UN 장애인권리협약에 따른 완전통합교육으로의 전환- 독일의 교사교육제도를 중심으로-

고은 ( Un Ko ) 한국특수아동학회 2012 특수아동교육연구 Vol.14 No.2

본 연구는 UN 장애인권리협약에 따라 완전통합교육으로의 전환과정에 있는 독일이 어떠한 학제개혁과 교사교육 제도의 변화를 모색하고 있는지에 대한 문제를 다룬다. 첫 번째 연구문제는 UN장애인권리협약이 독일의 통합교육에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가 이다. 두 번째 연구문제는 완전통합교육의 실현과 맞물려 논의되고 있는 독일의 학제개혁이다. 세 번째 연구문제는 독일의 특수교사 양성제도와 통합교육을 위한 교사양성제도 개혁의 주요 논점은 무엇인가 이다. 본 연구의 부제로서 다루어지는 교사교육제도를 살펴보면, 우선 ``통합교육`` 또는 ``통합수업``에 대한 과목을 필수과목으로 지정하여 일반 교직 학생들이 기초지식을 습득하고 역할수행에 대한 관점을 정립시키는 것을 강조하고 있다. 더불어 일반교육과 특수교육이 함께 연계된 수업 그리고 대학 교원들 간의 공동연구들이 필요하다고 보았는데, 이는 통합교육이 이제까지 일방적으로 특수교육 주도로 진행된 것에 대한 문제인식으로 볼 수 있다. 특히 초등교육과 특수교육을 복수전공으로 하여 통합교육 전문 교사로 양성하는 새로운 교직양성 모델은 통합교육이 교사교육제도의 개편과 함께 이루어지고 있음을 보여주고 있다. The purpose of this study was to examine what changes Germany intended to bring about to its educational system and teacher education system while it attempted to convert existing education into perfect inclusive education in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The first research question does the UN Convention affect what kind of in inclusive education. The second research question was what the meaning of shift to perfect inclusive education would be. The third research question was what the major point of disputes there were about the Germany education system of special education teachers and about the reform of its teacher education system required for inclusive education. They call on students who want to be teachers to acquire fundamental knowledge and learn what roles they should perform in the future by designating courses related to ``inclusive education`` or ``inclusive instruction`` as one of required courses. In addition, they believe that general education and special education should be linked together in class, and that college professors should make concerted research efforts. It shows that they become aware of the question that inclusive education has just been led by special education. Specifically, a new model of teacher education system that requires students to major in both elementary education and special education to become inclusive education experts suggests that inclusive education is being conducted along with the reform of the teacher education system.

스페인어 관사 연구 : 명사 서술어를 중심으로

김은경 서울대학교 어학연구소 1998 語學硏究 Vol.34 No.3

In this work we tried to explain the usage of articles (Φ/un/el) before Noun Phrases that are used as Nominal Predicate in Copulative Sentences. For this aim we have revised various works on Spanish articles from traditional grammar to recent studies of pragmatic intepretation. Traditionally the Spanish articles have been considered deteminants showing a semantic opposition 'determination'(el)/'no determination'(un). But A. Alonso and E. Alarcos negated the so-called indefinite article un's status as article and presented respectively a new opposition between el and Φ. 'existence' (el)/'escence' (Φ) and 'identification'/'classification'. Starting from this point of view we made an analysis on the alternation of Spanish articles in Noun Phrases of nominal predicate function in copulative sentences dividing them in two groups: referencial NPs and no referencial NPs. The referential Nps are normally determined by el and un, but also by Φ, when they are of generic meaning, while no referential NPs are modified primarily by un and Φ with an exception in which el occurs demanded by a pragmatically attributive interpretation of definite NPs. As a result we could explain the alternation of Spanish articles by the following opposition: el/un/Φ 'identication'/'indivualization'/'classification', a synthesis of series of partial points of view made before. Our contribution could be to provide a new explanation about the alternation of articles particularly in NPs of copulative sentences and to rectify the meaning of el and the scope of un's meaning of 'individualization'. That is, it is preferable to consider el's distinctive feature as 'unicity' instead of 'identification' to explain exceptional uses of el in no identificative sentences. And this new meaning of el can explain our distinction of 'token'(el)/'type'(un) based on un's meaning of 'individuality'. So our Φ will be a determinant that doesn't possess 'unicity' and 'individuality', of which it is no more necessary to explain Φ giving a sense of 'essence' or 'classification'.

李春風傳과 판소리의 關聯 硏究

呂運弼 新羅大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Yi Ch`un-p`ung chon(이춘풍전), a novel which was written in the last period of Choson Dynasty, has conspicuous charafeaturescteristic of P`ansori narrative style in the method of formation, the narrating point of view, oral formula, style, etc. The second half of Yi Ch`un-p`ung chon has little characteristic of P`ansori narrative style, and the story of Waljataryong(왈자타령)is simillar with that of the first half of Yi Ch`un-p`ung chon. These facts would be caused by the phenomenon which the first half of Yi Ch`un-p`ung chon was presented as P`ansori. Therefore Waljataryong would be formed on transforming a type of folk narrative, the story of which is the man who squanders his money on kisaeng(기생)and insulted from her, and on borrowing interpolated songs(삽입가요)from several existing types of P`ansori. And its plot would be simillar with that of the first half of Yi Ch`un-p`ung chon. Then, Yi Ch`un-p`ung chon would be the consquence of rewriting as novel in the perspective of adding the episode of his wife`s action to Waljataryong, with literary trend of that age.

UN / CEFACT 전자문서의 XML 변환규칙

정용규(Yong-Gyu Jung),김운섭(Un-Seob Kim) 한국정보과학회 2002 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.29 No.1A

전자문서교환(EDI, Electronic)은 기업과 기업간에 컴퓨터와 컴퓨터의 통신을 통하여 필요한 거래문서를 구조화된 형식으로 교환하여 업무를 처리하는 방식을 말한다. 그동안 EDI 표준은 북미를 중심으로 한 ANSI X.12를 시작으로, 이에 대응되는 유럽중심의 UN/CEFACT 표준이 제정되었다. UN/CEFACT로 표준을 통합하기로 합의한 양대 표준은 또 다른 XML환경을 접하게 되었다. ISO TC154에서는 UN/CEFACT전자문서의 XML변환에 관한 논의하게 되었으나 표준으로 권고되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이런 표준간 연동의 문제를 위하여 본 논문에서는 Speaking Tag방식과 UN/CEFACT Tag방식의 두가지를 제안하며 각각에 대해 변환규칙을 제안한다.

고은 초기 시에 나타난 기독교적 특징 연구

김효은 ( Hyo Un Kim ) 한국문학연구학회 2016 현대문학의 연구 Vol.0 No.58

본고에서는 1960년대에 창작된 고은의 초기 시에 나타난 기독교적인 특징들을 살펴보았다. 고은의 초기 작품들은 소멸과 죽음 지향, 유미주의, 비극성에 크게 기울어 있다. 그러나 초기 시, 그중에서 근친상간적 구도의 작품들에서 유독 두드러지는 기독교적인 이미지들에 본고는 주목한다. 먼저 제1시집에 실린 대표작 「폐결핵」과 내용상 「폐결핵」의 연관텍스트에 해당하는, 「사치」에서 기독교적인 이미지와 특징을 찾아 분석해 보았다. 금기와 위반, 원죄와 죄의식을 환기시키는 ‘누이와 나’, ‘형수와 나’의 근친 애정 구도로 설정된 텍스트들에서 두드러지는 기독교적 이미지의 차용은 그의 작품 내에서 비극성을 고조시키는 효과를 연출하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히 「사치」에서 현현된 누이의 죽음의 의미를 본고에서는 시적 화자의 죄의식을 단죄하고 자기용서와 애도에 이르게 하는 징벌과 카타르시스로서 죽음을 의미하는 것으로 살펴보았다. 제3시집과 장시(長詩) 「사형(死刑)」에서도 기독교적인 이미지와 시어들이 빈번하게 쓰이고 있다. 특히 장시 「사형」에서는 예수의 죽음을 사형언도와 집행 과정을 중심으로 묘사하고 있는데, 이는 예수의 신(神)적인 측면보다는 인간으로서의 고통과 고뇌를 실존적인 측면에서 객관적으로 드러내고자 의도한 것을 알 수 있었다. 고은의 시 세계를 선시적 차원과 불교적 세계관으로 분석한 기존의 연구들은 있었으나, 기독교적인 특징과 이미지를 중심으로 한 연구는 본고에서 처음 시도한 바, 이에 본연구의 의의가 있다고 생각한다. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of Christianity found in Ko Un’s early poems created in the 1960’s. Ko Un’s early works are mainly focused on the pursuit of extinction and death, estheticism, or tragedy. But among his early works, this author pays attention to Christian images distinctly found in his works taking an incest composition. First of all, this study analyzes one of his representative works, 「Tuberculosis」, and 「Sachi」 of which text is associated with 「Tuberculosis」 in terms of Christian images and characteristics. It has been found that he borrows Christian images which are distinctive in his text set with a composition of consanguineous love as in ‘The Sister and I’ or ‘The Sister-in-law and I’ letting us think of taboo or violation, original sin, or a sense of guilt, and with that, he gives effects on elevating tragedy within his works. In particular, about the meaning of the sister’s death manifested in 「Sachi」, this author sees that it discontinues the poetic speaker’s sense of guilt and works as punishment and catharsis that lead him to reach self-forgiveness and condolences. Aside from this, he also often adopts Christian images and poetic words in his 3rd poem collection and his long poem, 「Death Penalty」, as well. Particularly in the long poem, 「Death Penalty」, he describes Jesus’ death with the process of sentencing and executing a death penalty, and with this, we can see the poet’s intention to show Jesus’ pain and agony as a human objectively in the existential perspective, not his divine aspects. Although there has been advanced research analyzing Ko Un’s poetic world with regard to Zen poems or Buddhistic view to the world, this study is significant in that it has attempted to investigate it mainly around Christian characteristics and images for the first time.

Observaciones gramaticales sobre La traduccion de poesia coreana al espanol: con particular atencion a La poesia de Choi Sung Ho

( Un Kyung Kim ) 한국스페인어문학회 2010 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.57

Este trabajo pretende revisar fenomenos gramaticales que pueden surgir al traducir la poesia coreana al espanol. Basa?ndonos en la poesia de Choi Sung Ho traducida por Kim Un-Kyung, hemos registrado que existen diversos problemas que se deben de superar en relacion con el orden de palabras, posiciones oracionales de adjetivos y adverbios, y la omision de constituyentes oracionales. Puesto que la poesia es un genero que requiere la abstraccion a diferencia de la prosa, en el proceso de traducir poemas coreanas al espanol el traductor se enfrenta a varios problemas sinta?cticos que pueden tener estrecha realcion con la adjuncion, topicalizacion, aposicion y hasta la seleccion del modo. Lamentamos que el trabajo en si no es exhaustivo porque es, de cierto modo, un estudio de piloto, pero creemos que es suficiente para poder extenderse con otros ma?s minuciosos del futuro.

설화 속 오줌 꿈 파는 행위의 심리적 특징과 그 의미

노영윤(Noh, Young-Un) 고려대학교 한국학연구소 2012 한국학연구 Vol.40 No.-

이 논문은 꿈을 사고파는 행위의 화소가 중심인 매몽(買夢) 설화 고려사 의 <진의매몽>과 삼국유사 의 <문희매몽>에서 오줌 꿈 매매를 통해 오줌 꿈 판 사람과 오줌 꿈 산 사람의 심리적 특징을 살피고, 이에 오줌 꿈 파는 행위의 의미를 밝히고자 하였다. 이를 위해 각 설화에서 오줌 꿈을 판 언니 측과 오줌 꿈을 산 동생 측으로 나누어 살폈다. 우선 오줌 꿈 파는 행위의 심리적 특징을 밝혀보았다. 언니는 배려와 아량, 동생은 소유욕과 적극성을 보였는데, 이러한 자매의 심리가 꿈 매매를 성사시키고 그 징험이 발휘될 때까지 영향을 미친 것이다. 다음으로 오줌 꿈 파는 행위의 의미를 밝혀보았다. 오줌 꿈의 매매는 길몽의 매매라고 보았는데, 이는 인간의 보편적인 심리와 배치된다. 이에 길몽인 오줌 꿈을 판다는 것은 언니가 그 꿈을 사고자 한 동생이 꿈의 징험을 발휘할 수 있길 바란 뜻이다. 이는 동생이 언니에게 오줌 꿈을 비단 치마로 사겠다고 한후 스스로 만든 약식의 의식에 따라 달라고 부탁했을 때 언니가 그대로 수행해 준 것에서 알 수 있다. 결국, 오줌 꿈 파는 행위의 의미는 자기 자신을 제대로 가늠하여 상대방을 드높여주는 행위를 한 것이고, 그 이면에는 자신의 소망도 상대방을 통해 성취되길 바란 뜻이 있는 것이다. This article aims to examine the urination-dream trade in the Maemong tales of <Jineui Maemong> in Goryeosa and <Munheui Maemong> in Samgukyusa of which main topic is the dream trade in order to study the psychological characteristics of the ones that sell the urination-dream and the ones that buy the urination-dream and also figure out the meanings of urination-dream trade. To examine it, this paper studies each tale dividing it into the older sister’s position of selling the urination-dream and the younger sister’s position of buying the urination-dream. First of all, it examines the psychological characteristics of selling the urination-dream. While the older sister shows consideration and generosity, the younger sister shows acquisitive instinct and aggressiveness. This psychology of the sisters affects the process of the dream trading and also the process until the dream exhibits its effect. Next, this study examines the meanings of selling the urination-dream. The urination-dream trade is the trade of lucky dream, but this opposes to the general psychology of men. The older sister’s selling of her lucky urination-dream means that she hopes her little sister intending to buy the dream to enjoy the effects of the dream. It can be found from the scene that after the younger sister decided to buy her older sister’s urination-dream with the silk skirt, she asks her older sister to follow and conduct the small ritual she made on her own, and then the older sister was willing to do so. After all, this also implies that the act of selling a urination-dream is the act of understanding oneself right and enhancing the status of the other, and in the backside of it, there is also the person’s wish to realize his or her own wish through the other person.

화제의 위계와 유형

최해춘(Ch’oe Hae-ch’un) 새한영어영문학회 1987 새한영어영문학 Vol.21 No.-

海雲台砂浜의 漂砂에 관한 硏究

金熙鍾,姜周復,朴雲龍 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1982 硏究報告 Vol.6 No.2

It must be a significant problem of national standpoint as well as Busan city that the area of Hae un dae beach continues to diminish since 1976. This problem seems to be caused by the transportion of littoral drifts. Therefore, this paper intended to investigated parameters having best correlationship with the drift and be able to estimate transfer quantity in future, and besides to develop protection method to control the phenomena. 1. A primary factor of Haeun-dae seashore erosion is that the more wave steepness is, the more severe erosion is. When the value of slope is above 0.025 erosion occurs, and relatively accretion occurs when it is below 0.025. And other factor is that is that if constructions place near the shoreline, erosion will be more sever. So in case of landfilling the front of the mouth of Chun river, erosion seems to be more severe because shortage of supply-sand was caused by position deformation of the mouth of river. 2. The range of specific gravities of sands in Heaun-dae beach is 2.56-2.69. At No.23 a great deal of soil was involved, at No.33 clam-shell, sand soil were mixed and dam-shells were mainly included at No.44 3. The materials of sea-bed were sampled at point of 50m, 100m, 300m, 400m, 500m, away from the shoreline of No.23, No33, No.44, No.55, No.65 relatively. As a result of analysis of the specific gravities and median diameters, the specific gravities at both sides decrease according to the depth of water, and in the vicinity of the center a kind of cyclic phenomenon, which the specific gravities having the range of 2.76-2.27 increase and decrease in turns at intervals of 50m, appears. Near the center there are many clam-shell and S O₂, the component of pure sand is only 45.44%, so the specific gravities decrease to 2.27. 4. It seems that entrance and exit of hae un dae sand to Su-yeang, chun river from Song jeang line, recently it is assumed that it go to Hae un dae on the ground of insufficient evidence in diameter, specific gravity. 5. It was known that erosions happen is spring and autumn mainly. 6. Total erosion quantity is 15000m3 and the reduction area of beach sands is 2,230㎡ from July, 1981 to June, 1982 7. The equilibrium slope of beach sand had been step type untill 1982, 3. 17, but it has belonged to bar type since 1982.3, 17. 8. The specific gravities of the materials of sea-bed at the front of Kuk Dong hotel and the 3rd watchtower are about 2.70, Here, sands seems to be transported from land to sea at the latter, from west to south at the former. Chun-river is guessed to be a supply source of sands. But At the front of the 1stwatch tower, the specific gravity of sands is about 2. 57, which is relative light. considering that the specific gravity of sands is 2.573 in su-yeang river. At the front of Beach hotel the specific gravity is the smallest value of 2.54. Here, there are mainly clam-shells, so it is concluded that sands were transported from East-river「in song- Jeung. 9. In protection method of beach erosin, back sea dyke more than 10m(requirement model test) and construct 10m in width low step, is absorbed by it. It is to be desired that beach nourishment per 20,000㎥/year 10. To estimate the wave steepness and erosin quantity the equation, V= -338,727.3(H_0/L_0)+4898.2, was induced. 11. By the equation, V= -338727.3(H_0/L_0)+4898.2 total evosion quantify is 159,042㎥ from July. 79 to June, 82. Because Busan is the city surrounded by sea, it is absolutely necessary to be able to observe the deepwater wave height by means of wave height observation stations.

Physico-chemical Characteristics of Ammonia Adsorbed Fly Ash (AAFA)

Kim, Jae-kwan,Park, Seok-un,Hong, Jin-pyo Korea Electric Power Corporation 2018 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.4 No.1

Ammonia Adsorbed Fly Ash (AAFA) samples produced from coal fired plants equipped with SNCR (Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction) of nitrogen oxides with urea have been chemically analyzed, and their physical and dissolution properties have been investigated. XRD results for the ammonia component in AAFA ascertained that ABS (ammonium bisulfate) and AS (ammonium sulfate) were deposited on fly ash as $SO_3$ reacted with unreacted ammonia at SNCR. SEM and EDS images showed that fine ashes on large fly ash surface of sphere type were agglomerated, due to adhesive role of ammonium salts attached fly ashes. Dissolution test results of ammonium salts absorbed on AAFA in distilled water or sea water showed that the proportion of un-ionized $NH_3$ to $NH_4{^+}$ were primarily a function of pH and temperature. Increasing pH and temperature causes an increase in the fraction of un-ionized $NH_3$. At pHs of 9.6 and 10.7, un-ionized $NH_3$ and $NH_4{^+}$ ions are present in equal amounts at distilled water and sea water, respectively.