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환경농업 시범마을 논에서 시비에 따른 무척추동물 개체 수 변화
한민수,신중두,나영은,이남종,박문희,김세근 한국환경농학회 2002 한국환경농학회지 Vol.21 No.2
논의 관리방법에 따른 수서생물상의 변동 양상을 파악하기 위하여 종합적인 환경농업기술 시범 2개 지역의 논 및 하천에서 주기적으로 조사 분석하였다. 논에서의 수서 무척추동물의 총 개체 수는 두 지역 모두 농가관행구에 비해 화학비료 토양검정 시비구에서 62% 이상 높았고 그 다음은 두 지역에서 서로 다르게 나타나 옥천의 경우 농가관행구, 양평은 화학비료+개량재 순으로 많고, 가장 적은 처리는 무비구였다. 수서곤충의 총 개체 수는 토양검정시비구가 농가관행구 옥천 및 양평 각각 328, 45.1/L보다 56%, 69% 더 많았다. 갑각류의 총 개체수는 옥천 지역에서는 토양검정 화학비료구> 화학 비료+개량제구> 농가관행구> 무비구 순으로 많았으며, 양평에서는 화학비료+개량제구>토양검정 화학비료>무비> 농가관행구 순으로서 과다 비료시용구인 농가관행구에서 가장 적었다. 두 지역의 논관류 하천에서 서식하는 수서 무척추동물은 59과 76종이 분류되었고, 미확인종이 14종으로 조사되었으며, 특히 물방개과 중 노란테 콩알 물방개 및 땅콩 콩알 물방개가 채집되었고 양평 지역에서는 날도래 종류가 다양하게 서식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 하천지류별 수서 무척추동물 서식밀도는 두 지역 모두에서 상류보다는 하류에서 밀도가 높았으며, 옥천의 연평균 성적에서도 하류에서 1300/0.09 ㎡로 최상류에 비해 172% 더 많은 밀도를 나타냈다. 친환경 농업 실천 2개 지역에서의 논 서식 수서 무척추동물 개체 수 조사 결과 일반관행 농가 논 91.1/L 보다 58% 더 많았다. This study was conducted to survey and identify kinds and population of the freshwater invertebrate fauna according to the managements of paddy rice fields at Ok-Chun and Yang-Pyung. The experiment was conducted in 4 paddy plots; conventional fertilization plot (CF), fertilization by prescription with soil testing with (ST+A) or without soil amendment (ST), and no fertilization as the control. In addition, the freshwater invertebrate fauna was also surveyed at 3 sections of as upper, intermediate and down, in both Jitan and Bungsan stream. The total number of the freshwater invertebrates was higher in the order of ST>CF>ST+A>C and ST>ST+A>CF>C at Ok-Chun and Yang-Pyung, respectively. The population density of aquatic insects was higher in plots fertilized by prescription with soid testing than in the other plots at both demonstration villages. The freshwater invertebrates collected in Jitan and Bungsan stream were identified and classified into 59 families and 90 species, and their population density was highest in the downstream among.
<i>In vitro</i> anti-MRSA activity of carvone with gentamicin
MUN, SU-HYUN,KANG, OK-HWA,JOUNG, DAE-KI,KIM, SUNG-BAE,CHOI, JANG-GI,SHIN, DONG-WON,KWON, DONG-YEUL D.A. Spandidos 2014 Experimental and therapeutic medicine Vol.7 No.4
<P>Carvone is one of the naturally occurring monoterpenes, the largest class of secondary metabolites in plants, and exists in two enantiomers, R-carvone (R-car) and S-car. The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of R-car and S-car with gentamicin (GET) against methicillin-resistant <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> (MRSA). MRSA is a major human pathogen that causes serious problems, including hospital-acquired pneumonia, abscesses and surgical wound infections. Nosocomial MRSA infections often exhibit multidrug resistance. In the present study, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed with R-car, S-car and GET using the broth microdilution method. Minimal inhibitory concentration values for R- and S-car against six different strains of <I>S. aureus</I> ranged between 500 and 1,000 μg/ml. Anti-MRSA activity was evaluated using the checkerboard and time-kill assays to investigate the potential synergistic effects of different combinations of the carvone enantiomers and GET. R-car plus S-car, R-car plus GET and S-car plus GET exhibited significant synergistic activity against MRSA. These findings suggest that the single-agent anti-MRSA activities of R-car, S-car and GET are effectively increased through combination therapy. This study showed that carvone may be a potential adjuvant antimicrobial agent.</P>
JOUNG, DAE-KI,CHOI, SUNG-HOON,KANG, OK-HWA,KIM, SUNG-BAE,MUN, SU-HYUN,SEO, YUN-SOO,KANG, DA-HYE,GONG, RYONG,SHIN, DONG-WON,KIM, YOUN-CHUL,KWON, DONG-YEUL SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2015 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.12 No.1
<P>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is a serious clinical problem worldwide. The aim of the present study was to examine the antimicrobial activity of oxyresveratrol (ORV) against MRSA. The antimicrobial activity of ORV was evaluated against three strains of MRSA and one methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strain using a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay, MTT colorimetric assay, checkerboard dilution test and time-kill assay. The MIC of ORV for all strains was moderate at 125 ?g/ml. Of note, the antimicrobial activity and fractional inhibitory concentration index values of ORV were markedly increased in the presence of a non-growth inhibitory dose of certain antibiotics. Time-kill curves revealed that a combination of ORV with ciprofloxacin or with gentamicin reduced bacterial counts to below the lowest detectable limit after 24 h. These effective combinations may be used as potential antimicrobial regimens for use in the management of MRSA.</P>
Combination Therapy of Sophoraflavanone B against MRSA: <i>In Vitro</i> Synergy Testing
Mun, Su-Hyun,Kang, Ok-Hwa,Joung, Dae-Ki,Kim, Sung-Bae,Seo, Yun-Soo,Choi, Jang-Gi,Lee, Young-Seob,Cha, Seon-Woo,Ahn, Young-Sup,Han, Sin-Hee,Kwon, Dong-Yeul Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2013 No.-
<P>Sophoraflavanone B (SPF-B), a known prenylated flavonoid, was isolated from the roots of <I>Desmodium caudatum</I>. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial synergism of SPF-B combined with antibiotics against methicillin-resistant <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> (MRSA). MRSA, a multidrug-resistant pathogen, causes both hospital- and community-acquired infections worldwide. The antimicrobial activity of SPF-B was assessed by the broth microdilution method, checkerboard dilution test, and time-kill curve assay. The MIC of SPF-B for 7 strains of <I>S. aureus</I> ranges from 15.6 to 31.25 <I><I>μ</I></I>g/mL determined. In the checkerboard method, the combinations of SPF-B with antibiotics had a synergistic effect; SPF-B markedly reduced the MICs of the <I><I>β</I></I>-lactam antibiotics: ampicillin (AMP) and oxacillin (OXI); aminoglycosides gentamicin (GET); quinolones ciprofloxacin (CIP) and norfloxacin (NOR) against MRSA. The time-kill curves assay showed that a combined SPF-B and selected antibiotics treatment reduced the bacterial counts below the lowest detectable limit after 24 h. These data suggest that the antibacterial activity of SPF-B against MRSA can be effectively increased through its combination with three groups of antibiotics (<I><I>β</I></I>-lactams, aminoglycosides, and quinolones). Our research can be a valuable and significant source for the development of a new antibacterial drug with low MRSA resistance.</P>
Joung, Dae-Ki,Mun, Su-Hyun,Lee, Kuang-Shim,Kang, Ok-Hwa,Choi, Jang-Gi,Kim, Sung-Bae,Gong, Ryong,Chong, Myong-Soo,Kim, Youn-Chul,Lee, Dong-Sung,Shin, Dong-Won,Kwon, Dong-Yeul Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2014 No.-
<P>Tectorigenin (TTR) is an O-methylated isoflavone derived from the rhizome of <I>Belamacanda chinensis</I> (L.) DC. It is known to perform a wide spectrum of biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor. The aim of this study is to examine the mechanism of antibacterial activity of TTR against methicillin-resistant <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> (MRSA). The anti-MRSA activity of TTR was analyzed in combination assays with detergent, ATPase inhibitors, and peptidoglycan (PGN) derived from <I>S. aureus</I>. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to monitor survival characteristics and changes in <I>S. aureus</I> morphology. The MIC values of TTR against all the tested strains were 125 <I><I>μ</I></I>g/mL. The OD(600) of each suspension treated with a combination of Triton X-100, DCCD, and NaN<SUB>3</SUB> with TTR (1/10 × MIC) had been reduced from 68% to 80%, compared to the TTR alone. At a concentration of 125 <I><I>μ</I></I>g/mL, PGN blocked antibacterial activity of TTR. This study indicates that anti-MRSA action of TTR is closely related to cytoplasmic membrane permeability and ABC transporter, and PGN at 125 <I><I>μ</I></I>g/mL directly bind to and inhibit TTR at 62.5 <I><I>μ</I></I>g/mL. These results can be important indication in study on antimicrobial activity mechanism against multidrug resistant strains.</P>