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Phosphate Removal from Aqueous Solution by Aluminum (Hydr)oxide-coated Sand
Yong Un Han,Seong Jik Park,Chang Gu Lee,Jeong Ann Park,Nag Choul Choi,Song Bae Kim 대한환경공학회 2009 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.14 No.3
A powder form of aluminum (hydr)oxides is not suitable in wastewater treatment/filtration systems because of low hydraulic conductivity and large sludge production. In this study, aluminum (hydr)oxide-coated sand (AOCS) was used to remove phosphate from aqueous solution. The properties of AOCS were analyzed using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) and an X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Kinetic batch, equilibrium batch, and closed-loop column experiments were performed to examine the adsorption of phosphate to AOCS. The XRD pattern indicated that the powder form of aluminum (hydr)oxides coated on AOCS was similar to a low crystalline boehmite. Kinetic batch experiments demonstrated that P adsorption to AOCS reached equilibrium after 24 h of reaction time. The kinetic sorption data were described well by the pseudo second-order kinetic sorption model, which determined the amount of P adsorbed at equilibrium (q(e)=0.118 mg/g) and the pseudo second-order velocity constant (k=0.0036 g/mg/h) at initial P concentration of 25 mg/L. The equilibrium batch data were fitted well to the Freundlich isotherm model, which quantified the distribution coefficient (K(F)=0.083 L/g), and the Freundlich constant (1/n=0.339). The closed-loop column experiments showed that the phosphate removal percent decreased from 89.1 to 41.9% with increasing initial pH from 4.82 to 9.53. The adsorption capacity determined from the closed-loop experiment was 0.239 mg/g at initial pH 7.0, which is about two times greater than that (q(e)=0.118 mg/g) from the kinetic batch experiment at the same condition.
Mapping of the Reduced Culm Number Trait in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) rcn10(t) Mutant
Un-Sang Yeo,Jong-Hee Lee,Choon-Song Kim,Meong-Gi Jeon,Tae-Yong Oh,Chang-Deok Han,Mun-Sik Shin,Byeong-Geun Oh 한국육종학회 2008 한국육종학회지 Vol.40 No.3
In rice, tillering is an important trait determining yield. To study tillering at the agricultural and molecular aspects, we have examined a spontaneous rice mutant that showed reduction in the number of culms. The mutant was derived from a F6 line of the cross of Junambyeo*4 / IR72. It could produce, on average, 4 tillers per hill in the paddy field while wild-type plants usually have 15. Except the reduced culm numbers, they also show pale green phenotypes. The phenotypes of this mutant were co-segregated as the monogenic Mendelian ratio (χ2 = 0.002, p = 0.969). In order to locate a gene responsible for the rcn phenotype, the mutant with the japonica genetic background was crossed with Milyang21 of the indica background. Bulked segregant analysis was used for rapid determination of chromosomal location. Three SSR markers (RM551, RM8213, and RM16467) on chromosome 4 were genetically associated with the mutant phenotype. Each of the 217 F2 plants was genotyped with simple sequence length polymorphisms. The data showed that RM16572 on chromosome 4 was the closest marker that showed perfect co-segregation among the F2 population. We suggest the new rcn gene studied here name as rcn10t because there was no report which exhibit a rcn phenotype with a pleiotropic effect of pale green (chlorophyll deficiency), and mapped at same position on chromosome 4.
Yong Un Han,Chang Gu Lee,Jeong Ann Park,Jin Kyu Kang,In Lee,Song Bae Kim 대한환경공학회 2012 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.17 No.3
Polyvinyl alcohol/alginate hydrogel beads containing Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH-PVA/alginate beads) were synthesized for phosphate removal. Results showed that blending PVA with the LDH-alginate beads significantly improved their stability in a phosphate solution. The kinetic reaction in LDH-PVA/alginate beads reached equilibrium at 12 hr-post reaction with 99.2% removal. The amount of phosphate removed at equilibrium (qe) was determined to be 0.389mgP/g. The equilibrium data were described well by the Freundlich isotherm with the distribution coefficient (KF, 0.638) and the constant (n, 0.396). Phosphate removal in LDH-PVA/alginate beads was not sensitive to solution pH. Also, the removal capacity of LDH-PVA/alginate beads (qe, 1.543mgP/g) was two orders of magnitude greater than that of PVA/alginate beads (qe, 0.016mgP/g) in column experiments. This study demonstrates that LDH-PVA/alginate beads with a higher chemical stability against phosphate compared to LDH-alginate beads have the potential for phosphate removal as adsorptive media.
A Study on Determination of Boron Makeup Flow Rate During the Load Follow Operation
Song, Yong-Mann,Lee, Un-Chul,Chung, Chang-Hyun Korean Nuclear Society 1988 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.20 No.1
During power plant operation, the flow rate from the CVCS makeup system is estimated using the continuity equation and mass balance equation, when the primary loop boron concentration change is required due to the power transient. For this purpose, primary loop, pressurizer and VCT(volume control tank)(in CVCS) are modeled by three control volumes which contain each mass and boron concentration. Connecting pipes between primary loop, pressurizer and CVCS are also modeled by time delay. Calculation for 14-2-6-2 (power 100-50-100) load follow case (at EOL, for KNU 7) is made using these models.
Song, Kwon-Ho,Kang, Yun-Jeong,Jin, Un-Ho,Park, Yong-Il,Kim, Sung-Min,Seong, Hwan-Hoo,Hwang, Seongsoo,Yang, Boh-Suk,Im, Gi-Sun,Min, Kwan-Sik,Kim, Jin-Hoi,Chang, Young-Chae,Kim, Nam-Hyung,Lee, Young-Cho Biochemical Society 2010 Biochemical journal Vol.427 No.1
<P>In the present study, the pig CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase gene (pcmah), a key enzyme for the synthesis of NeuGc (N-glycolylneuraminic acid), was cloned from pig small intestine and characterized. The ORF (open reading frame) of pcmah was 1734 bp, encoding 577 amino acids and consisting of 14 exons. Organ expression pattern analysis reveals that pcmah mRNA is mainly expressed in pig rectum, tongue, spleen and colon tissues, being the most highly expressed in small intestine. In the ectopic expression of pcmah, when pig kidney PK15 cells and human vascular endothelial ECV304 cells were transfected with the cloned pcmah, the NeuGc contents of these transfectants were greater in comparison with vector transfectants used as controls. In addition, in the functional analysis of NeuGc, HSMC (human-serum-mediated cytotoxicity) was elevated in the ectopic NeuGc-expressing pcmah-transfected cells compared with controls. Moreover, binding of human IgM to the pcmah-transfected cells was significantly increased, whereas binding of IgG was slightly increased, indicating that the human IgM type was a major anti-NeuGc antibody. Furthermore, pcmah silencing by shRNA (short hairpin RNA) resulted in a decrease in NeuGc content and xenoantigenicity in PK15. From the results, it was concluded that the pcmah gene was capable of synthesizing the NeuGc acting as a xenoantigen in humans, confirming the NeuGc-mediated rejection response in pig-human xenotransplantation.</P>
KIM, YONG KYUN,PARK, CHAN S,IHM, SANG‐,HYUN,KIM, HEE‐,YEOL,HONG, TAI Y,KIM, DAI J,PAE, CHI‐,UN,SONG, HO C,KIM, YONG‐,SOO,CHOI, EUY J Blackwell Publishing Asia 2011 Nephrology Vol.16 No.2
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P><B>Aim: </B> Multiple measurements of depression symptoms over time were more predictive of cardiovascular mortality than a single time measurement performed at baseline. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of the course of depression symptoms, based on repeated assessments of depression symptoms over time, with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) in patients on haemodialysis (HD).</P><P><B>Methods: </B> The level of depression symptoms in 61 patients on HD were prospectively assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at baseline and at three intervals (5, 10, 15 months). Doppler echocardiographic examinations were performed at the end of follow up.</P><P><B>Results: </B> At the end of follow up, the patients were divided into three groups according to their course of depression symptoms: non‐depression (<I>n</I> = 21), intermittent depression (<I>n</I> = 23) and persistent depression (<I>n</I> = 17). LVMI and LVFP were significantly increased in the persistent depression symptoms group compared to those of the non‐depression symptoms group and the intermittent depression symptoms group. Persistent depression symptoms were independently associated with LVMI (β‐coefficient = 0.347, <I>P</I> = 0.017) and LVFP (β‐coefficient = 0.274, <I>P</I> = 0.048) after adjustment for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, diabetes and interdialytic weight gain.</P><P><B>Conclusion: </B> In our study, persistent depression symptoms were associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. Our data may provide a more complete understanding of cardiovascular risk associated with depression symptoms in patients on HD.</P>
차영상과 신경망을 이용한 자동차 번호판 지역 문자 인식
송영준 ( Yong-jun Song ),김동우 ( Dong-woo Kim ),김영길 ( Young-gil Kim ),장언동 ( Un-dong Chang ),권동진 ( Dong-jin Kwon ),안재형 ( Jae-hyeong Ahn ) 한국정보처리학회 2007 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.14 No.1
자동차 번호판 인식은 카메라의 발달과 무인자동차 주차 시스템, 불법 주정차 단속 등 응용 서비스의 증가로 부각되고 있는 텔레매틱스 분야의 핵심 기술이다. 특히 우리나라의 번호판은 영업용과 비영업용의 도색이 틀리고, 현재 4종류의 번호판 체계를 갖고 있다. 따라서 번호판 인식은 이들 번호판을 종류별로 분류하고 인식해야 되는 어려움이 있다. 본 논문은 레이블링 기법으로 번호판 종류를 분류하고, 지역 글자 인식에서 뭉개짐 현상이 발생하는 경우, 기존의 신경망에서 인식치 못하는 것을 차영상과 신경망을 이용하여 인식률 향상을 이루었다.