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Stoltzfus, D.M.,Kesters, J.,Kelchtermans, M.,Verstappen, P.,Cardinaletti, I.,Cornelissen, R.,D'Haen, J.,Lutsen, L.,Vanderzande, D.,Manca, J.,Bielawski, C.W.,Maes, W.,Sessler, J.L. Elsevier Sequoia] 2016 Synthetic metals Vol.218 No.-
Ternary organic photovoltaic devices were prepared through the addition of small amounts of metalloporphyin-terthiophenes to two established low bandgap polymer:fullerene blends. The methodology afforded a PCDTBT:PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM-based device that displayed an initial power conversion efficiency of 5.1%, an increase of 16% when compared to the binary blend. Among the range of metalloporphyrins considered in this study, the Cu(II)-porphyrin derivatives were found to result in the most significant efficiency improvements.
Writing the Iceberg: Hemingway, Camus-and Lawrence?
( Ben Stoltzfus ) 한국로렌스학회 2015 D.H. 로렌스 연구 Vol.23 No.2
Ernest Hemingway originated the “iceberg” method of writing, and Albert Camus wrote L`Etranger using Hemingway`s technique of compression and economy. D. H. Lawrence`s story, “Sun”-despite his penchants for repetition, description, and “doctrinal” viewpoints that seem to distance him from the other writers` unembellished style-exemplifies his version of the “iceberg.” Unlike Hemingway, but like Camus, Lawrence expresses his ideology in philosophical essays, thereby leaving some of his stories relatively unencumbered with “dogma” while still conveying the sense of it subliminally, under the surface-under the tip of the iceberg that is the story. “Sun” displays the economy of this binocular vision and, like Camus, Lawrence makes the unwritten depths intelligible, even without the essays. Should the reader wish to elucidate the depths, the essays are always available. Unlike Hemingway, Lawrence is not a pure iceberg writer. Despite Hemingway`s injunction against authorial intrusion, Lawrence melds the tip of the iceberg (description) with the seven-eighths below the surface (commentary) thus enabling Juliet (the heroine of “Sun”) to overcome the deathlessness of sunlessness. Her unconscious makes contact with the sense-knowledge of the ancients, and she basks in the “fourth dimension”-her new “cosmorgasmic” relationship with herself and the sun.