Application of a wet oxidation method for the quantification of ³H and ¹⁴C in low-level radwastes

Ahn, H.J.,Song, B.C.,Sohn, S.C.,Lee, M.H.,Song, K.,Jee, K.Y. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 Applied radiation and isotopes Vol.81 No.-

Wet oxidation methods are utilized to separate and quantify <SUP>3</SUP>H and <SUP>14</SUP>C radionuclides in inorganic and organic radwastes generated at nuclear facilities. Because <SUP>3</SUP>H and <SUP>14</SUP>C are pure beta emitters with half-lives of 12.3 and 5,730 years, respectively, these radionuclides should be chemically separated from other radionuclides present in radwastes for accurate quantification. In particular, a collection technique for <SUP>14</SUP>C radionuclide in radwastes is needed because it is converted into <SUP>14</SUP>CO<SUB>2</SUB> gas by an oxidation reaction. To confirm the recoveries of <SUP>3</SUP>H and <SUP>14</SUP>C, various standard radioactive sources were used to verify the proposed method. Because the majority of <SUP>3</SUP>H radionuclides are distributed in tritiated water (HTO), only tritiated water was used as a standard for <SUP>3</SUP>H radionuclides. Additionally, <SUP>14</SUP>C-labeled methanol (<SUP>14</SUP>CH<SUB>3</SUB>OH), lauric acid (<SUP>14</SUP>CH<SUB>3</SUB>(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>10</SUB>COOH), sodium bicarbonate (NaH<SUP>14</SUP>CO<SUB>3</SUB>), and toluene (C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB><SUP>14</SUP>CH<SUB>3</SUB>) were used as <SUP>14</SUP>C standards. The compounds were oxidized with chemical oxidants and then separated. The individual species were mixed with a scintillation cocktail and counted using a liquid scintillation counter. The recoveries of <SUP>14</SUP>C and <SUP>3</SUP>H were 82-97% and 98%, respectively. The wet oxidation method will be applied to RI wastes for clearance.

한국재래계의 염색체 분염 표지 분석

백규흠,이철영,상병돈,최철환,김학규,손시환 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.1

본 연구에서는 국내 고유 재래 가축들의 유전정보와 유전학적 개량의 기초자료 제공을 목적으로 고분염 분석(high-resolution banding) 방법에 의한 한국재래계의 염색체 분염 표지를 제시하였다. 본 연구에 공시된 한국재래계로서의 축산기술연구소에서 계통화 시킨 황갈색 및 적갈색계통으로 이들이 생산한 수정란의 초기 배자를 이용하여 염색체 분석을 수행하였으며 닭의 초기배자에 EtBr 및 colchicine을 처리함으로써 보다 양호한 고정도 염색체를 획득하였다. 한국 재래계의 GTG-banding 결과 모든 상동염색체간에 뚜렷하고 특징적인 band 양상을 얻을 수 있었으며, Leghorn 및 국제표준핵형(ISSAK)과 비교시 염색체의 형태적 양상에서는 거의 차이가 없는 것으로 분석되었고 대표적 landmark간에도 거의 일치되는 양상을 보였다. 그러나 대부분의 한국재래계의 대형염색체에서 더 많은 G-band의 분리 양상을 보이고 특히 1번 및 Z염색체에서 특징적 분리 양상의 차이를 보였다. 한국재래계의 C-banding 분석에서는 세포별 heterochromatin의 다형성을 보이기는 하나 대부분의 염색체의 동원체와 말단부위에서 C-band가 나타났으며, Z 염색체 장완 말단부와 W 염색체 전체에서는 거의 모든 세포에서 C-band가 출현하였다. 또한 3번 염색체 동원체와 Z 염색체 장완 말단부에서 특징적 다형성을 나타내어 이들 염색체들에서는 상동염색체간 heterochromatin의 이형적 양상(heteromorphic)이 존재함을 밝혔다. The present study was carried out to establish the standard karyotype of the Korean Native Chicken and to find their chromosomal band markers using high-resolution banding technique. Chromosome analysis was performed on early chick embryos following in vitro culture of fertilized eggs of the yellow-brown and the red-brown lines of the Korean Native Chicken which had been established at National Livestock Research Institute. The high-resolution banding of the chromosome was achieved by treating the embryos with ethidium bromide and colchicine during culture. On GTG-banding, the Korean Native Chicken exhibited a typical chick banding pattern in all the macrochromosomes. Overall chromosomal morphology and positions of typical landmarks of the Korean Native Chicken were virtually identical to those of White Leghorn International System for Standardized Avian Karyotypes(ISSAK0. However, the lengths and G-band number of the Korean Native Chicken macrochromosomes were greater than those of White Leghorn and ISSAK. Especially in chromosomes I and Z. the Korean Native Chicken exhibited more separated bands in compared with ISSAK. In C-banding patterns, although a lot of observed cells had C-band polymorphic patterns. almost the Korean Native Chicken macrochromosomes had heterochromatic C-band on centromeres and/or near terminal part. However, the heterochromatic C-band was constantly observed at the end of q-arm of Z chromosomes and on the whole W chromosome. In addition, the Korean Native Chicken exhibited distinctive heteromorphic patterns of C-bands on the centromere of chromosome 3 and at the end of q-arm of Z chromosome between homologous chromosomes.

칡소의 염색체 양상과 핵형 분석

손시환,고영두,김두환,박구부,이정규,이철영,신철교,정희식,곽석준,박명구,천민성,백철승 한국축산학회 2000 한국축산학회지 Vol.42 No.1

The Korean Native Stripped Cattle known as Chickso have distinctive black hair belts all over the body to varying extents on a Hanwoo(Korean Cattle)-like yellowish brown background. These Battle are remaining only in a limited area of this country and are known to yield a flavorful meat somewhat distinct from that of Hanwoo, but their genetic lineage has not been identified. We have carried out karyotyping of these cattle firm the lymphocyte culture. Blood samples were collected from 20 of male and female cattle that had been bred at Poongjeon Farm located in Kosong, Kyongnam, and were subjected to chromosomal morphology and G- and C-banding analysis. Chickso, like Hanwoo, had 58 autosomes and X and Y sex chromosomes which were morphologically very similar to those of the latter. All the 58 autosomes revealed almost a zero value of centromeric index, suggesting that they are acrocentric; sex chromosomes X and Y were submetacentric and metacentric, respectively. Following G-banding, the light bands appeared near the centromeric site in all the autosomes whereas the specific dark bands were consistently visible in each homologous chromosome. Overall, the G-banding pattern was nearly identical between the Chickso and Hanwoo. C-bands representing the heterochromatin were present at or near the centromere in all the autosomes, whereas in sex chromosomes, they were found distributed on variable sites. The proportion of constitutive heterochromatin ranged 20∼30%. These patterns were not significantly different between the two subspecies. All of these cytogenetic results suggest that the distinctive traits of Chickso did not arise from a cytogenetic variation from Hanwoo, i. e. the former is simply a subpopulation of the latter. As such, we propose that selection and propagation of the Chickso based on economic traits may be advantageous to the domestic beef industry.

Modified iliac screw fixation: technique and clinical application

Sohn, S.,Chung, C. K.,Kim, Y. J.,Kim, C. H.,Park, S. B.,Kim, H. Springer-Verlag 2016 Acta neurochirurgica Vol. No.

<P>A conventional iliac bolt and the S2 alar iliac screw fixation technique (S2AI) are commonly used sacropelvic fixation techniques. However, conventional iliac bolt technique requires a lateral connector and commonly has prominent screw head problems. S2AI reportedly has a high instrument failure rate. We aim to introduce a modified iliac screw fixation technique and to investigate its clinical application in adult patients. The entrance site of the modified iliac screw fixation technique was 1 cm medial and 1 cm caudal from the posterosuperior iliac spine. From 2009 to 2015, ten adult patients underwent sacropelvic fixation with the modified iliac screw fixation technique in our spine clinic. A minimum 12-month clinical and radiographic follow-up was adopted. The mean follow-up period was 30.7 months (12-74 months). Mean number of fixation levels was 7.7 segments (5-10 segments). Postoperatively, the C7 plumb line (SVA) was significantly decreased (P = 0.04). Upon the last X-ray, SVA did not differ between postoperative and the last X-ray (P = 0.1). There was no breakage during our follow-up period. There was no prominent screw head. There were no cases requiring implant removal. The modified iliac screw fixation technique does not cause prominence in the sacral region, and does not require a lateral connector, both of which are necessary when using the classical iliac bolt technique. This technique also avoids the acute angle between the screw head and the shaft of the screw commonly seen in S2AI. The modified iliac screw fixation technique can be an effective alternative for sacropelvic fixation.</P>

옥수수 - 대두박 사료내 미생물 Phytase 의 첨가가 브로일러의 생산능력에 미치는 영향

손광수,권관,권찬호,장재익,주종철,유문일,최양웅 한국축산학회 1999 한국축산학회지 Vol.41 No.5

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of a domestic phytase originated from bacterial source on performance of starter and Bower broiler chicks. It was basically designed to meet NRC requirement for the contents of calcium and phosphorus when the contents of Ca and P in the feeds were met to 100%(Control; C) and 80%(P0) of the NRC requirement. Three different bacterial phytase(0, 300, 500PU) were supplemented to basal diet and compared it's effect on growth performance, nutritional digestibility, fecal N and P excretion, tibial Ca and P content. A total 200 broiler chicks were assigned to 4 treatments with 5 replications per treatment, 10 chicks of each replication. The weight gain(1,581.6g) in control treatment(C) was slightly higher than that of P0(1,557.7g). Although phytase treatments(P300 and P500) tended to show higher weight gain as compared to treatments without phytase, there were no significant differences among the treatments. No differences were observed among dietary treatments for feed efficiency although broiler chicks fed control diet (1.94) tended to show slightly better feed efficiency than those fed P0 diet(1.99). The excretion of P per kg weight gain tended to be decreased by 17% when 300PU of bacterial phytase was fed to starter and by 10% when 500PU was fed to Bower. However, there were no statistical significances among the treatments. It was concluded that the addition of phytase had neither affects in improving of utilization efficiencies of dry matter, crude protein, and crude fat, nor efficiencies of Ca and P. The supplemental of phytase at the level of 500 ppm for both stages of broiler chick diets was assumed to appropriate.

Anti-obesity effect of Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum Baker extract in high-fat diet-induced and monogenic obese mice

Jeong, Y.J.,Sohn, E.H.,Jung, Y.H.,Yoon, W.J.,Cho, Y.M.,Kim, I.,Lee, S.R.,Kang, S.C. Masson Pub. USA, Inc 2016 Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy Vol.82 No.-

<P>This study determined the anti-obesity effect of Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum Baker extract (CAE) on adipocytes and obese mice. The inhibitory effects of CAE on adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis were determined using differentiation induction medium in 3T3-L1 cells. To get an insight into underlying molecular actions of CAE, we investigated the changes in the expression levels of genes involved in lipogenesis by CAE treatment using qRT-PCR. CAE strongly suppressed adipocyte differentiation through downregulation of PPAR gamma, C/EBP alpha, C/EBP beta, and aP2. CAE treatment could also suppress the expression levels of ACC, FAS, LPL and HMGCR gene in 3T3-L1 cells. Male C57BL/6 strain and C57BL/6J-ob/ob strain mice were fed with HFD containing 60% fat and normal diet in the presence or absence of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg CAE for 7 weeks. CAE supplementation could highly suppress the body weight gain and epididymal fat accumulation without changes in food uptake in both obese models. Increases in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride were highly suppressed in the presence of CAE. In summary, CAE has an anti-obesity effect and this anti-obesity potential might be associated with downregulation of genes involved in adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. Crown Copyright (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.</P>

Elevated high-mobility group B1 levels in active adult-onset Still’s disease associated with systemic score and skin rash

Jung, J. Y.,Suh, C. H.,Sohn, S.,Nam, J. Y.,Kim, H. A. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY Vol.35 No.8

<P>High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein, and such prototypical damage-associated molecular patterns mediate the immune response in the noninfectious inflammatory response. Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a systemic inflammatory disorder involved in the dysregulation of innate immunity. We investigated the serum HMGB1 level in patients with AOSD and evaluated its clinical significance. Blood samples were collected from 40 patients with active AOSD and 40 healthy controls (HC). Of the patients with AOSD, follow-up samples were collected from 16 patients after a resolution of AOSD disease activity. Serum HMGB1 levels in patients with AOSD were higher than those of the HC (10.0 +/- 5.85 vs. 5.15 +/- 1.79 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Serum HMGB1 levels were found to be correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) and the systemic score. The AOSD patient who had a sore throat showed a higher serum HMGB1 level than those patients who did not, and the patient with a skin rash had higher levels than the patients without. In addition, the serum HMGB1 levels were decreased after the resolution of disease activity in the AOSD patients who were followed up. The serum HMGB1 levels were elevated in AOSD patients compared to the HC and were correlated with both CRP and the systemic score. The HMGB1 levels were associated with skin rash and a sore throat in AOSD patients. After the resolution of disease activity, serum HMGB1 levels were found to have decreased.</P>

Electronic and steric effects controlling efficiencies of photoaddition reactions of fullerene C₆₀ with N-α-trimethylsilyl-N-alkyl-N-benzylamines

Jeong, H.C.,Lim, S.H.,Sohn, Y.,Kim, Y.I.,Jang, H.,Cho, D.W.,Mariano, P.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Tetrahedron letters: the international organ for t Vol.58 No.10

Single electron transfer (SET)-promoted photoaddition reactions between fullerene C<SUB>60</SUB> and both various alkyl (Me, Et, i-Pr, t-Bu)- and para-substituted (p-Me, p-OMe, p-F, p-CF<SUB>3</SUB>) arene ring containing, N-α-trimethylsilyl-N-alkyl-N-benzylamines were explored to gain information about photoproduct profiles and how the electronic and steric nature of the amine substrates influence reaction efficiencies. The results show that visible light (λ>540nm) irradiation of 10% EtOH-toluene solutions containing C<SUB>60</SUB> and N-α-trimethylsilyl-N-alkyl-N-benzylamines produce 1-aminomethyl-1,2-dihydrofullerenes as a sole photoproduct. In addition, SET-promoted photoaddition reactions of unsubstituted and para-electron donating group substituted arene ring containing N-α-trimethylsilyl-N-alkyl-N-benzylamines take place to give photoproducts more efficiently than those containing para-electron withdrawing group substituted arene rings. Moreover, although steric factors are less significant than the electronic nature of the amine substrates in governing reaction efficiencies, sterics do play a significant role in photoreactions of electron deficient amine substrates.

방사성동위원소심혈관조영술상 관찰된 주폐동맥유와 동맥관개존증이 병발된 1예

조보연,이명철,고창순,한만청,손인,윤용수,홍창의,노준량,연경모 대한핵의학회 1981 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.15 No.2

A Case of main pulmonary artery aneurysm in a 9-year-old boy with patent ductus arteriosus is presented. In this case presented with a huge mass density on the chest X-ray, radionuclide cardiac angiography showed a vascular lesion, which was confirmed as an aneurysm of the main pulmonary artery at roentgenologic angiogram. The aneurysm appeared following an episode of bacterial endocarditis and pulmonary hypertension. A successfu1 aneurysmectomy with multiple ligation of ductus arteriosus was performed.

Mepivacaine-induced contraction involves increased calcium sensitization mediated via Rho kinase and protein kinase C in endothelium-denuded rat aorta

Ok, S.H.,Kwon, S.C.,Yeol Han, J.,Yu, J.,Shin, I.W.,Lee, H.K.,Chung, Y.K.,Choi, M.J.,Sohn, J.T. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 european journal of pharmacology Vol.723 No.-

Mepivacaine is an aminoamide local anesthetic that produces vasoconstriction in vivo and in vitro. The goals of this in vitro study were to determine whether mepivacaine-induced contraction involves calcium sensitization in isolated endothelium-denuded aortas, and to investigate the specific protein kinases involved. The effects of mepivacaine and potassium chloride on intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>]<SUB>i</SUB>) and tension in the presence or absence of Y-27632 or GF 109203X were measured simultaneously using the acetoxymethyl ester of fura-2-loaded aortic strips. Cumulative mepivacaine concentration-response curves were generated in the presence or absence of the following inhibitors: Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF 109203X, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor PD 98059, c-Jun NH<SUB>2</SUB>-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB 203580. Phosphorylation of PKC and MAPK, and membrane translocation of Rho kinase were detected in vascular smooth muscle cells by Western blotting. The slope of the mepivacaine-induced [Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>]<SUB>i</SUB>-tension curve was higher than that of the KCl-induced [Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>]<SUB>i</SUB>-tension curve. Pretreatment with Y-27632 or GF 109203X shifted the mepivacaine-induced [Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>]<SUB>i</SUB>-tension curve to the lower right. Pretreatment with Y-27632, GF 109203X, PD 98059, or SP600125 attenuated mepivacaine-induced contraction in a concentration-dependent manner. Y-27632 and GF 109203X attenuated mepivacaine-induced Rho kinase membrane translocation and PKC phosphorylation, respectively. PD 98059 and SP600125 attenuated mepivacaine-induced ERK and JNK phosphorylation, respectively. Taken together, these results indicate that mepivacaine-induced contraction involves increased calcium sensitization mediated by Rho kinase and PKC. Such contraction mainly involves activation of ERK- and JNK-mediated pathways.