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Tan, Ce,Mori, Mitsuru,Adachi, Yasushi,Wakai, Kenji,Suzuki, Sadao,Suzuki, Koji,Hashimoto, Shuji,Watanabe, Yoshiyuki,Tamakoshi, Akiko Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.10
Objective: Our aim was to estimate whether diabetes mellitus (DM) may be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality in Japan. Methods: The Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study is a nationwide prospective study, initiated in 1988, which involves 110,585 subjects (age range: from 40 to 79 years; 46,395 males and 64,190 females). Our present analysis population comprised 96,081 (40,510 men and 55,571 women) who provided details on DM history. The questionnaire also included age, sex, weight, height, family history of CRC, smoking, drinking and exercise habits, and education. Cox proportional-hazard regression was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR). We used SPSS 21 software to analyze all data. Results: Among the participants with DM, we followed up for 71,174 person-years and 640. deaths from CRC were confirmed; and, among the non-diabetic participants, 785 CRC deaths were identified during 1,499,324 person-years. After adjusting for multivariate confounding factors, such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), family history of colorectal cancer, smoking habit, drinking habit, physical activity (sports and walking) and education, DM was associated with an increased risk of CRC death (HR 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-2.0). Diabetic women, but not diabetic men, experienced increased mortality from CRC (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0-3.0). Conclusion: The risk of CRC mortality is significantly increased in both sexes and women with diabetes, but no significant increase was seen for diabetic men among Japanese.
Boonnakhom Tangkhavanich,Takashi Kobayashi,Shuji Adachi 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4
Rice stem was repeatedly treated 3 times with subcritical water, ethanol, and 75% (v/v) ethanol in different orders at 230 8C for 5 min during each treatment step to extract its constituents. The obtained extracts were subjected to an analysis of their yield, carbohydrate content, phenolic content, radical scavenging ability, color, and UV absorption spectra. The highest total carbohydrate and phenolic contents were obtained by treatment with subcritical water, and with subcritical ethanol after pretreatment with subcritical water, respectively. However, the extract with the highest radical scavenging ability was obtained by treatment with subcritical 75% (v/v) ethanol as the 1st treatment.
Carbohydrate content and composition of product from subcritical water treatment of coconut meal
Pramote Khuwijitjaru,Kumutakan Watsanit,Shuji Adachi 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.1
Coconut meal, a by-product from coconut milk production, was treated with subcritical water at 100–200 8C for 30–240 min in a batch-type reactor. The analysis focused on the content and constituent neutral sugar of the soluble carbohydrate in the liquid products. The carbohydrate is composed of both monosaccharides and oligosaccharides. Treatments at 100–150 8C gave a small amount of a carbohydrate (3.5–5.1 g/100 g dry coconut meal). At 175 8C, the carbohydrate content increased from 4.9 to 9.6 g/100 g dry coconut meal (p < 0.05) for 30–240 min of treatment, but the value decreased from 10.6 to 6.1 g/100 g dry coconut meal for 30–240 min of treatment at 200 8C. The soluble carbohydrate contained mannose, glucose, galactose and arabinose. A response surface methodology study indicated that 13.9 g/100 g dry coconut meal of mannose in the soluble carbohydrate could be produced at 227 8C in 3 min.