방풍림의 효용과 조성

김종성,손요환 고려대학교 자연자원연구소 2000 自然資源科學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

질소와 인 시비가 소나무 , 일본잎갈나무 , 자작나무 묘목의 양분이용효율에 미치는 영향

홍성각,손요환,김영걸,신정아 한국환경농학회 1999 한국환경농학회지 Vol.18 No.4

소나무, 일본잎갈남, 자작나무 묘목을 대상으로 온실 내에서 질소와 인 비료를 사용하고, 묘목 생체량, 잎, 줄기, 뿌리 등의 부위별 양분 농도, 그리고 양분이용효율에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 대부분의 경우 시비가 묘목의 생체량 변화에 미치는 효과는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 시비 후 묘목 내 부위별 질소와 인 농도는 증가하였다. 이러한 결과는 시비가 묘목을 양분 과다 이용상태에 이르게 한 것으로 사료되었다. 양분이용효율은 지상부와 지하부 생체량에 대한 묘목 내 양분 함량의 비로 계산하였는데, 시비 후 질소와 인의 이용효율은 소나무와 자작나무에서 감소하였으나, 일본 잎갈나무에서는 변화를 보이지 않았다. 수종별 양분이용효율은 자작나무에서 가장 높고, 소나무와 일본잎갈나무의 순으로 점차 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. Biomass, tissue (foliage, stem. and root) nutrient concentration, and nutrient use efficiency (NUE) were determined for 1-year-old Pinus densiflora, Larix leptolepis and Betula platyphvlla var. japonica seedlings in a greenhouse under nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization treatments. There were no consistent patterns in the effect of fertilization on seedling growth, however, in most cases the addition of N and P had no stimulating effect on biomass. In general, seedling tissue N and P concentrations increased after fertilization. It appeared that fertilization induced luxury nutrient consumption because uptake was increased without altering biomass. The NUE. calculated as the ratio between total above and belowground production and nutrient content in seedlings, decreased with increasing N and P supply for P. densiflora and B. platyphylla var. japonica while that for L. leptolepisthe did not change. B. platyphylla var. japonica had the highest NUE, L. leptolepis the lowest, with P. densiflora having the intermediate NUE.

질소 (窒素) 시비 (施肥)와 간벌 (間伐)이 잣나무 당년생 침엽과 소지의 생장 및 양분에 미치는 영향

손요환(Yo Whan Son),황재우(Jae Woo Hwang),이도형(Do Hyeung Lee),김종성(Jong Sung Kim),양수영(Soo Young Yang) 한국산림과학회 2001 한국산림과학회지 Vol.90 No.1

To investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilization and thinning on growth and nutrition of current-year needle and twigs in Pinus koraiensis we treated two clone banks with three levels of nitrogen fertilizer in Yongin and Chuncheon, and also thinned two plantations with three intensities in Yangpyeong. The fertilization and thinning effects greatly varied depending on study sites and stand ages. However, dry weights of needle and twig increased following low nitrogen fertilization in older stands. Moderate thinning increased dry weight and nitrogen concentration of twigs in the 12-year-old stand.

리기다소나무와 낙엽송 인공조림지의 (人工造林地) 지상부 생체량 , 질소와 인의 분포 및 낙엽에 관한 연구

김종성(Jong Sung Kim),손요환(Yo WHan Son),임주훈(Joo Hoon Lim),김진수(Zin Suh Kim) 한국산림과학회 1996 한국산림과학회지 Vol.85 No.3

Aboveground biomass, distribution of N and P in tree components, forest floor and the top 20cm of mineral soil, and litterfall were determined in adjacent 37-year-old plantations of Pinus rigida Mill. and Larix leptolepis Gord. on a sandy clay loam soil in Yangpyeong, Kyonggi Province. Total above-ground tree biomass for P. rigida and L. leptolepis were 138,2 and 127.2 t/ha, respectively, and did not differ between the two species. Nitrogen concentrations in stembark and foliage were all greater in L. leptolepis. Understory biomass contributed less than 2.0% of the total aboveground biomass lbut contributed up to 12.0% of the aboveground nutrient contents. Soil below L. leptolepis had higher concentrations of N and P. Total ecosystem N content (㎏/㏊) was greater for L. leptolepis (5,579) than P. rigida (4,147). Litterfall dry mass (㎏/㏊/yr) was greater for P. rigida (6,020) than L. leptoteliis (4,191) whereas N contents in leaf litterfall (㎏/㏊/yr) was almost twice as large in L. leptolepis (28) than P. rigida (16). This common garden experiment suggests a strong influence of tree species on nutrient distribution and cycling in a forest ecosystem.

양평지역 리기다소나무 , 낙엽송 , 졸참나무의 allometry 와 임관동태 연구

김종성(Jong Sung Kim),손요환(Yo WHan Son),김진수(Zin Suh Kim) 한국산림과학회 1995 한국산림과학회지 Vol.84 No.2

Site - specific allometric equations relating aboveground tree component biomass and leaf area to tree diameter, basal area, sapwood cross - sectional area and sapwood volume were developed using the destructive harvesting method for Pinus rigida Mill., Larix leptolepis Gordon, and Quercus serrata Thunb. stands in Yangpyeong, Kyonggi Province. There were significantly strong correlations between aboveground tree component biomass or leaf area and diameter at breast height (DBH), basal area, sapwood area and sapwood volume. For a similar diameter tree, the three species had a similar stem wood biomass. However, carbon allocation patterns to stem bark, foliage, branch and total aboveground biomass differed among the three species. Specific leaf area and the ratio of leaf area to sapwood cross - sectional area of the three species were significantly different. Allometric equations seemed To be related to leaf habit or leaf longevity. To elucidate the effect of leaf habit or leaf longevity on allometry and canopy characteristics clearly, more intensive studies are needed.

등방성 핏치의 용융 방사시 연신거동

이보성,주창환,윤요림 한국화학공학회 1989 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.27 No.4

핏치의 연신거동을 규명하기 위하여 연신점도를 새로운 방법으로 측정하였다. 새로이 제시된 연신력 측정 방법은 허용 오차 3.6%이내에서 신뢰성이 검증되었으며, 핏치 방사시 실측한 장력은 순수 연신에 의한 유변학적 힘임을 밝혀내었다. 또한 핏치의 연신거동을 점탄성 이론 모델식에 의해 계산된 값과 실험값을 비교 검토한 결과, 핏치의 연신점도는 연신율에 무관하고 전단점도의 세배가 되는 거동을 보임으로써 등방성 핏치의 방사성은 탄성 효과보다 점성효과에 의존함을 알 수 있었고, 아울러 점탄성 이론 모델식으로 계산한 연신점도는 relaxation time이 0에 접근할 때 0.6% 오차범위 내에서 실험값과 잘 일치함을 확인할 수 있었다. A newly developed method for the measurement of extensional viscosity was introduced to investigate the extensional behavior of pitch during melt spinning. The confidence of this method was confirmed with the 3.6% of tolerance limit. The theoretical equation based on the viscoelastic model to calculate the extensional viscosity was proposed and its results were compared with experimental data. The spinnabilily of the isotropic pitch would be depended more viscous rather than elastic effect sinces the extensional viscosity found was of pitch independent of drawing ratio. During the melt spinning of pitch, measured force was rhelogical force by the extension. Therefore, innertia, gravity, air drag force was negligible.

새로운 백금 착체(2) 화합물의 흰쥐 혈장에서 대사체 확인

김종환(Jong Whan Kim),조요나(Yo Na Jo),노영수(Young Soo Rho),서성훈(Seong Hoon Seo),정지창(Jee Chang Jung),장성구(Sung Goo Chang),이규홍(Kyoe Heung Lee),이주한(Joo Han Lee),이경태(Kyung Tae Lee) 한국약제학회 1998 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.28 No.3

N/A KHPC-002[(trans-l-diaminocyclohexane-bis-1,2(diphenylphosphinoethane)platinum)·2NO₃] and KHPC-006[(cis-diaminocyclohexane-bis-1,2(diphenylphosphinoethane)platinum)·2NO₃] were synthesized as candidates for third platinum antitumor agent. Before their pharmacokinetic study, we optimized the analytical condition with HPLC and identified the major metabolites in the rat plasma. HPLC analysis by C_(18) reverse-phase column showed that standard peak of both compounds appeared rapidly at around 1 minutes, whereas metabolites of KHPC-002 and KHPC-006 which were extracted from plasma after single I.V. administration in rats or incubation for 24 hr at 37℃ showed retention time of 10∼11 minutes. These metabolites were identified as the major compound by Matrix Associated Laser Deposition/Ionization (MALDI), which only lose the 2 molecules of NO₃. Based on these results, we suggest that the major metabolites of KHPC-002 and KHPC-006 were [trans-l-diamino-cyclohexane-bis-1, 2(diphenylphosphinoethane)platinum] and [cis-diaminocyclohexane-bis-1,2(diphenylphosphinoethane)platinum], respectively.

개량된 토양 코어 시료 채취기

황재홍,손요완,김중성 한국임학회 2001 한국산림과학회지 Vol.90 No.6

An improved double-cylinder hammer-driven sampling device was designed to extract undisturbed soil cores. The improvements consist of 1) separation of hammer from the driving head, 2) a split inside cylinder, and 3) a plastic sample holder. Pushing the sampler deep into the soil before hammering would result in less compression of the sample. Core samples should be taken in soils of medium moisture content. The improved soil core sampler provides sufficiently accurate volumetric soil samples with original soil layers and soil cores of 40㎝ in length and 5㎝ in diameter.

도시형 삼림욕장의 환경 , 욕장식물의 탐색과 온도 및 광주기 반응

김종진,홍성각,강병근,임형탁,손요환 한국임학회 1999 한국산림과학회지 Vol.88 No.4

The studies were carried out to develop an urban forest aromatic bath in the idle space within city area for handicapped persons, patients and city workers, who having less chance to visit the natural forest aromatic bath. The environmental conditions were checked in the experimental double vinyl house where native and exotic aromatic woody and herbaceous plants were growing with minimum energy input in the periods of mid-winter and mid-summer. The growth and photoperiodic responses of the plants to the low and high temperatures were observed during winter and summer respectively. The most of herbaceous plants in the double vinyl house with the controlled minimum night temperature of -2℃ had no winter injury but did not grow and started the growth in April. The exotic herbs such as Catnip faassen's(Nepeta x faassenia) and Lemon bergamot(Monarda citriodora) grew better in the longer photoperiodic conditions. The growth rates of Abies koreana, Thuja koraiensis and Pinus sylvestriformis in the early spring were affected mainly by the night minimum temperature and less affected by the photoperiodic conditions during winter. The native aromatic herbs such as Robdosia japonica, Molsa punctulata, Agastache rugosa and Codonopsis lanceolata showed stimulatory growth at the 16 hours day-length in case of the high temperature vinyl hose: The height and root collar diameter growth of pine seedlings were inhibited in maxim temperatures over 40℃ during summer.

Carbon Storage of Pure and Mixed Pine-Deciduous Oak Forests in Gwangneung, Central Korea

Lee, Sue-Kyoung,Son, Yo-Whan,Noh, Nam-Jin,Yoon, Tae-Kyung,Lee, Ah-Reum,Seo, Kyung-Won,Hwang, Jae-Hong,Bae, Sang-Won The Ecological Society of Korea 2009 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.32 No.4

This study was conducted to determine the carbon (C) contents in different mixed stands of P. dens if/ora and deciduous oak species in Gwangneung, central Korea. Five mixed stands with different ratios of P. densiflora and deciduous oak species were chosen based on the basal area of all trees ${\geq}\;5cm$ DBH: pure P. densiflora (P100D0), 70% P. densiflora + 30% deciduous oak species (P70D30), 44% P. densiflora + 56% deciduous oak species (P50D50), 37% P. densiflora + 63% deciduous oak species (P40D60), and 10% P. densiflora + 90% deciduous oak species (P10D90). Total C contents in the overstory (aboveground and belowground) vegetation were higher in the mixed stands (P70D30, P50D50, P40D60) than in the pure stands (P100D0, P10D90). Moreover, except for P40D60, C contents of forest floor (litter and coarse woody debris) were larger in the mixed stands (P70D30, P50D50) than in the pure stands. However, total soil C contents up to 30cm depth were highest in the pure deciduous oak stand than in the pure P. densiflora stand and mixed stands. Total ecosystem C contents (Mg/ha) were 163.3 for P100D0, 152.3 for P70D30, 188.8 for P50D50, 160.2 for P40D60, and 150.4 for P10D90, respectively. These differences in total ecosystem C contents among the different mixed stands for P. densiflora and deciduous oak species within the study stands were attributed by the differences in vegetation development and forest management practices. Among the five study stands, the total ecosystem C contents were maximized in the 1:1 mixed ratio of P. densiflora and deciduous oak species (P50D50).