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Checklist of Culicoides fauna of the Republic of Korea
Myung-Soon Kim,Jee Yong Park,Yun Sang Cho,In Soo Cho,Heung-Chul Kim,Terry A. Klein,Glenn Bellis 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.10
Biting midges of the genus Culicoides Latreille are important pests of humans and livestock and many species act as vectors of important medical and veterinary pathogens. Culicoides and other biting flies were collected using black light traps set near nine cowsheds, as described by Kim et al., and New Jersey light traps set at 10 US army installations and one military training site from May to October, 2010– 2011 as part of the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency and 65th Medical Brigade (Eighth US Army, Korea) arthropod-borne disease surveillance program. Culicoides spp. were separated and identified to species using the keys and descriptions of Arnaud, Wada and Yu et al. and checklist of Cho and Chong. Kim et al. provided a brief summary of the history of research into the Culicoides fauna of the ROK noting the presence of several species of medical and veterinary importance. There are currently 28 species of Culicoides reported from the ROK and the presence of additional species has been reported by Cho & Chong, Kang & Yu and Lee, suggesting that the fauna has not yet been fully documented. Additionally, recent uses of DNA barcoding, by Bellis et al. have clarified the status of several species of Culicoides elsewhere and if applied more fully to Korean material, will likely reveal more records and perhaps new species. Surveys of adult biting midges from the ROK resulted in the discovery of three species previously not known from the ROK. So a total of 31 species of Culicoides are now known from the ROK. This study reports the presence of C. nasuensis Kitaoka, C. pallidulus Yu and C. jacobsoni Macfie from the ROK and an updated checklist of the Culicoides fauna of the ROK.
N-Alkyl-N-Nitrosocarbamoyl-3alpha-Amino-와 3beta-Amino-5alpha-Cholestane 유도체들의 합성 및 항암작용 평가
김정균(Jack C. Kim),최순규(Soon Kyu Choi),조인섭(In Seop Cho),유동식(Dong Sik Yu),류성호(Sung Ho Ryu),문경호(Kyung Ho Moon) 대한약학회 1985 약학회지 Vol.29 No.2
The isomeric intermediates, 3alpha- and 3beta-amino-5alpha-cholestane required for the synthesis of N-nitrosoureas, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosocarbamoyl-3alpha-amino-5alpha-cholestane (9), N-methyl-N-nitrosocarbamoyl-3alpha-amino-5alpha-cholestane (10), N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosocarbamoyl-3beta-amino-5alpha-cholestane (7), and N-methyl-N-nitrosocarbamoyl-3beta-amino-5alpha-cholestane (8) were obtained through the LiAlH4 reduction of 5alpha-cholestan-3-one oxime, followed by the chromatographic separation: the assignment of the stereochemistry of both isomers were based on the shape and chemical shift of C3-proton resonances on their NMR spectra and on the elution mobility on the TLC. The urea intermediates, N-(2-chloroethyl)carbamoyl-3alpha-amino-5alpha-cholestane (13), N-methylcarbamoyl-3alpha-amino-5alpha-cholestane (14), N-(2-chloroethyl)carbamoyl-3beta-amino-5alpha-cholestane (11) and N-methyl-3beta-amino-5alpha-cholestane (12) were prepared by the treatment of each isomers (3alpha-amino- and 3beta-amino-5alpha-cholestane) with alkyl isocyanates in anhydrous CHCl3, and the corresponding nitrosoureas, 7~10 were obtained by the nitrosation of the ureas, 11~14, with AcOH (or HCOOH)/NaNO2 in ice-cold condition. The inhibitory activity of the nitrosoureas, 7~10, and their intermediates, 12~14 towards the growth of L1210 murine leukemia cells, were examined. Among them, the compounds 9 and 10 exhibited high activity having ED50 to be 5.5g/ml and 6.1g/ml, respectively.
N-메틸-N'-치환페닐우레아화합물들의 니트로소화 반응에 있어서 니트로소화 화학종의 반응성 및 위치화학적 영향
김정균,조인섭,최순규,Jack C. Kim,In-Seop Cho,Soon-Kyu Choi 대한화학회 1991 대한화학회지 Vol.35 No.3
비대칭우레아화합물, N-메틸-N'-치환페닐우레아화합물들 ($CH_3NHCONHC_6H_4-G$; G = H, p-$CH_3,\;m-CH_3,\;m-CH_3O$, p-F, m-F, m-Br) 7종 합성하고 이들을 NaN$O_2$와 4종류의 산(d-HCl, HCOOH, C$H_3$COOH, CF$_3$COOH)을 사용하여 니트로소화시킬 때 이 니트로소화 반응의 위치선택성을 조사하였다. 이들 반응 모든 경우에서 두 가지 위치이성질체생성물, N-니트로소-N-메틸-N'-치환페닐우레아생성물(A)들과 N'-니트로소-N-메틸-N'-치환페닐우레아생성물(B)들이 주생성물로 생성되었으며, 이들 생성몰비 B/A를 이들 반응혼합물의 $^1$H-NMR에서의 메틸피이크의 면적을 측정하여 이를 결정하였다. 전자공급체치환기(ㅎ)가 우레아화합물의 페닐기에 치환된 경우 일반적으로 B/A의 비가 증가되었다. 이들 위치이성체 생성물비 B/A로부터 니트로소화 화학종(HONO, HCOONO, CH$_3$ COONO, CF$_3$ COONO)의 페닐치환기에 의한 질소원자 위의 전자밀도변화에 대한 반응민감도를 얻었으며 반응민감도의 상대적 크기는 1.00 : 0.93 : 0.78 : > ∼ 0.7(HONO : HCOONO : CH$_3$ COONO : CF$_3$ COONO)로 나타났다. The regioselectivity in the nitrosation of seven N-methyl-N'-substituted phenylureas ($CH_3NHCONHC_6H_4-G$; G = H, p-CH$_3$, m-CH$_3$, m-CH$_3$O, p-F, m-F, m-Br) was examined using NaNO$_2$ and 4 different acids (diluted HCl, HCOOH, CH$_3$COOH, CF$_3$COOH). In all cases, the two regioisomeric products, N-nitroso-N-methyl-N'-substituted phenylureas (A) and N'-nitroso-N-methyl-N'-substituted phenylureas (B) were observed to be formed as major products and product ratios were determined by the integration of their methyl peaks in $^1$H-NMR. Electron donating substitutent(G) on phenyl of the ureas generally led to increase the ratio of B to A. The data have revealed that the relative sensitivity of the nitrosonium species (HONO, HCOONO, CH$_3$COONO, CF$_3$COONO) toward the change of electron density on nitrogen with phenyl substitutents are 1.00 : 0.93 : 0.78 : > ∼ 0.7.
Shin, Myung-Geun,Levin, Barbara C.,Kim, Hyeoung-Joon,Kim, Hye-Ran,Lee, Il-Kwon,Cho, Duck,Jung Kee, Seung,Shin, Jong-Hee,Suh, Soon-Pal,Ryang, Dong-Wook WILEY-VCH Verlag 2006 Electrophoresis Vol.27 No.7
<P>The length heteroplasmies in the hypervariable (HV) regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from blood cells were examined in 57 healthy Korean donors. Interestingly, all the healthy Korean subjects displayed length heteroplasmies in both the HV1 and HV2 regions. Closer examination of the HV2 length heteroplasmies indicated that most of these donors (84%) exhibited a minimal 303–315 homopolymeric C (poly-C) tract frameshift of 1 bp (mixture of one major and minor mtDNA type). Sixteen percent of the donors however had poly-C tract frameshifts of 2 bp or more. The donor group with major length variants (two or more frameshifts) had about a two-fold decrease in mtDNA copy number compared with the group exhibiting only a 1 bp frameshift. This result supports the possibility that a severe frameshift in the 303–315 poly-C tract may also cause the impairment of mtDNA replication in hematopoietic tissue.</P>
Reduction of Plasma Nitrogen Oxides by Flames of Hydrocarbon Fuel
엄환섭,Soon C. Cho,Il G. Park,Min S. Hong 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.6
Nitrogen oxides generated in a microwave plasma torch are destroyed by a flame of hydrocarbon fuel. A high-temperature plasma torch in the microwave plasma burner produces a high level of nitrogen oxides, which disintegrate in the fuel-burning flame exponentially in terms of the methane flow rate. However, the flame from the fuel combustion generates its own nitrogen oxides, although their concentration levels are considerably lower compared to those from the plasma torch. Theoretical results from an analytical model based on simple gas kinetic data agree reasonably well with experimental data.