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Do Various Respirator Models Fit the Workers in the Norwegian Smelting Industry?
Solveig Foereland,Oeystein Robertsen,Marit Noest Hegseth 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.3
Background: Respirator fit testing is a method to assess if the respirator provides an adequate face seal for the worker. Methods: Workers from four Norwegian smelters were invited to participate in the study, and 701 respirator fit tests were performed on 127 workers. Fourteen respirator models were included: one FFABE1P3 and 11 FFP3 respirator models produced in one size and two silicone half masks with P3 filters available in three sizes. The workers performed a quantitative fit test according to Health and Safety Executive 282/28 with 5e6 different respirator models, and they rated the respirators based on comfort. Predictors of overall fit factors were explored. Results: The pass rate for all fit tests was 62%, 56% for women, and 63% for men. The silicone respirators had the highest percentage of passed tests (92e100%). The pass rate for the FFP3 models varied from 19 e89%, whereas the FFABE1P3 respirator had a pass rate of 36%. Five workers did not pass with any respirators, and 14 passed with all the respirators tested. Only 63% passed the test with the respirator they normally used. The mean comfort score on the scale from 1 to 5 was 3.2. The respirator model was the strongest predictor of the overall fit factor. The other predictors (age, sex, and comfort score) did not improve the fit of the model. Conclusion: There were large differences in how well the different respirator models fitted the Norwegian smelter workers. The results can be useful when choosing which respirators to include in respirator fit testing programs in similar populations.
Perceived Causes of Work-Related Sick Leave Among Hospital Nurses in Norway: A Prepandemic Study
Ose, Solveig Osborg,Ferevik, Hilde,Hapnes, Tove,Oyum, Lisbeth Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2022 Safety and health at work Vol.13 No.3
Background: Although sick leave is a complex phenomenon, it is believed that there is potential for prevention at the workplace. However, little is known about this potential and what specific measures should be implemented. The purpose of the study was to identify perceived reasons to take work-related sick leave and to suggest preventive measures. The study was completed before the COVID-19 pandemic emerged, and the risk factors identified may have been amplified during the pandemic. Methods: An in-depth cross-sectional survey was conducted across a randomly selected sample of hospital nurses in Norway. The national sample comprised 1,297 nurses who participated in a survey about their sick leave during the previous 6 months. An open-ended question about perceived reasons for work-related sick leave was included to gather qualitative information. Results: Among hospital nurses, 27% of the last occurring sick leave incidents were perceived to be work-related. The most common reasons were high physical workload, high work pace, sleep problems, catching a viral or bacterial infection from patients or colleagues, and low staffing. Conclusions: Over a quarter of the last occurring sick leave incidents among Norwegian hospital nurses are potentially preventable. To retain and optimize scarce hospital nursing resources, strategies to reduce work-related sick leave may provide human and financial benefits. Preventive measures may include careful monitoring of nurses' workload and pace, optimizing work schedules to reduce the risk of sleep problems, and increasing staffing to prevent stress and work overload.
Do Various Respirator Models Fit the Workers in the Norwegian Smelting Industry?
Foereland, Solveig,Robertsen, Oeystein,Hegseth, Marit Noest Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.3
Background: Respirator fit testing is a method to assess if the respirator provides an adequate face seal for the worker. Methods: Workers from four Norwegian smelters were invited to participate in the study, and 701 respirator fit tests were performed on 127 workers. Fourteen respirator models were included: one FFABE1P3 and 11 FFP3 respirator models produced in one size and two silicone half masks with P3 filters available in three sizes. The workers performed a quantitative fit test according to Health and Safety Executive 282/28 with 5-6 different respirator models, and they rated the respirators based on comfort. Predictors of overall fit factors were explored. Results: The pass rate for all fit tests was 62%, 56% for women, and 63% for men. The silicone respirators had the highest percentage of passed tests (92-100%). The pass rate for the FFP3 models varied from 19-89%, whereas the FFABE1P3 respirator had a pass rate of 36%. Five workers did not pass with any respirators, and 14 passed with all the respirators tested. Only 63% passed the test with the respirator they normally used. The mean comfort score on the scale from 1 to 5 was 3.2. The respirator model was the strongest predictor of the overall fit factor. The other predictors (age, sex, and comfort score) did not improve the fit of the model. Conclusion: There were large differences in how well the different respirator models fitted the Norwegian smelter workers. The results can be useful when choosing which respirators to include in respirator fit testing programs in similar populations.
Erta Kalanxhi,Karianne Risberg,Imon S. Barua,Svein Dueland,Stein Waagene,Solveig Norheim Andersen,Solveig J. Pettersen,Jessica M. Lindvall,Kathrine Røe Redalen,Kjersti Flatmark,Anne Hansen Ree 대한암학회 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.2
Purpose When integrating molecularly targeted compounds in radiotherapy, synergistic effects of the systemic agent and radiation may extend the limits of patient tolerance, increasing the demand for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of treatment toxicity. In this Pelvic Radiation and Vorinostat (PRAVO) study, we investigated mechanisms of adverse effects in response to the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA) when administered as a potential radiosensitiser. Materials and Methods This phase I study for advanced gastrointestinal carcinoma was conducted in sequential patient cohorts exposed to escalating doses of vorinostat combined with standard-fractionated palliative radiotherapy to pelvic target volumes. Gene expression microarray analysis of the study patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was followed by functional validation in cultured cell lines and mice treated with SAHA. Results PBMC transcriptional responses to vorinostat, including induction of apoptosis, were confined to the patient cohort reporting dose-limiting intestinal toxicities. At relevant SAHA concentrations, apoptotic features (annexin V staining and caspase 3/7 activation, but not poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase cleavage) were observed in cultured intestinal epithelial cells. Moreover, SAHA-treated mice displayed significant weight loss. Conclusion The PRAVO study design implemented a strategy to explore treatment toxicity caused by an HDAC inhibitor when combined with radiotherapy and enabled the identification of apoptosis as a potential mechanism responsible for the dose-limiting effects of vorinostat. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report deciphering mechanisms of normal tissue adverse effects in response to an HDAC inhibitor within a combined-modality treatment regimen.
Kushtrim Disha,Solveig Schulz,Martin Breuer,Tamer Owais,Evaldas Girdauskas,Thomas Kuntze 대한흉부외과학회 2019 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.52 No.5
Concomitant Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) and hematologic malignancies are exceptionally rare. This is the first report of a patient operated on for aortic root dilation who had been previously diagnosed with LDS and B-cell-lymphoma. After completion of chemotherapy and complete remission, an elective valve-sparing aortic root replacement (using the David-V method) was performed. Due to the positive family history, preoperative genetic counseling was conducted, and revealed LDS with a TGFBR1 (transforming growth factor beta receptor type I) mutation in 6 probands of the family, albeit in 1 of them posthumously. This missense mutation has been previously described in relation to aortic dissection, but a causative relationship to malignancy has so far neither been proposed nor proven.
Georgios Kazanidis,Solveig Bourgeois,Ursula F. M. Witte 한국해양과학기술원 2019 Ocean science journal Vol.54 No.2
Carbonate removal using acids is a common practice in ecological studies. The effects, however, of acid pre-treatment on the elemental and isotopic composition of marine invertebrates as well as how these effects vary according to species’ carbonate content is little known. We examined the effects of acid pre-treatment on the elemental (%C, %N, C:N ratio (%C:%N)) and isotopic composition (δ13C, δ15N) of 28 lightly- and heavily-calcified species from Cnidaria, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Bryozoa, Echinodermata and Chordata. The present study showed that acid pre-treatment modified the elemental and isotopic composition of lightly- and heavily-calcified marine invertebrates. The shifts were clearly seen as a decrease in the %C and δ13C of heavily-calcified species while we did not detect a clear pattern for %N and δ15N (in both lightly- and heavily calcified species). Apart from carbonates, acid pre-treatment caused also the loss of organic compounds, thus confounding the interpretation of carbonate proxy (CP) -a widely used proxy for carbonate content. We recommend the use of CP solely with heavily-calcified species. For the first time it was shown that the use of δ15N values from acidified samples can introduce substantial bias in our perception about the number of trophic levels, the distribution of species and distribution of biomass across the trophic levels in a community. We have uncovered and elucidated previously unknown aspects and highlighted the challenge posed when predicting shifts in elemental and isotopic composition of species following acid pre-treatment. The present findings should be considered in future studies using acid pre-treatment as they can contribute to the optimum use of samples while avoiding bias in the interpretation of findings.