Mechanisms for Hfq-Independent Activation of rpoS by DsrA, a Small RNA, in Escherichia coli

Kim, Wonkyong,Choi, Jee Soo,Kim, Daun,Shin, Doohang,Suk, Shinae,Lee, Younghoon Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2019 Molecules and cells Vol.42 No.5

Many small RNAs (sRNAs) regulate gene expression by base pairing to their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with the help of Hfq in Escherichia coli. The sRNA DsrA activates translation of the rpoS mRNA in an Hfq-dependent manner, but this activation ability was found to partially bypass Hfq when DsrA is overproduced. The precise mechanism by which DsrA bypasses Hfq is unknown. In this study, we constructed strains lacking all three rpoS-activating sRNAs (i.e., ArcZ, DsrA, and RprA) in $hfq^+$ and $Hfq^-$ backgrounds, and then artificially regulated the cellular DsrA concentration in these strains by controlling its ectopic expression. We then examined how the expression level of rpoS was altered by a change in the concentration of DsrA. We found that the translation and stability of the rpoS mRNA are both enhanced by physiological concentrations of DsrA regardless of Hfq, but that depletion of Hfq causes a rapid degradation of DsrA and thereby decreases rpoS mRNA stability. These results suggest that the observed Hfq dependency of DsrA-mediated rpoS activation mainly results from the destabilization of DsrA in the absence of Hfq, and that DsrA itself contributes to the translational activation and stability of the rpoS mRNA in an Hfq-independent manner.

Incontinentia Pigmenti with Multiple Missing Teeth : Case Reports

Shinae Choi,Youngjin Kim,Soonhyeun Nam,Hyunjung Kim 大韓小兒齒科學會 2015 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.42 No.2

색소실조증은 외배엽 이형성증과 같이 다수의 치아결손을 동반하는 선천성 질환으로 Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome이라고불리며 X 연관 우성 유전질환이므로 주로 여아에서 많이 발병한다. 외배엽 및 중배엽 기원 조직인 피부, 눈, 머리카락, 치아및 중추신경계에 증상이 나타나며 Xq28 염색체의 NEMO 유전자의 돌연변이에 의해 발병된다. 본 증례는 유치의 선천적 결손을 주소로 내원한 3명의 환아의 증례를 다루고 있으며 이들은 다수의 유치와 영구치의 선천적 결손, 전치부 원뿔형 치관, 구치부 과잉 교두 등을 보이고 있었다. 치아결손부에 공간 유지 장치를 장착하여 저작기능을회복해 주고 심미적인 문제를 개선해주었으며 계속적인 관찰이 필요하다. Incontinentia pigmenti, also called Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome, is a rare X-linked inherited dominant disorder that affects females, but causes spontaneous abortion of prenatal males. Incontinentia pigmenti is a systemic disease with clinical features similar to ectodermal dysplasia, including congenitally missing teeth. The pathogenesis is related to gene mutations in NF-kappa-B essential modulator on chromosome Xq28. Incontinentia pigmenti is caused by a defect in the developmental stage of organs originating from the ectoderm or mesoderm and involves the skin, eyes, hair, teeth and central nervous system. This report discusses the management of three cases of 3 to 5 years old females with incontinentia pigmenti and accompanying multiple missing teeth. The cases had sparse hair, and showed oligodontia and anomalous crowns with supplementary cusps in the posterior teeth and conical anterior teeth. Removable space maintainers were applied, achieving improved esthetics, recovery of mastication and increased self-esteem in the patients.

Post surface treatment of LiNi_0.6Co_0.1Mn_0.3O₂ electrode with poly(4-vinylphenol) for lithium ion batteries

Kim, Hye Su,Kim, Jaemin,Kim, Shinae,Park, Yeong Don,Mun, Junyoung Elsevier 2017 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.246 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For high energy density and long cycle life of rechargeable lithium ion batteries, the positive electrode of LiNi<SUB>0.6</SUB>Co<SUB>0.1</SUB>Mn<SUB>0.3</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> (NCM-613) is post-surface treated by poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVP) though a spin coating method. The additional PVP coating on the electrode is highly beneficial for improving the cycle life of the cell. It is also found that the PVP coating initially causes a polarization for lithium surface transportation but enhances the rate capability after long cycling by reducing the growth of polarization from the repeated sequences of charge and discharge. To adjust these conflicting behaviours, the coating condition of PVP should be optimized. By using a systematic analysis of X-ray diffraction and surface analyses of field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it is concluded that the PVP surface coating on NCM-613 prevents crystal structure deterioration leading to irreversible structure changes from hexagonal to monoclinic at a high potential of 4.3V vs. Li/Li<SUP>+</SUP>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Surface of NCM is modified by PVP coating </LI> <LI> Spin coating is very facile for post electrode coating. </LI> <LI> PVP coating is finely modified by controlling crosslinking. </LI> <LI> Surface failure of NCM is highly relieved by PVP coating. </LI> <LI> Post electrode coating with PVP is effective for long cyclability. </LI> </UL> </P>

Identification of Two Cases of Ciliopathy-Associated Diabetes and Their Mutation Analysis Using Whole Exome Sequencing

Kim, Min Kyeong,Kwak, Soo Heon,Kang, Shinae,Jung, Hye Seung,Cho, Young Min,Kim, Seong Yeon,Park, Kyong Soo Korean Diabetes Association 2015 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.39 No.5

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Alström syndrome and Bardet-Biedl syndrome are autosomal recessively inherited ciliopathies with common characteristics of obesity, diabetes, and blindness. Alström syndrome is caused by a mutation in the <I>ALMS1</I> gene, and Bardet-Biedl syndrome is caused by mutations in <I>BBS1-16</I> genes. Herein we report genetically confirmed cases of Alström syndrome and Bardet-Biedl syndrome in Korea using whole exome sequencing.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Exome capture was done using SureSelect Human All Exon Kit V4+UTRs (Agilent Technologies). HiSeq2000 system (Illumina) was used for massive parallel sequencing. Sanger sequencing was used for genotype confirmation and familial cosegregation analysis.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A 21-year old Korean woman was clinically diagnosed with Alström syndrome. She had diabetes, blindness, obesity, severe insulin resistance, and hearing loss. Whole exome sequencing revealed a nonsense mutation in exon 10 of <I>ALMS1</I> (c.8776C>T, p.R2926X) and a seven base-pair deletion resulting in frameshift mutation in exon 8 (c.6410_6416del, p.2137_2139del). A 24-year-old Korean man had Bardet-Biedl syndrome with diabetes, blindness, obesity, and a history of polydactyly. Whole exome sequencing revealed a nonsynonymous mutation in exon 11 of the <I>BBS1</I> gene (c.1061A>G, p.E354G) and mutation at the normal splicing recognition site of exon 7 of the <I>BBS1</I> gene (c.519-1G>T).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>We found novel compound heterozygous mutations of Alström syndrome and Bardet-Biedl syndrome using whole exome sequencing. The whole exome sequencing successfully identified novel genetic variants of ciliopathy-associated diabetes.</P>

Fashion brand green demarketing: Effects on customer attitudes and behavior intentions

Kim, Shina,Ko, Eunju,Kim, Sang Jin Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2018 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.9 No.4

A population-based approach indicates an overall higher patient mortality with peritoneal dialysis compared to hemodialysis in Korea

Kim, Hyunwook,Kim, Kyoung Hoon,Park, Kisoo,Kang, Shin-Wook,Yoo, Tae-Hyun,Ahn, Song Vogue,Ahn, Hyeong Sik,Hann, Hoo Jae,Lee, Shina,Ryu, Jung-Hwa,Kim, Seung-Jung,Kang, Duk-Hee,Choi, Kyu Bok,Ryu, Dong-Ry Springer-Verlag 2014 Kidney international Vol.86 No.5

To date, only a few large-scale studies have measured the effect of dialysis modality on mortality in Asian populations. Here, we sought to compare survival between incident hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients using the Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service database. This enabled us to perform a population-based complete survey that included 32,280 incident dialysis patients and followed them for a median of 26.5 months. To reduce biases due to nonrandomization, we first matched 7049 patient pairs with similar propensity scores. Using the log-rank test, we found the mortality rate in PD patients was significantly higher than that in HD patients. Subsequent subgroup analyses indicated that in older patients (55 years and older), with the exception of the subgroup of patients with no comorbidities and the subgroup of patients with malignancy, PD was consistently associated with a higher mortality rate. In younger patients (under 55 years), regardless of the covariates, the survival rate of PD patients was comparable to that of HD patients. Thus, while the overall mortality rate was higher in incident PD patients, mortality rates of some incident PD and HD patients were comparable in Korea.

Bortezomib Induced Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Multiple Myeloma

Shinae Yu,Sung Woo Ryu,Kyoung-Ha Kim,Se-Hyoung Kim,Nam-Su Lee,Sung-Kyu Park,Jong-Ho Won 순천향대학교 순천향의학연구소 2013 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.19 No.1

The tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) commonly occurs in the lymphoproliferative disorder, either spontaneously or in response to therapy. TLS is uncommon in multiple myeloma. However, with the use of bortezomib in the treatment of multiple myeloma, cases of TLS have been reported. We report here threepatients who presented with TLS after the administration of bortezomib. Two of them presented mild symptoms and recovered with hydration only. However, death of the other patient was associated with TLS. We should monitor patients who had high tumor burden, especially in early phase of bortezomib therapy and appropriate prophylaxis for high risk patient is also needed.

β-cell serotonin production is associated with female sex, old age, and diabetes-free condition

Kim, Yeong Gi,Moon, Joon Ho,Kim, Kyuho,Kim, Hyeongseok,Kim, Juok,Jeong, Ji-Seon,Lee, Junguee,Kang, Shinae,Park, Joon Seong,Kim, Hail Academic Press 2017 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Serotonin is known to be present in pancreatic β-cells and to play several physiological roles, including insulin secretion, β-cell proliferation, and paracrine inhibition of α-cells. However, the serotonin production of different cell lines and islets has not been compared based on age, sex, and diabetes related conditions. Here, we directly compared the serotonin concentrations in βTC and MIN6 cell lines, as well as in islets from mice using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The average serotonin concentration was 5–10 ng/mg protein in the islets of male and non-pregnant female mice. The serotonin level was higher in females than males at 8 weeks, although there was no difference at 1 year. Furthermore, we observed serotonin by immunofluorescence staining in the pancreatic tissues of mice and human. Serotonin was detected by immunofluorescence staining in a portion of β-cells from islets of old female mice, but not of male or young female mice. A similar pattern was observed in human pancreas as well. In humans, serotonin production in β-cells was associated with a diabetes-free condition. Thus, serotonin production in β-cells was associated with old age, female sex, and diabetes-free condition.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Actual serotonin concentrations in cell lines and islets are compared. </LI> <LI> Serotonin over-production in mouse β-cell is aged and female specific. </LI> <LI> Ovariectomy lowers serotonin concentrations in islets. </LI> <LI> Serotonin over-production in human β-cell is aged, female, and non-diabetes specific. </LI> </UL> </P>

Technique failure in Korean incident peritoneal dialysis patients: a national population-based study

( Shina Lee ),( Hyunwook Kim ),( Kyoung Hoon Kim ),( Hoo Jae Hann ),( Hyeong Sik Ahn ),( Seung-jung Kim ),( Duk-hee Kang ),( Kyu Bok Choi ),( Dong-ryeol Ryu ) 대한신장학회 2016 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.35 No.4

Background: Technique failure is an important issue for peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. In this study, we aimed to analyze technique failure rate in detail and to determine the predictors for technique failure in Korea. Methods: We identified all patients who had started dialysis between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2008, in Korea, using the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database. A total of 7,614 PD patients were included, and the median follow-up was 24.9 months. Results: The crude incidence rates of technique failure in PD patients were 54.1 per 1,000 patient-years. The cumulative 1-, 2-, and 3-year technique failure rates of PD patients were 4.9%, 10.3%, and 15.6%, respectively. However, those technique failure rates by Kaplan-Meier analysis were overestimated compared with the values by competing risks analysis, and the differences increased with the follow-up period. In multivariate analyses, diabetes mellitus and Medical Aid as a crude reflection of low socioeconomic status were independent risk factors in both the Cox proportional hazard model and Fine and Gray subdistribution model. In addition, cancer was independently associated with a lower risk of technique failure in the Fine and Gray model. Conclusion: Technique failure was a major concern in patients initiating PD in Korea, especially in diabetic patients and Medical Aid beneficiaries. The results of our study offer a basis for risk stratification for technique failure. Copyright ⓒ 2016. The Korean Society of Nephrology. Published by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Unusual truncation of <i>N</i>-acylated peptoids under acidic conditions

Kim, Soomin,Biswas, Goutam,Park, Shinae,Kim, Arim,Park, Hyunjung,Park, Eunsook,Kim, Jeongmi,Kwon, Yong-Uk The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Organic & biomolecular chemistry Vol.12 No.28

<P>The terminal amino groups of peptoids have often been protected with acetyl groups to improve cell permeability and therapeutic potential, and to prevent the poisoning of the catalysts in organometallic reactions. Interestingly, the unusual truncation of the terminal peptoid unit has sometimes been encountered when the acetylated linear peptoids were treated with a TFA cleavage cocktail. In this study, we systematically investigated the electronic effects of acyl groups on the truncation of <I>N</I>-acylated peptoids to rationalize the formation of the deleted peptoids and to establish an appropriate strategy for preventing such undesired truncation.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Systematic studies on the unusual truncation of <I>N</I>-acylated peptoids were carried out to examine the electronic effects of acyl groups, and thus to control the formation of deletion sequences based on a plausible mechanism. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3ob42572j'> </P>