Effect of Non-animal-Derived Nitrogen Sources on the Production of Hyaluronic Acid by Streptococcus sp. KL0188

Lee, Gil-Yong,Ha, Suk-Jin,Jung, Jong-Hyun,Seo, Dong-Ho,Park, Jong-Yul,Kim, Su-Rin,Park, Nam-Woo,Kweon, Dong-Keon,Park, Sang-Hoo,Park, Cheon-Seok The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.3

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a linear high-molecular-weight polysaccharide with useful biomedical applications. Streptococcus zooepidemicus, a typical HA-producing bacterium, requires an animal-derived nitrogen source such as tryptone, peptone or sheep blood as a nutrient. Sixteen non-animal-derived (NAD) nitrogen sources were tested as a replacement for the expensive animal-derived nitrogen sources, which may have safety issues. Among the sixteen tested NAD nitrogen sources, a yeast-derived nitrogen source (YE 0251) showed the highest HA productivity, which was equivalent to the control HA production medium containing tryptone in a 5-L jar and in 3,000-L industrial fermentations. In the 3,000-L fermentation, YE 0251 increased cell mass (dry cell weight) and HA production by 11% and 8%, respectively, compared with the control HA production medium. The fmal specific volumetric productivity (0.41 g/L h) was improved by about 70% after reducing the fermentation time from 20 h to 12 h, compared to the conventional production medium.

콩의 동화기관과 수용기관의 능력평가

Suk Ha Lee,Yeul Gue Seung,Seok Dong Kim 韓國作物學會 1995 Korean journal of crop science Vol.40 No.2

콩의 수량에 대한 광합성 기관(source)과 광합성생물 수용기관(sink)이 미치는 영향을 살펴 보고자, 꼬투리의 크기에 비하여 종실 건물면적이 불량한 수집검정콩인 강릉재래 밀 금릉재래, 꼬투리의 비대가 충실한 백운콩 및 수원 168호를 공시하였다. 두 수준의 재식밀도(ha당 55,000, 110,000 개체)와 개화기 이후 등숙 기간 중 차광막을 설치하여 광합성 능력에 관여하는 환경요인을 변화시킴으로써 나타나는 건물중분배 및 개체수량 반응을 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 지상부 및 종실건물중의 품종간 광합성능력 변화를 위한 재식밀도 및 차광시 처리간 유의적인 차이가 인정되었고 품종 및 처리간 유의적인 상호작용 효과도 있었다. 2. 지상부 총건물중에 대한 종실건물중 비율은 품종간 차이가 인정되어, 수원 168호가 가장 높았으며, 광합성 능력을 변화시키기 위한 처리 가운데 극히 광이 부족한S2 를 제외한 나머지 세 처리간 차이는 없었다. 3. 등숙기간중에수량을 위한 source와 sink 능력을 광합성 기관 제한정도(source limitation value)에 의하여 품종간 비교하여 보면, 꼬투리에 종실이 충분히 면적되는 수원 168호는 source가, 수집검정콩인 강릉재래나 금릉재래는 sink의 기능이 수량에 있어서 제한요인으로 작용하였다

콩의 식품적 의의 및 생산수급과 식용콩의 자급 향상

이홍석,이영호,이석하 대한민국 학술원 2011 학술원논문집 : 자연과학편 Vol.50 No.2

콩은 단백질 공급을 비롯하여 영양가가 높아 예로부터 우리의 중요 식품으로 널리 다양하게 이용하여 왔을 뿐 아니라 지속적인 밭작물 재배를 가능케 하는 중요한 역할을 하여 왔으며, 최근에는 건강식품으로 또 친환경 농업 작물로 주목을 받고 있다. 콩은 세계적으로 99,501천ha에서 223,185천톤(2,243kg/ha)이 생산되고 그의 35.5% (35,130백만불)가 수출되고 그 중 43%는 미국 콩이, 96.5%는 미대륙 생산 콩이 수출되고 있으며, 수입의 반 정도는 중국이, 37.6% 정도는 유럽의 선진국과 일본 등 10여 개국에서 각각 수입하고 있고, 우리나라도 10번째의 수입국이며 세계적 소비수요는 계속 증가되고 있다. 우리나라는 1968년의 313,501ha의 재배에서 계속 감소하여 현재는 75,242ha에서 132,674톤이 생산되고 1,261천톤이 수입되었으며, 전체 자급률은 수요량 1,333천톤의 8.6%, 식용 및 기타는 수요량 387천톤의 29.5%에 불과하다. 콩, 특히 식용콩의 증산에 의한 자급율 향상은 경지정리 및 주산단지 조성을 통한 생력기계화 재배를 전제로 첫째, 밭의 작부체계 개선 둘째, 논의 밭 전환재배 셋째, 북한의 동해안 지대의 밭을 장기임대하여 재배하고 그 대가를 쌀 지원으로 하는 것이며 넷째는 인접국에서 밭을 매입 또는 장기 임대하여 생산 공급하는 방법 등을 생각할 수 있을 것이다.

개발산출물의 신뢰성 측정을 위한 메트릭스의 제안과 평가

이하용,황석형,양해술 한국정보처리학회 1998 한국정보처리학회 추계 학술발표논문집 Vol.4 No.1

소프트웨어는 갈수록 대규모화, 다기능화되는 방향으로 발전하고 있다. 더불어 소프트웨어에 관한 사용자의 요구 수준도 높아지고 있으며 특히 소프트웨어의 품질에 대한 요구는 지속적으로 높아지고 있다. 이러한 사용자의 요구를 만족시킬 수 있는 방안들이 다양한 관점에서 연구되고 있다. 그중에서도 소프트웨어의 품질평가를 통해 그 결과를 개발자에게 피드백함으로써 소프트웨어의 품질을 향상시키려는 관점에서 품질평가 체계 및 방법론에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 소프트웨어의 품질에 관한 국제표준인 ISO/IEC 9126의 품질특성 중 신뢰성에 대한 품질특성, 부특성, 내부특성의 체계에 따른 메트릭스와 품질측정표를 개발함으로써 관련 내부특성의 품질평가를 통해 신뢰성에 대한 평가 결과를 산출할 수 있는 체계를 확립하고 개발산출물에 대해 평가한 결과를 제시하였다. α,ω-Bis[Co₂(CO)6{μ-η²:η²-C(R)≡C}]oligothiophene derivatives (6-10), in which two dicobalt hexacarbonyl acetylides are π-conjugated onto both terminals of the oligothiophene, were prepared by the reaction of the α,ω-bis(alkynyl)oligothiophenes (1-5) with Co₂(CO)8. The molecular structures of new compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. In cyclic voltammetry of the clusters 6-10, two oligothiophene-based oxidation processes (one for 7) occur between - 0.2 and 1.5 V, and the one reductive process of the metal cluster moieties occurs between 0.0 and - 1.6 V, which is not present for the oligothiophenes (1-5). The silence of the expected electronic communication of the clusters 6-10 may be attributed to the reduction process followed by fast chemical reactions at ambient temperature. The clusters 6-10 commonly exhibit three characteristic bands: a moderately intense, high-energy band, strong medium-energy band and weak-low energy band. The high-energy bands are attributed to the a π-π localized excitation. The medium- and low-energy bands may be ascribed to the metal-to-ligand (d□-π□) charge-transfer transitions of the cluster moiety.

콩 종실의 Lipoxygenase 활성이 발아특성에 미치는 영향

이석하 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 1999 농업생명과학연구 Vol.3 No.-

Three lipoxygenase isozymes in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds are thought to be a major contributor to lipid peroxidation and the generation of free radicals which may result in seed deterioration. This study was conducted to understand the relationship between seed lipoxygenase activity and germination and seed vigor in soybean. Two cultivars, Jinpumkong lacking lipoxygenase-2, 3 and Jinpumkong 2 lacking lipoxygenase-1, 2, 3 were evaluated for major traits of seed and germination, and were compared with the normal soybean Taekwangkong containing lipoxygenase-1, 2, 3 isozymes in seed. Seed protein and lipid contents of Jinpumkong and Jinpumkong 2 were similar to those of Taekwangkong. Jinpumkong and Jinpumkong 2 had more palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid in soybean seed than Taekwangkong, but had less stearic acid and oleic acid than Taekwangkong. Type I lipoxygenase activity (pH 9.0) of Jinpumkong lacking lipoxygenase-2, 3 was higher than that of normal Taekwangkong. Germination percentages of Jinpumkong and Jinpumkong 2 were lower than that of Taekwangkong. Electric conductivity was not significantly different in all cultivars. Using two soybean populations derived from the cross between normal Taekwangkong (Lx1Lx2Lx3) and Jinpumkong 2 (lx1lx2lx3) lacking lipoxygenase-1, 2, 3, and between normal Pureunkong (Lx1Lx2Lx3) and Jinpumkong 2 (lx1lx2lx3) lacking lipoxygenase-1, 2, 3, the effects of presence or absence of seed lipoxygenase activity on germination characteristics were evaluated. The F2 derived from the cross between normal Taekwangkong(Lx1Lx2Lx3) and Jinpumkong 2 (lx1lx2lx3) lacking lipoxygenase-1, 2, 3 fitted to a expected segregation ratio of 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 (normal : lacking L-3 : lacking L-1 and L-2 : lacking L-1, L-2 and L-3), suggesting the tight linkage between the lx1 and lx2 loci, and F8 seeds derived from the cross between normal Pureunkong (Lx1Lx2Lx3) and Jinpumkong 2 (lx1lx2lx3) lacking lipoxygenase-1, 2, 3 fitted to a expected segregation ratio of 1 : 1(L-1, L-2 : l-1, l-2 and L-3 : l-3, respectively). Germination percentages showed wide ranges but didn't differ among lipoxygenase isozyme types of F3 and F8 seeds derived from the cross between normal Taekwangkong (Lx1Lx2Lx3) and Jinpumkong 2 (lx1lx2lx3) lacking lipoxygenase-1, 2, 3, and between normal Pureunkong(Lx1Lx2Lx3) and Jinpumkong 2 (lx1lx2lx3) lacking lipoxygenase-1, 2, 3. After accelerated aging, germination percentages showed wide ranges but didn't differ among lipoxygenase isozyme types of F3 and F8 seeds derived from the cross between normal Taekwangkong (Lx1Lx2Lx3) and Jinpumkong 2 (lx1lx2lx3) lacking lipoxygenase-1, 2, 3, and between normal Pureunkong (Lx1Lx2Lx3) and Jinpumkong 2 (lx1lx2lx3) lacking lipoxygenase-1, 2, 3. Presence or absence of lipoxygenase activity showed no effect on germination percentage.

대학교육목적 실천을 위한 발전방향에 관한 연구 : 남서울대학교를 대상으로

이재하,이석열 남서울대학교 2007 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine and present advanced direction for Nam Seoul University. In order to achieve this purpose, a survey of their (professor, staff, student) awareness of the educational goal of NSU was carried out. The sample was 201, Analyzing empirical data, we found that the focus of NSU education is centered on upbring of the industrial oriented competent person. Therefore, NSU have to focus on more practical education. And the presentation of good vision of NSU is useful for growth recognition of NSU image. The direction of differentiation of NSU are informationize, globalization, diversifying etc.

건축물 외장의 배색 유형에 관한 연구 : 광주광역시 금남로 가로 건축물을 중심으로

이청웅,최석창,김양석,하주아 조선대학교 국토개발연구소 1997 국토개발연구 Vol.17 No.1

Since the urban environmental colors as a starting point of the research on environmental colors of the building depend on the environmental characteristics of the complex and various physical and social culture to improve the visual order of the urban landscape and don't establish its system and order, the importance of the visual effects of urban environment has been suggested through the experimental and theoretical research. It is to want to abstract the factor of surface pattern from the side of two dimentional physical factor and perceptual of architecture surface construction by concreting calssifing the criterion of analysis in to rank phase, perceptual concept, finding out basic composition factor of shape and opening architecture surface construction of design. To suggest the material of mere practical color design, this study examines the research of exterial colors of the building on the street, prescribes the characteristics of the building with other environmental factors which compose the colors and aims at suggesting the actual color design materials making the trend of colors the object of the research.

자연 방사선량 중 ²²²Rn 기여 성분 정량 해석

이병영,채하석,전재식,오희필,김도성 대한방사선 방어학회 1989 방사선방어학회지 Vol.14 No.2

옥외 라돈이 호흡기관에 주는 선량을 측정·평가할 목적으로 CR-39 비적검출기를 내장한 라돈컵을 사용하여 대기중 라돈농도를 측정하였다. 직접형 검출기 및 개방 컵과 필터 컵의 구조를 갖는 CR-39비적검출기에 대한 라돈검출인자는 공기중의 농도가 잘 알려진 표준라돈 조사시설에서 이들 검출기와 라돈컵을 일정기간 조사하여 결정하였다. CR-39를 70°c, 30% NaOH용액으로 220분간 화학부식하였을 때 직접형 거출기와 개방 컵, 필터 컵에 대한 라돈검출인자는 각각 0.273, 0.0813, 0.0371tr mm-2/37 Bqm-3·d)였다. 또한 1988년 5월에서 1989년 3월까지 대전(충남대학교)에서 측정한 대기중의 라돈농도는 개방 컵에 의한 결과는 27.4 - 135.8Bq/m3(0.74 - 3.67 pCi/l)로서 연평균 73.3 Bq/m3(1.98 pCi/l)이었으며, 필터 컵에 의한 결과는 16.7 - 143.9 Bq/m3(0.45 - 3.89 pCi/l)로 연평균 68.5 Bq/m3(1.85 pCi/)이었다. 측정한 옥외 대기중이 라돈농도와 부위별 폐선량모형으로부터 산출한 ICRP표준인의 호흡기관에 대한 실효 선량당량률은 약 520 nSv/h로 평가되었다. A study for the assessment of dose given by outdoor radon to respiratory system has been carried out by making use of radon-cups containing CR-39 plastic track detectors. Detection efficiencies were determined by irradiation of the radon-cups in a standard radon chamber of known concentration. Thus determined detection factors of CR-39 plastic track detector in bare, open cup and filtered cup geometry are found to be 0.273, 0.0813 and 0.0371 trmm-2/(37 Bqm-3 d), respectively, which are chemically etched in 30% NaOH solution of 70℃ for 220 minutes. The outdoor radon concentrations measured at Taejeon (Chungnam National University) from May 1988 to March 1989 are in the range of 27.4 - 135.8 Bq/m3 (0.74 - 3.67pCi/l) by open cup and 16.7 - 143.9 Bq/m3 (0.45 - 3.89pCi/l) by filtered cup, which yield overall annual average value of outdoor radon concentration of 70.8 Bq/m3 (1.91 pCi/l). Corresponding effective dose equivalent rate to respiratory system of ICRP standard man is assessed to be 520nSv/h.

콩나물 수율 및 품질에 관련된 양적형질 유전자좌 탐색

이석하 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 2000 농업생명과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

Soybean sprouts have been used as a food in the Orient since ancient times. In this study, 92 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) loci and two morphological markers (W1 and T) were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with soybean sprout-related traits in 100 F2-derived lines from the cross of 'Pureunkong' x 'Jinpumkong 2'. The genetic map consisted of 76 loci which covered about 756 cM and converged into 20 linkage groups. Eighteen markers remained unlinked. Phenotypic data were collected for hypocotyl length, seeds produced in abnormal seedlings, and sprout yield 6 days after germination at 20℃ on 1996 and 1997. Four QTLs were associated with sprout yield in the combined analysis across two years. For the QTL linked to L154 on linkage group (LG) the positive allele was derived from Pureunkong (R2=0.19), whereas at the other three QTL (A089 on LG B1, A668n on LG K, and B046 on LG L0 the positive alleles were from Jinpumkong 2. QTL conditioning seed weight were linked to markers A802n (LG B1), A069 (LG E), Cr321 (LG F), and A235 (LG G). At these four markers, the Jinpumkong allele increased seed weight. Markers K011n on LG B1, W1 on LG F, and A757 on LG L were linked to QTL conditioning hypocotyl length, and Bng119, K455n, and K418n to QTL conditioning the abnormal seedlings. The QTL conditioning sprout yield were in the same genomic locations as QTL for seed weight identified in this population or from previously published research, indicating that QTL for sprout yield are genetically linked to seed weight QTL or that seed weight QTL pleiotrophically condition sprout yield. These data demonstrate effective marker-assisted selection may be feasible for enhancing sprout yield in a soybean.

콩에서 분자유전자 지도에 기초한 협개열성 관련 양적형질 유전자좌 분석

이석하 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 2001 농업생명과학연구 Vol.5 No.-

Pod dehiscence (PD), sometimes referred to as shattering in soybean, causes serious yield loss in tropical and subtropical regions. However, breeding for resistance to PD is difficult due to the complicated genetic behavior and environmental interaction. This research was performed to improve breeding efficiency for resistance to PD based on SSR marker in soybean. Using two soybean populations, Keunolkong x Shinpaldalkong and Keunolkong x Iksan 10, a number of QTLs for PD were identified. Of specific interest, QTL at Satt215 on linkage group (LG) J explaining 42.3% of the phenotypic variation was found to be a major QTL conferring PD. In addition to identification of QTLs for PD, QTLs for days to first flowering, ays to flowering, days to maturity, and days from flowering to maturity were also identified. This result suggested that diffeent breeding approach depending upon genetic material should be considered to avoid PD. The major QTL for PD may be used for minimizing soybean PD through effective marker-assisted selection.