms. The edge detection algorithm was performed before circle-finding algorithm. In addition, we developed and performed algorithms using color information to remove non-fruit parts and leave green plums only. As a result, recognition success rate was 55.3% (26 Normal Recognition / All 47 objects), and error rate was 7.1% (2 recognitions error / All 28 recognition). By looking at the depth image and obtaining the depth information manually, the number of pixels corresponding to the diameter of the recognized object is multiplied by the spatial resolution per pixel. As a result, plum sizes were estimated with 9.2% error rate, limited to plums identified in color images. However, in order to collect real-time size information of plums in a field scan quickly, it is necessary to improve object recognition and the acquisition rate of depth information by complementing the imaging conditions, analysis algorithms, and algorithm designs to represent color images and depth images entered in Kinect 2.0 in the same coordinate system and Sensor Calibration. With Information and Communication Technology (ICT) convergence system, it is possible to establish optimum timing to control based on understanding the growth of plums and harmful insects. These attempt to graft ICT technologies into the agricultural sector to respond to changes of the 4th industrial revolution in the world is judged that it is possible to boost the competitiveness of Korean agriculture and to function as a catalyst for promoting fused research by combining engineering technology with pest ecology research to improve the productivity of fruit trees and horticulture.