<i>Scutellaria baicalensis</i> Extracts and Flavonoids Protect Rat L6 Cells from Antimycin A-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Im, A-Rang,Kim, Young-Hwa,Uddin, Md. Romij,Lee, Hye Won,Chae, Seong Wook,Kim, Yun Hee,Jung, Woo Suk,Kang, Bong Ju,Mun, Chun Sun,Lee, Mi-Young Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2012 No.-

<P>Antimycin A (AMA) damages mitochondria by inhibiting mitochondrial electron transport and can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS formation, aging, and reduction of mitochondrial biogenesis contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction. The present study sought to investigate extracts of <I>Scutellaria baicalensis</I> and its flavonoids (baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin), whether they could protect mitochondria against oxidative damage. The viability of L6 cells treated with AMA increased in the presence of flavonoids and extracts of <I>S. baicalensis</I>. ATP production decreased in the AMA treated group, but increased by 50% in cells treated with flavonoids (except wogonin) and extracts of <I>S. baicalensis</I> compared to AMA-treated group. AMA treatment caused a significant reduction (depolarized) in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), whereas flavonoid treatment induced a significant increase in MMP. Mitochondrial superoxide levels increased in AMA treated cells, whereas its levels decreased when cells were treated with flavonoids or extracts of <I>S. baicalensis</I>. L6 cells treated with flavonoids and extracts of <I>S. baicalensis</I> increased their levels of protein expression compared with AMA-treated cells, especially water extracts performed the highest levels of protein expression. These results suggest that the <I>S. baicalensis</I> extracts and flavonoids protect against AMA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing ATP production, upregulating MMP, and enhancing mitochondrial function.</P>

Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Akebia quinata Decne

A-Ram Rim,Sun-Jung Kim,Kyung-Im Jeon,Eunju Park,Hae-Ryong Park,Seung-Cheol Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.11 No.1

Antioxidant activity of Akebia quinata Decne was evaluated. Water extract (0.5 g/ 50 mL) of flowers and leaves of A. quinata were prepared and total phenol contents and radical scavenging activity of the extracts was determined for antioxidant activity. The total phenol contents of extracts from A. quinata flowers (FAQ) and leaves (LAQ) were 30.05 μM and 20.23 μM, while the radical scavenging activity of FAQ and LAQ were 60.51% and 52.97%, respectively. In addition, the effect of FAQ and LAQ extract on DNA damage induced by H₂O₂ in human lymphocytes was evaluated by comet assay. The FAQ and LAQ showed strong inhibitory effect against DNA damage induced by 200 μM of H₂O₂. These results suggest that water extracts of A. quinata Decne flowers and leaves showed significant (p<0.05) antioxidant activity and protective effect against oxidative DNA damage.

Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Akebia quinata Decne

A-Ram Rim,Sun-Jung Kim,Kyung-Im Jeon,박은주,Hae-Ryong Park,Seung-Cheol Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.11 No.2

Antioxidant activity of Akebia quinata Decne was evaluated. Water extract (0.5 g/ 50 mL) of flowers and leaves of A. quinata were prepared and total phenol contents and radical scavenging activity of the extracts was determined for antioxidant activity. The total phenol contents of extracts from A. quinata flowers (FAQ) and leaves (LAQ) were 30.05 M and 20.23 M, while the radical scavenging activity of FAQ and LAQ were 60.51% and 52.97%, respectively. In addition, the effect of FAQ and LAQ extract on DNA damage induced by H2O2 in human lymphocytes was evaluated by comet assay. The FAQ and LAQ showed strong inhibitory effect against DNA damage induced by 200 M of H2O2. These results suggest that water extracts of A. quinata Decne flowers and leaves showed significant (p<0.05) antioxidant activity and protective effect against oxidative DNA damage.

Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Akebia quinata Decne

Rim, A-Ram,Kim, Sun-Jung,Jeon, Kyung-Im,Park, Eun-Ju,Park, Hae-Ryong,Lee, Seung-Cheol The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2006 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.11 No.1

Antioxidant activity of Akebia quinata Decne was evaluated. Water extract (0.5 g/50 mL) of flowers and leaves of A. quinata were prepared and total phenol contents and radical scavenging activity of the extracts was determined for antioxidant activity. The total phenol contents of extracts from A. quinata flowers (FAQ) and leaves (LAQ) were $30.05{\mu}M\;and\;20.23{\mu}M$, while the radical scavenging activity of FAQ and LAQ were 60.51 % and 52.97%, respectively. In addition, the effect of FAQ and LAQ extract on DNA damage induced by $H_2O_2$ in human lymphocytes was evaluated by comet assay. The FAQ and LAQ showed strong inhibitory effect against DNA damage induced by $200{\mu}M$ of $H_2O_2$. These results suggest that water extracts of A. quinata Decne flowers and leaves showed significant (p<0.05) antioxidant activity and protective effect against oxidative DNA damage.

보문 : 큰느타리버섯 갓우수 품종 육종

임착한 ( Chak Han Im ),김민근 ( Min Keun Kim ),제희정 ( Hee Jung Je ),김경희 ( Kyung Hee Kim ),김선영 ( Sun Young Kim ),김계자 ( Kye Ja Kim ),박성자 ( Sung Ja Park ),하영아 ( Young A Ha ),김미진 ( Mi Jin Kim ),김설화 ( Sul Ha Kim 한국균학회 2012 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.40 No.3

갓모양이 우수한 계통과 대길이가 길고 속성형질을 가진 계통을 모본으로부터 교배육종으로 두 가지 형질을 모두 가진 우수품종을 육성하고자 하였다. 낮은 갓명도 형질의 동형접합체를 만들기 위하여 KNR2312 유래 단핵균사들로 자가교배를 실시하여 갓명도가 45.2, 품질이 6.5인 중간모본 KNR2312-2636-10 × 18을 선발하였고, 이를 A8B10(나) 유래 단핵균사와 이종교배 하였다. 이후 낮은 품질을 개선하기 위하여 KNR2312 유래 단핵균사와 여교배를 실시하여 갓명도가 49.5, 품질이 7.3 수확량이 95.1 g인 가5나5KNR2312-47KNR2312-12 × 38 계통을 선발하였다. 선발된 계통은 갓모양이 우수하고 특히 갓끝이 24mm로 다듬기나 유통중 파손이 적을 것으로 사료된다. Two strains Pleurotus eryngii KNR2312 and A8B10 (Na) which have good traits in cap quality and speedy growing were selected to breed a new strain carrying the two traits. KNR2312-2636-10 × 18 (Ga) with 45.2 cap lightness and 6.5 quality was breeded by a consecutive inbreeding between KNR2312-derived monokaryons. Ga5 × Na5 came from outcrossing between Ga and Na was backcrossed with KNR2312-derived monokaryons twice to improve quality in cap color and shape. Therethrough Ga5NaKNR2312-47KNR2312-12 × 38 carrying lightness of 49.5, quality of 7.3 and weight of 95.1 g was selected. The selected strain possesses good quality and dark color of cap. Especially its edge is 24 mm thick, therefore it is not likely damaged during processing and distribution.

Immunomodulatory Effects of Hypocrellin A on MHC-restricted Antigen Processing

Park, Sun-Im,Im, Sun-A,Kim, Ki-Hyang,Lee, Chong-Kil The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2011 Immune Network Vol.11 No.6

Hypocrellin A has gained much attention in recent years due to its light-induced antitumor, antifungal and antiviral activities. Here we report that hypocrellin A exerts immunomodulatory effects on MHC-restricted presentation of antigen. Hypocrellin A inhibited class II-MHC restricted presentation of exogenous antigen, but not class I MHC-restricted presentation of exogenous antigen, in dendritic cells. Hypocrellin A also inhibited the cytosolic pathway of endogenous antigen presentation. However, hypocrellin A did not inhibit the expression of class I and class II MHC molecules on dendritic cells (DCs), the phagocytic activity of DCs, or the $H-2K^b$-restricted presentation of a synthetic peptide, SIINFEKL. These results show that hypocrellin A differentially modulates the MHC-restricted antigen presentation pathways.

In Vitro Culture of Rat Primary Hepatocytes Employing Monolayer and Spheroid Culture Environments

Imran Ullah,Yeongji Kim,Malgum Lim,Keon Bong Oh,Seongsoo Hwang,Yurianna Shin,Youngim Kim,Gi-Sun Im,Tai-Young Hur,Sun A Ock 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.41 No.2

Primary hepatocytes (PH) are considered as “gold standard” for drug screening because of its ability to express the entire set of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Hepatocytes culturing and maintaining their hepatocyte fate in vitro is one of the major issue from last decade. The main problem in hepatocytes in vitro culturing is that, these cells rapidly loss their hepatic morphology and liver specific function in culture condition. In the present study, we isolated rat PH and cultured in monolayer (2D) as well as spheroid (3D) culture system. The 2D cultured PH hepatocyte showed an elongated hepatocyte morphology while, 3D cultured PH showed spheroid morphology with gradual decrease in diameter up to 7 days. After 7 days of in vitro culture, these cells were analyzed for the expression of hepatic markers (Alb, Tf, Afp) and apoptotic markers (Bax, Bcl2). Furthermore, PH in both culture systems was induced with two inducers i.e. 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC, Cyp1a specific inducer) and dexamethasone (Cyp3a specific inducer) for 48 and 72 hours, respectively. The mRNA level of Cyp1a and Cyp3a were analyzed in induced (3-MC, dexamethasone) and non-induced PH, respectively. After 7 days in vitro culture, PH showed dramatic down regulation of hepatic markers in both culture systems. Furthermore, expression of apoptotic markers was higher in 2D cultured PH as compared to 3D. Cyp1a and Cyp3a mRNA level showed higher RNA content in 2D culture PH after 48 of induction. Therefore, we concluded that there was no significant difference found in two culture system and further studies are needed to find out the essential components for PH in vitro culture rather than culture system.

Nanoliposomes of L-lysine-conjugated poly(aspartic acid) Increase the Generation and Function of Bone Marrowderived Dendritic Cells

Im, Sun-A,Kim, Ki-Hyang,Ji, Hong-Geun,Yu, Hyoung-Gyoung,Park, Sun-Ki,Lee, Chong-Kil The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2011 Immune Network Vol.11 No.5

Background: Biodegradable polymers have increasingly been recognized for various biological applications in recent years. Here we examined the immunostimulatory activities of the novel poly(aspartic acid) conjugated with L-lysine (PLA). Methods: PLA was synthesized by conjugating L-lysine to aspartic acid polymer. PLA-nanoliposomes (PLA-NLs) were prepared from PLA using a microfluidizer. The immunostimulatory activities of PLA-NLs were examined in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs). Results: PLA-NLs increased the number of BM-DCs when added to cultures of GM-CSF-induced DC generation on day 4 after the initiation of cultures. Examination of the phenotypic properties showed that BM-DCs generated in the presence of PLA-NLs are more mature in terms of the expression of MHC class II molecules and major co-stimulatory molecules than BM-DCs generated in the absence of PLA-NLs. In addition, the BM-DCs exhibited enhanced capability to produce cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-12, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$. Allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions also confirmed that the BMDCs were more stimulatory on allogeneic T cells. PLA- NL also induced further growth of immature BM-DCs that were harvested on day 8. Conclusion: These results show that PLA-NLs induce the generation and functional activities of BM-DCs, and suggest that PLA-NLs could be immunostimulating agents that target DCs.

Processed <i>Aloe vera</i> Gel Ameliorates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunotoxicity

Im, Sun-A,Kim, Ki-Hyang,Kim, Hee-Suk,Lee, Ki-Hwa,Shin, Eunju,Do, Seon-Gil,Jo, Tae Hyung,Park, Young In,Lee, Chong-Kil MDPI 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.15 No.11

<P>The effects of processed <I>Aloe vera</I> gel (PAG) on cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced immunotoxicity were examined in mice. Intraperitoneal injection of CP significantly reduced the total number of lymphocytes and erythrocytes in the blood. Oral administration of PAG quickly restored CP-induced lymphopenia and erythropenia in a dose-dependent manner. The reversal of CP-induced hematotoxicity by PAG was mediated by the functional preservation of Peyer’s patch cells. Peyer’s patch cells isolated from CP-treated mice, which were administered PAG, produced higher levels of T helper 1 cytokines and colony-stimulating factors (CSF) in response to concanavalin A stimulation as compared with those isolated from CP-treated control mice. PAG-derived polysaccharides directly activated Peyer’s patch cells isolated from normal mice to produce cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, interferon-γ, granulocyte-CSF, and granulocyte-macrophage-CSF. The cytokines produced by polysaccharide-stimulated Peyer’s patch cells had potent proliferation-inducing activity on mouse bone marrow cells. In addition, oral administration of PAG restored IgA secretion in the intestine after CP treatment. These results indicated that PAG could be an effective immunomodulator and that it could prevent CP-induced immunotoxic side effects.</P>

Gastroprotective and Ulcer-Healing Effects of Processed Aloe vera Gel

Sun-A Im,Ho-Hyun Jung,Sang-Hyun Kim,Eunju Shin,Chong-Kil Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2018 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2018 No.10