http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Sae Am Song 대한임상검사정도관리협회 2023 Journal of Laboratory Medicine And Quality Assuran Vol.45 No.1
Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapid antigen tests (RATs) have been widely used with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RATs are simple, fast, and cost-effective. However, its diagnostic performance characteristics remain unclear. In this study, we compared RAT and RT-PCR to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of these tests in routine clinical practice. Methods: A total of 515 nasopharyngeal swab samples from patients in the emergency department were included in this study. We compared the Standard Q COVID-19 Ag test and RT-PCR using the Real-Q direct SARS-CoV-2 detection kit. We analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, and kappa value of the RAT using RT-PCR as a reference. Furthermore, the detailed sensitivity of RAT was calculated using cycle threshold (Ct) values, with stratified cut-offs. Results: Of the 515 samples, 42 samples (8.2%) tested positive using RTPCR and 26 samples (5.0%) tested positive using RAT. When compared to RTPCR, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of the RAT were 59.5%, 99.8%, 96.2%, and 96.5%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was 96.5% and the kappa value was 0.718, thus demonstrating substantial agreement with RTPCR. Additionally, the sensitivity of the RAT showed a decreasing trend with rising Ct values. Conclusions: The RAT has many advantages and is a useful diagnostic method. However, care should be taken when considering it as an independent confirmatory test. It is reasonable to use both RAT and RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Importantly, it is necessary to consider appropriate standards when applying RATs to certain situations.
Comprehensive Analysis of Blood Culture Performed at Nine University Hospitals in Korea
Shin, Jeong Hwan,Song, Sae Am,Kim, Mi-Na,Lee, Nam Yong,Kim, Eui-Chong,Kim, Sunjoo,Koo, Sun-Hoi,Ryoo, Nam Hee,Kim, Jae-Seok,Cho, Ji-Hyun The Korean Society for Laboratory Medicine 2011 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.31 No.2
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Optimal blood culture performance is critical for successful diagnosis and treatment of sepsis. To understand the status of blood culture, we investigated several aspects of the procedure at 9 university hospitals.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The process of ordering blood culture sets and sampling volume for adults and children was investigated from January 2010 to April 2010, while the positive rate of detection and growth of skin contaminants were compared in 2009. Microbial growth in aerobic and anaerobic bottles was investigated prospectively.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A majority of the hospitals used 2 sets of bottles for adults and 1 bottle for children. The average blood volume in each set was 7.7 mL for adults and 2.1 mL for children. The positive rate of microorganisms was 8.0%, and the isolation rate of the normal flora of the skin was 2.1%. Bacterial growth rates in aerobic and anaerobic bottles only were 31.8% and 24.5% respectively.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Ordering blood culture sets and sampling volumes did not comply with CLSI guidelines. However, the rate of positive cultures and skin contamination rates were acceptable. Anaerobic bottles are useful in enhancing the yield of microorganisms.</P>
Performance of BD MAX Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Assay without Enrichment for the Detection of GBS
Um Sewhan,Her Jaeyoung,Kim Si Hyun,Song Sae Am,Kim Young Nam,Shin Jeong Hwan 대한진단검사의학회 2022 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.42 No.4
Group B streptococcus (GBS) is an important pathogen causing neonatal early-onset disease. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of BD Max GBS assay (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) without enrichment (direct BDM) for detecting GBS using vaginal and rectal specimens in comparison with culture. In total, 716 specimens collected from 358 pregnant women between June 2018 and May 2020 were included in this study. Bacterial culture was performed using ChromID Strep B agar (bioMérieux, Marcy-l’Étoile, France), and species identification results were confirmed using the VITEK-MS system (bioMérieux). The sensitivity of direct BDM for vaginal and rectal specimens was 75.0% and 100%, respectively. Thirteen specimens showed discrepant results: 10 false-negative results in the vaginal specimens and three false-positive results in the rectal specimens. The overall agreement between direct BDM and culture was 98.9% (354/358). The final sensitivity and specificity of direct BDM were 98.5% and 99.0%, respectively. Discrepant results—one false-negative and three false-positives—were obtained for four specimens. Direct BDM shows a good diagnostic performance and will be useful for GBS screening within a few hours.
Kim, Si Hyun,Shin, Jeong Hwan,Mok, Jeong Ha,Kim, Shine Young,Song, Sae Am,Kim, Hye Ran,Kook, Joong-Ki,Chang, Young-Hyo,Bae, Il Kwon,Lee, Kwangha Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 BioMed research international Vol.2014 No.-
<P><I>Introduction</I>. The aim of this study was to differentiate between <I>Candida famata</I> and <I>Candida guilliermondii</I> correctly by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and gene sequencing. <I>Methods</I>. Twenty-eight <I>Candida</I> strains from blood cultures that had been identified as <I>C. famata</I> (<I>N</I> = 25), <I>C. famata</I>/<I>C. guilliermondii</I> (<I>N</I> = 2), and <I>C. guilliermondii</I> (<I>N</I> = 1) by the VITEK 2 system using the YST ID card were included. We identified these strains by MALDI-TOF MS and gene sequencing using the 28S rRNA and <I>ITS</I> genes and compared the results with those obtained by the VITEK 2 system. <I>Results</I>. All 28 isolates were finally identified as <I>C. guilliermondii.</I> Sequencing analysis of the 28S rRNA gene showed 99.80%–100% similarity with <I>C. guilliermondii</I> for all 28 strains. The <I>ITS</I> gene sequencing of the strains showed 98.34%–100% homology with <I>C. guilliermondii.</I> By MALDI-TOF, we could correctly identify 21 (75%) of 28 <I>C. guilliermondii</I> isolates. <I>Conclusion</I>. We should suspect misidentification when <I>C. famata</I> is reported by the VITEK 2 system, and we always should keep in mind the possibility of misidentification of any organism when an uncommon species is reported.</P>
Kim, Si Hyun,Bae, Il Kwon,Park, Dongchul,Lee, Kyungmin,Kim, Na Young,Song, Sae Am,Kim, Hye Ran,Jeon, Ga Won,Urm, Sang-Hwa,Shin, Jeong Hwan Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 BioMed research international Vol.2016 No.-
<P><I>Introduction</I>.<I> Streptococcus pneumoniae</I> is an important pathogen with high morbidity and mortality rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of common serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of<I> S. pneumoniae</I> in Korea.<I> Methods</I>. A total of 378 pneumococcal isolates were collected from 2008 through 2014. We analyzed the serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility for both invasive and noninvasive isolates.<I> Results</I>. Over the 7 years, 3 (13.5%), 35 (10.8%), 19A (9.0%), 19F (6.6%), 6A (6.1%), and 34 (5.6%) were common serotypes/serogroups. The vaccine coverage rates of PCV7, PCV10, PCV13, and PPSV23 were 21.4%, 23.3%, 51.9%, and 62.4% in all periods. The proportions of serotypes 19A and 19F decreased and nonvaccine serotypes increased between 2008 and 2010 and 2011 and 2014. Of 378<I> S. pneumoniae</I> isolates, 131 (34.7%) were multidrug resistant (MDR) and serotypes 19A and 19F were predominant. The resistance rate to levofloxacin was significantly increased (7.2%).<I> Conclusion</I>. We found changes of pneumococcal serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility during the 7 years after introduction of the first pneumococcal vaccine. It is important to continuously monitor pneumococcal serotypes and their susceptibilities.</P>
Kim Gyu Ri,Kim Eun-Young,Kim Si Hyun,Lee Hae Kyung,Lee Jaehyeon,Shin Jong Hee,Kim Young Ree,Song Sae Am,Jeong Joseph,Uh Young,Kim Yu Kyung,Yong Dongeun,Kim Hyun Soo,Kim Sunjoo,Kim Young Ah,Shin Kyeong 대한진단검사의학회 2023 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.43 No.1
Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a serious pathogen causing various infections in humans. We evaluated the serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of S. pneumoniae causing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)13 in Korea and investigated the epidemiological characteristics of multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates. Methods: S. pneumoniae isolates causing IPD were collected from 16 hospitals in Korea between 2017 and 2019. Serotyping was performed using modified sequential multiplex PCR and the Quellung reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the broth microdilution method. Multilocus sequence typing was performed on MDR isolates for epidemiological investigations. Results: Among the 411 S. pneumoniae isolates analyzed, the most prevalent serotype was 3 (12.2%), followed by 10A (9.5%), 34 (7.3%), 19A (6.8%), 23A (6.3%), 22F (6.1%), 35B (5.8%), 11A (5.1%), and others (40.9%). The coverage rates of PCV7, PCV10, PCV13, and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV)23 were 7.8%, 7.8%, 28.7%, and 59.4%, respectively. Resistance rates to penicillin, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, and levofloxacin were 13.1%, 9.2%, 80.3%, and 4.1%, respectively. MDR isolates accounted for 23.4% of all isolates. Serotypes 23A, 11A, 19A, and 15B accounted for the highest proportions of total isolates at 18.8%, 16.7%, 14.6%, and 8.3%, respectively. Sequence type (ST)166 (43.8%) and ST320 (12.5%) were common among MDR isolates. Conclusions: Non-PCV13 serotypes are increasing among invasive S. pneumoniae strains causing IPD. Differences in antimicrobial resistance were found according to the specific serotype. Continuous monitoring of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance is necessary for the appropriate management of S. pneumoniae infections.