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Eichhorn, Stephen W.,Guo, H.,McGeary, Sean E.,Rodriguez-Mias, Ricard A.,Shin, C.,Baek, D.,Hsu, S.h.,Ghoshal, K.,Villen, J.,Bartel, David P. Cell Press 2014 Molecular cell Vol.56 No.1
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate target mRNAs through a combination of translational repression and mRNA destabilization, with mRNA destabilization dominating at steady state in the few contexts examined globally. Here, we extend the global steady-state measurements to additional mammalian contexts and find that regardless of the miRNA, cell type, growth condition, or translational state, mRNA destabilization explains most (66%→90%) miRNA-mediated repression. We also determine the relative dynamics of translational repression and mRNA destabilization for endogenous mRNAs as a miRNA is induced. Although translational repression occurs rapidly, its effect is relatively weak, such that by the time consequential repression ensues, the effect of mRNA destabilization dominates. These results imply that consequential miRNA-mediated repression is largely irreversible and provide other insights into the nature of miRNA-mediated regulation. They also simplify future studies, dramatically extending the known contexts and time points for which monitoring mRNA changes captures most of the direct miRNA effects.
Mesh repairing using topology graphs
Jerome Charton,Stephen Baek,Youngjun Kim 한국CDE학회 2021 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.8 No.1
Geometrical and topological inconsistencies, such as self-intersections and non-manifold elements, are common in triangular meshes, causing various problems across all stages of geometry processing. In this paper, we propose a method to resolve these inconsistencies using a graph-based approach. We first convert geometrical inconsistencies into topological inconsistencies and construct a topology graph. We then define local pairing operations on the topology graph, which is guaranteed not to introduce new inconsistencies. The final output of our method is an oriented manifold with all geometrical and topological inconsistencies fixed. Validated against a large data set, our method overcomes chronic problems in the relevant literature. First, our method preserves the original geometry and it does not introduce a negative volume or false new data, as we do not impose any heuristic assumption (e.g. watertight mesh). Moreover, our method does not introduce new geometric inconsistencies, guaranteeing inconsistency-free outcome.
Seasonal Variation of Rubber Production in Russian Dandelion, Taraxacum kok-saghyz, Grown in Korea
Sandeep Kumar Tata,홍승백(Seung Baek Hong),배성우(Sung Woo Bae),박종찬(Jong-Chan Park),Stephen Beungtae Ryu 한국자원식물학회 2022 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.35 No.3
Russian dandelion, Taraxacum kok-saghyz L.E.Rodin, is an important alternative source of natural rubber. Thus, it is critical to identify the best season for natural rubber production and harvesting for this species. In this study, T. kok-saghyz was grown in experimental fields in Korea to check the variation in rubber content with the change in the season. Studies using T. kok-saghyz plants indicate that spring and autumn are the best seasons for rubber accumulation. For several reasons, our study suggests that planting in autumn and harvesting in late spring is the best strategy for economic cultivation in Korea. Our data will be useful for future commercialization of rubber production from T. kok-saghyz because time will be saved if the plant is grown and harvested in the optimum season.
Tripathi, Om P.,Baldwin, Mark,Charlton‐,Perez, Andrew,Charron, Martin,Eckermann, Stephen D.,Gerber, Edwin,Harrison, R. Giles,Jackson, David R.,Kim, Baek‐,Min,Kuroda, Yuhji,Lang, Andrea,Mah John WileySons, Ltd 2015 Quarterly journal of the Royal Meteorological Soci Vol.141 No.689
<P>Extreme variability of the winter‐ and spring‐time stratospheric polar vortex has been shown to affect extratropical tropospheric weather. Therefore, reducing stratospheric forecast error may be one way to improve the skill of tropospheric weather forecasts. In this review, the basis for this idea is examined. A range of studies of different stratospheric extreme vortex events shows that they can be skilfully forecasted beyond 5 days and into the sub‐seasonal range (0–30 days) in some cases. Separate studies show that typical errors in forecasting a stratospheric extreme vortex event can alter tropospheric forecast skill by 5–7% in the extratropics on sub‐seasonal time‐scales. Thus understanding what limits stratospheric predictability is of significant interest to operational forecasting centres. Both limitations in forecasting tropospheric planetary waves and stratospheric model biases have been shown to be important in this context.</P>
Shin, Hye-Jin,Kim, Joo-Young,Hampson, Lynne,Pyo, Hongryull,Baek, Hye Jung,Roberts, Stephen A.,Hendry, Jolyon H.,Hampson, Ian N. Informa Healthcare 2010 International Journal of Radiation Biology Vol.86 No.9
<P><I>Purpose:</I> To examine the effect of the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16-E6 (HPV ‘early’ gene) oncoprotein on in vitro radiosensitivity of HPV-negative/p53 mutant C33a cervical cancer cells.</P><P><I>Methods and materials:</I> The human cervical cancer cell line C33a was stably transfected with either the HPV16 E6 cDNA cloned into the vector pcDNA™3.0 (C33aE6) or the empty-vector control (C33aV). Radiosensitivity, DNA damage, and cell cycle measurements were made using standard clonogenic assays, immunofluorescent assessment of nuclear histone H2AX phosphorylated on serine-139 (γ-H2AX) foci, and flow cytometry. Western immunoblotting and fluorescence confocal microscopy were used to analyse the changes in cellular proteins. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to compare levels of aurora A mRNA.</P><P><I>Results:</I> Compared to C33aV cells, C33aE6 cells showed enhanced radiation cell killing. This was associated with a large amount of polyploidy which was followed by late cell death in C33aE6 cells. Aurora A was highly expressed in C33aE6 cells at pre- and post-irradiation times compared to C33aV cells. Silencing aurora A resulted in a reduced amount of residual γ-H2AX foci in C33aE6 cells, and diminished the difference in radiosensitivity between the C33aE6 and C33aV cells.</P><P><I>Conclusion:</I> Our in vitro results indicate that genetic instability could be augmented in the HPV-infected cancer cells by up-regulation of aurora A, especially against a background of dysfunctional p53. Further studies are needed to examine whether aurora A could be a viable therapeutic target in HPV-related tumours.</P>
Zhiyu Sun,Yusen He,Andrey Gritsenko,Amaury Lendasse,Stephen Baek 한국CDE학회 2020 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.7 No.1
A robust and informative local shape descriptor plays an important role in mesh registration. In this regard, spectral descriptors that are based on the spectrum of the Laplace–Beltrami operator have been a popular subject of research for the last decade due to their advantageous properties, such as isometry invariance. Despite such, however, spectral descriptors often fail to give a correct similarity measure for nonisometric cases where the metric distortion between the models is large. Hence, they are not reliable for correspondence matching problems when the models are not isometric. In this paper, it is proposed a method to improve the similarity metric of spectral descriptors for correspondence matching problems. We embed a spectral shape descriptor into a different metric space where the Euclidean distance between the elements directly indicates the geometric dissimilarity. We design and train a Siamese neural network to find such an embedding, where the embedded descriptors are promoted to rearrange based on the geometric similarity. We demonstrate our approach can significantly enhance the performance of the conventional spectral descriptors by the simple augmentation achieved via the Siamese neural network in comparison to other state-of-the-art methods.
Quaternary Coded Structured Light 와 위상을 이용한 고정밀 Point Cloud 생성 알고리즘
김대욱(Dae-Wook Kim),이주성(Joosung Lee),백승엽(Stephen Baek),이건우(Kunwoo Lee) (사)한국CDE학회 2014 한국 CAD/CAM 학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.8
3D Scanner is growing industry due to remarkable interests in 3D printing nowadays. To make point cloud, 3D scanner can use many variety ways but generally uses structured light which is uniquely coded binary pattern and reconstructs 3D point cloud through stereo images. We first calibrate the camera, get rectified image, and apply boundary offset at the pre-processing. Using quaternary code on pixels, correspondence can be found roughly. For the purpose of obtaining high-precision point cloud, roughly matched correspondences are corrected with sub-pixel edge detection and phase interpolation. At the post-processing, remove the background and mismatched pixels. Result demonstrates the system has measurement area of 12 × 9㎝², with resolution about 0.06mm.
Comparative serology of human brucellosis in Korea
Lee, Sung-Il,Choi, Min-Jung,Hur, Jin,Islam, Md Ariful,Khatun, Mst Minara,Baek, Byeong-Kirl,Lee, Chang-Seup,Kakoma, Ibulaimu,Bolye, Stephen M,Srirangananathan, Nammalwar,Young, Edward John The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.3
The study was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the tube agglutination test (TAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the 2-Mercaptoethanol agglutination test (2-MAT) to detect human brucellosis patients in Korea. We examined 87 serum samples of people in the rural farm areas where bovine brucellosis had been reported. People in this study were divided into seven groups- farmers and their families, veterinarians, veterinary quarantine workers, livestock health control officers, artificial inseminators, livestock traders and healthy control individuals. Among 87 people, 65 were males and 22 were females ranging in age from 13 to 72 years. Of 87 serum samples, ELISA detected 21.84%, TAT detected 11.50% and 2-MAT detected 8.05% Brucella positive sera. Brucella specific IgG ELISA antibody titer was recorder higher in the individuals between the ages of 50 and 65 years. The highest prevalence rate of brucellosis(29.4%) was recorded in the cattle farmers and their family members followed by quarantine veterinary office workers (25%) and practicing veterinarians 01.1%). The majority of the Brucella sero-positive individuals in this study had a history of direct contact with animals.
Comparative serology of human brucellosis in Korea
( Sung Il Lee ),( Min Jung Choi ),( Jin Hur ),( Md Ariful Islam ),( Mst Minara Khatun ),( Byeong Kirl Baek ),( Chang Seup Lee ),( Ibulaimu Kakoma ),( Stephen M Boyle ),( Nammalwar Sriranganathan ),( E 한국가축위생학회 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.3
The study was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the tube agglutination test(TAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and the 2-Mercaptoethanol agglutination test(2-MAT) to detect human brucellosis patients in Korea. We examined 87 serum samples of people in the rural farm areas where bovine brucellosis had been reported. People in this study were divided into seven groups- farmers and their families, veterinarians, veterinary quarantine workers, livestock health control officers, artificial inseminators, livestock traders and healthy control individuals. Among 87 people, 65 were males and 22 were females ranging in age from 13 to 72 years. Of 87 serum samples, ELISA detected 21.84%, TAT detected 11.50% and 2-MAT detected 8.05% Brucella positive sera. Brucella specific IgG ELISA antibody titer was recorder higher in the individuals between the ages of 50 and 65 years. The highest prevalence rate of brucellosis(29.4%) was recorded in the cattle farmers and their family members followed by quarantine veterinary office workers(25%) and practicing veterinarians(11.1%). The majority of the Brucella sero-positive individuals in this study had a history of direct contact with animals.
Chae, Sun Young,Choi, Chang-Min,Shim, Tae Sun,Park, Yangsoon,Park, Chan-Sik,Lee, Hyo Sang,Lee, Sang Ju,Oh, Seung Jun,Kim, Seog-Young,Baek, Sora,Koglin, Norman,Stephens, Andrew W.,Dinkelborg, Ludger M. Society of Nuclear Medicine 2016 The Journal of nuclear medicine Vol.57 No.1
<P>We explored system x(C)(-) transporter activity and the detection of inflammatory or infectious lesions using (4S)4-(3-F-18-fluoropropyl)-L-glutamate (F-18-FSPG) PET. Methods: In 10 patients with various inflammatory or infectious diseases, as many as 5 of the largest lesions were selected as reference lesions. F-18-FSPG images were assessed visually and quantitatively. Expression levels of xCT, CD44, and surface markers of inflammatory cells were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results: F-18-FSPG PET detected all reference lesions. F-18-FSPG uptake in sarcoidosis was significantly higher than that in nonsarcoidosis. The lesion-to-blood-pool SUV ratio for F-18-FSPG was comparable to that for F-18-FDG in sarcoidosis. In nonsarcoidosis, however, it was significantly lower. In 5 patients with available tissue samples, the SUVmax for F-18-FSPG and CD163 were negatively correlated (p = -0.872, P = 0.054). Conclusion: F-18-FSPG PET may detect inflammatory lesions when activated macrophages or monocytes are present, such as in sarcoidosis.</P>