컨볼루션 신경망의 신뢰도 규제를 이용한 CT 영상에서 악성 난소 종양 판별 방법

이민경,정민영,설애란,정현훈,신영길 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 2020 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 논문지 Vol.16 No.2

의료 영상 분야에서 컴퓨터 보조 진단 시스템은 의사의 영상 판독을 보조하기 위한 도구로써 필요성이 점차 증대되 고 있다. 특히, CT 영상에서 악성 종양에 대한 정확한 진단을 위해 보조 진단 시스템이 크게 요구된다. 최근 딥러닝 이 의료 보조 진단 시스템 개발에 도입되면서 획기적인 결과를 보이고 있으나, 실제 임상에서 필요한 높은 일반화 성능을 기대하기에는 여전히 한계가 있다. 낮은 일반화 성능의 주 요인은 훈련 데이터의 부족 및 극심한 불균형이 다. 본 논문에서는 의료 영상 분야 최초로 신뢰도 페털티를 도입하여 높은 정확도로 CT 영상에서 악성 난소 종양을 판별하는 방법을 제안한다. 과적합을 방지하고 일반화 성능을 향상시키기 위해 딥러닝의 마지막 출력에 신뢰도 페널 티를 도입하였다. 마지막 출력 분포의 정규화는 적은 훈련 데이터를 사용하였음에도 불구하고 일반화 성능을 성공적 으로 향상시켰다. 50명의 영상에 대해 실험한 결과, AU-ROC(Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve) 점수와 분류 정확도가 각각 0.99, 96%로, 신뢰도 페널티를 추가하기 전보다 정확도가 각각 10%, 20% 향상되었다. 또한 클래스 액티베이션 맵의 가시화를 통해 딥러닝 모델의 예측에 근거를 제시함으 로써 제안한 방법이 실제 임상에서 성공적인 보조적 도구가 될 수 있음을 확인하였다. Deep learning has been widely developed to provide Computer-Aided Diagnosis(CAD) system in the field of medical imaging. Among the applications, an accurate diagnosis of malignant tumor from CT images is one of the most highly demanded field. Although deep learning is showing groundbreaking results on medical CAD systems, it is still challenging to provide high generalization performance, which is critical for an actual deployment of the system on daily medical diagnosis. The main difficulty arises from the deficiency of training data and extreme class imbalance. In this paper, we propose an accurate classification method for the malignant tumor in ovarian CT images based on preventing overfitting. To avoid the overfitting and improve the performance of generalization, we employed confidence penalty loss to the final output. A regularization on the final output distribution successfully achieved high generalization performance while training with insufficient dataset. In the experiment, AU-ROC(Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve) score and classification accuracy marked 0.99 and 96%, which were 10% and 20% improvements, respectively, compared to the loss without the confidence penalty. Moreover, we present a visualization of class activation maps, which provides an explainable results indicating that the proposed method can be a successful measure for a CAD system.

Combining Genome Shuffling with Streptomycin Resistance to Improve Poly-γ-L-diaminobutanoic Acid Production in Bacillus pumilus

Shu Li,Liang Wang,Nan Wang,Wei Cong 한국생물공학회 2021 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.26 No.4

A breeding approach combining genome shuffling with streptomycin resistance was developed in this research to improve the poly-γ-L-diaminobutanoic acid (γ-PAB) production in Bacillus pumilus LS-1. By this unique strategy, recombinants from the third round of genome shuffling could tolerate 18 μg/L of streptomycin and exhibited higher γ-PAB yield as 152.2 mg/L in shakeflask fermentation, 3-fold over the parent. In batch fermentation, B. pumilus GS3-9 could produce γ-PAB as high as 1284.7 mg/L in two days, 2.4-fold higher than the control, which was the highest productivity ever reported. In addition, the optimal pH in B. pumilus for γ-PAB synthesis was changed after atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis and protoplast fusion, because lower pH environment is favorable for accumulation of intracellular ATP. Some key enzymes in GS3-9 showed higher activities than those in parent, suggesting a greater flux to TCA circle and DAP pathway, which was a reason for enhanced γ-PAB production.

Wave-Amplitude Transmission Matrix Approach to the Analysis of the Electromagnetic Planewave Reflection and Transmission at Multilayer Material Boundaries

( Shu Li ),( Qiongyue Zhang ),( Bierng-chearl Ahn ) 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2018 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.32 No.2

This paper presents an approach to the problem of electromagnetic planewave reflection and transmission at multilayer material boundaries based on the wave-amplitude matrix method. In this approach, an analogy of the problem to an equivalent transmission line is evoked and the problem of electromagnetic reflection and transmission at material boundaries is modeled with a cascaded connection of a transmission line impedance step and a transmission line section. The generalized scattering matrix formulation is presented for a two-port network followed by the wave-amplitude matrix method for a cascaded two-port network. The wave-amplitude matrix method is then applied to the cascaded connection of transmission lines. Finally the proposed method is applied to the analysis of an anti-reflection coating and a half-wave radome.

Intergeneric Hybridization between Streptomyces albulus and Bacillus subtilis Facilitates Production of ε-Poly-L-lysine from Corn Starch Residues

Shu Li,Nan Wang,Zongjun Du,Guanjun Chen 한국생물공학회 2018 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.23 No.5

Intergeneric hybridization between S.albulus and B. subtilis to produce ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) from corn starch residues (CSR) was investigated in this study. One hybrid, designated S. albulus LS-84, which incorporated the protease gene from B. subtilis, could effectively utilize the protein in CSR as a nitrogen source. In fed-batch fermentation, LS-84 produced 32.6 g/L ε-PL in the presence of 20 g/L CSR. This was an increase of 256.1% compared to that of the parent strain S. albulus LS-01. The rapid hydrolysis of CSR by protease caused rapid growth for LS- 84, which allowed higher respiratory activity. As a result, activities of several key enzymes in LS-84 were higher than those in LS-01; additionally, the content of several intracellular amino acids, such as Asp, Glu, and Arg, was also much higher in LS-84. Therefore, intergeneric hybridization between S. albulus and B. subtilis to produce ε-PL from CSR is an economical method for effective utilization of waste resources.

구조방정식에 기초한 중국 도시 정원의 노인 적합성 평가시스템에 관한 연구

Shuli Ling(Shuli Ling),Yonghwan Pan(Yonghwan Pan) 한국서비스디자인학회 2022 서비스디자인융합연구 Vol.6 No.2

중국 고령화가 가속화되는 배경에서 도시 정원 노인 적합성은 이 미 연구의 중점이 되었다. 그러나 중국 이론 연구 분야를 보면 이와 관련된 연구는 거의 없다. 따라서 본고는 도시 정원 노후성 디자인의 주요 원칙을 분석하였다. 귀납적으로 도시 정원의 노인 적합성에 대한 평가 지표 시스템을 도출하였다. 설문지로 노인들이 평가 지표에 대한 주관적인 평가 데이터를 수집하였다. 본고는 SEM 방법으로 평가 모텔을 구축하고 모델 의합 분석을 통해 평가 지표의 권중 계수를 얻어 도시 정원의 노인 적합성 평가 시스템에 대한 구축을 완성하였다. 분석 결과를 보면 안전성은 개발자들이 가장 주목하는 디자인 원칙으로서 노인들이 가장 주목하지 않는 영향 요소가 되었다. 행사장 등 과거 도시 정원에 부족한 서비스 시설을 배치하는 것이 노인들이 가장 관심을 가지는 영향 요인이었다. 본 평가지표 시스템은 미래 도시 정원 디자인에 사용되고 노인들의 주관적인 느낌을 노인 적합성 평가 결과에 나타내며 사용자와 개발자의 차이를 더욱 잘 파악할 수 있다. 나아가 노인들에게 더 유용하고 사용할 수 있으며 사용하기 쉽고 만족스러운 디자인 체험을 제공한다. With the accelerated aging in China, the elderly suitability of urban gardens has become the focus of research, which is rarely involved in theoretical research in China. Therefore, this paper analyzes the main principles of elderly suitability of urban garden design, summarizes the evaluation index system of elderly suitability of urban garden and collects the subjective data of the elderly's evaluation index through questionnaires. The paper has constructed the evaluation model through the SEM method, obtained the weight coefficient of the evaluation indexes, and completed the construction of the evaluation system for the elderly suitability of urban gardens. From the analysis results, it can be seen that safety, as the design principle that developers are most concerned about, has become the factor that the elderly pay the least attention to, while the service facilities that were often insufficiently configured in urban gardens in the past, such as activity venues, are the factors that the elderly are most concerned about. This evaluation index system is used for future urban garden design, reflecting the elderly's subjective feelings in the evaluation for elderly suitability, helping people to better understand the differences between users and developers, and providing the elderly with more friendly, beneficial, useful and satisfactory experience.

Review : Optimization of Influencing Factors on Biomass Accumulation and 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) Yield in Rhodobacter sphaeroides Wastewater Treatment

( Shuli Liu ),( Xiangkun Li ),( Guangming Zhang ),( Jie Zhang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.11

This study aimed to optimize four factors affecting biomass accumulation and 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) yield together with pollutants removal in Rhodobacter sphaeroides wastewater treatment. Results showed that it was feasible to produce biomass and ALA in R. sphaeroides wastewater treatment. Microaerobic, 1,000-3,000 lux, and pH 7.0 were optimal conditions for the highest ALA yield of 4.5 ± 0.5 mg/g-biomass. Under these conditions, COD removal and biomass production rate were 93.3 ± 0.9% and 31.8 ± 0.5 mg/l/h, respectively. In addition, trace elements Fe2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ further improved the ALA yield, COD removal, and biomass production rate. Specifically, the highest ALA yield (12.5 ± 0.6 mg/g-biomass) was achieved with Fe2+ addition.

The Performance of Knowledge Collaboration in Virtual Teams : An Empirical Study

Shuli Gao,Yanli Guo,Jianbin Chen 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.9 No.8

Paridis Saponins Inhibiting Carcinoma Growth and Metastasis In Vitro and In Vivo

Shuli Man,Wenyuan Gao,Yanjun Zhang,Chaoyi Ma,Liu Yang,Yiwen Li 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.1

Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis extracts, Rhizoma Paridis saponins (RPS) have been found to show strong antitumor activity. However, few studies have yet investigated pulmonary metastasis treatment with this herb. To detail the effective components in RPS and discuss the preliminary mechanism of antitumor effects in vivo and in vitro, a mixture isolated from RPS was investigated. The main constituents were identified as polyphyllin D, formosanin C, dioscin, Paris H, Paris VII and pennogennin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→4)-[β-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside. In our experiments, LA795 cells were exposed to the mixed compounds. Migration inhibition was evaluated by wound healing assay and migration assay in non-cytotoxic dose which was determined by MTT assay. The results demonstrated that the constituent in varying degrees inhibited the migration of the tumor cells in vitro. The mixture also showed antitumor effects on carcinoma in vivo. In conclusion, the mixture is a potent anticancer agent that elicits programmed cell death and inhibits the migration in murine lung adenocarcinoma, both in vitro and in vivo.

Changing Realities for Asian Women Leaders

Hu Shuli 동아시아재단 2011 Global Asia Vol.6 No.3

Impact of high-speed rail network development on airport traffic and traffic distribution: Evidence from China and Japan

Liu, Shuli,Wan, Yulai,Ha, Hun-Koo,Yoshida, Yuichiro,Zhang, Anming Elsevier 2019 Transportation research Part A, Policy and practic Vol.127 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We explore the impacts of high-speed rail (HSR) development on airport-level traffic by considering not only the availability of air-HSR intermodal linkage between the airport and HSR station but also the position of the airport’s city in the HSR network. The latter is measured by both the degree centrality (to reflect connectivity) and the harmonic centrality (to reflect accessibility). Using a sample of 46 airports in China and a sample of 16 airports in Japan over the period of 2007–2015, we conduct regression analysis and compare the effects of HSR network development on airports in these two Northeast Asian countries. We find that as HSR connectivity or accessibility increases, there is, on average, a decline in airports’ domestic and total traffic in China but little change in Japan. Meanwhile, we observe a strong complementary effect of HSR to feed international flights with the presence of air-HSR intermodal linkage. As a result, some airports may experience a total traffic increase. In China, hub airports tend to gain traffic regardless the availability of air-HSR linkage, while non-hub airports are likely to lose. In Japan, on the other hand, airports with air-HSR linkage tend to gain traffic regardless the hub status. Our analysis also reveals some differentiated impacts of HSR connectivity and accessibility in China. An important policy implication is that the investment in air-HSR intermodal linkage at busy airports may not help with realizing the benefit of congestion mitigation and emission reduction. Rather, policy makers may invest air-HSR linkage at regional airports which have the potential to be converted into international gateway hubs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A network view of HSR development is taken to study its impact on airport traffic. </LI> <LI> HSR connectivity and accessibility affect airport traffic differently. </LI> <LI> Airport-HSR station linkage and airport hub status play substantial roles. </LI> <LI> On average the impacts in China are stronger than in Japan, especially in domestic markets. </LI> <LI> HSR development tends to make airport traffic more concentrated to large hubs in China. </LI> </UL> </P>