Effects of Polymer Adsorption on Stabilities and CMP Performance of Ceria Abrasive Particles

Shimono Norifumi,Kawaguchi Masami,Koyama Naoyuki The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2006 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.7 No.3

In this paper we present that the effects of polymer adsorption on stabilities and CMP performance of ceria abrasive particles. Characterization of ceria abrasive particles in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) was performed by the measurements of adsorbed amounts of PVP, average sizes, and the back scattering intensities of the ceria abrasive particles as functions of PVP molecular weight and PVP concentration. The ceria abrasive particles in the presence of PVP were used to polish $SiO_2\;and\;Si_3N_4$ films deposited on Si wafers in order to understand the effect of PVP adsorption on chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) performance, together with ceria abrasive particles without PVP. Adsorption of PVP on the ceria abrasive particles enhanced the stability of ceria abrasive particles due to steric stabilization of the thick adsorbed layer of PVP. Removal rates of the deposited $SiO_2\;and\;Si_3N_4$ films by the ceria abrasive particles in the presence of PVP were much lower than those in the absence of PVP and their magnitudes were decreased with an increase in the concentration of free PVP chains in the dispersion media. This suggests that the CMP performance in the presence of PVP could be mainly controlled by the hydrodynamic interactions between the adsorbed PVP chains and the free ones. Moreover, the molecular weight dependence of PVP on the removal rates of the deposited films was hardly observed. On the other hand, high removal rate selectivity between the deposited films in the presence of PVP was not observed.

Contamination of internationally traded wheat by herbicide-resistant Lolium rigidum

Shimono, Yoshiko,Takiguchi, Yoshihiro,Konuma, Akihiro The Korean Society of Weed Science and The Turfgra 2010 Weed Biology and Management Vol.10 No.4

As herbicide-resistant weeds have spread in the agricultural fields of grain-exporting countries, their seeds could be introduced into other countries as contaminants in imported grain. The spread of resistance genes through seed and pollen can cause significant economic loss. In order to assess the extent of the problem, we investigated the contamination by herbicide-resistant annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) of wheat imported from Western Australia into Japan. Annual ryegrass seeds were recovered from wheat shipments and seed bioassays were conducted to identify resistance to the herbicides that are commonly used in Australia: diclofop-methyl, sethoxydim, chlorsulfuron, and glyphosate. Nearly 4500 ryegrass seeds were detected in 20 kg of wheat that was imported in both 2006 and 2007. About 35% and 15% of the seeds were resistant to diclofop-methyl, 5% and 6% were resistant to sethoxydim, and 56% and 60% were resistant to chlorsulfuron in 2006 and 2007, respectively. None was resistant to glyphosate in either year. As the contamination of crops by herbicide-resistant weeds is probably a common phenomenon, the monitoring of incoming grain shipments is necessary to stem the further spread of herbicide-resistant weeds into importing countries.

Importance of The Location of The Negative-charged Counter-ion against The Protonated Schiff Base on The Chromophore Configuration of pharaonis Phoborhodopsin

Shimono, Kazumi,Ikeura, Yukako,Sudo, Yuki,Iwamoto, Masayuki,Kamo, Naoki Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2

pharaonis phoborhodopsin (ppR), a photophobic sensor of haloalkaliphilic bacteria, Natronobacterium phar-aonis, has retinal as a chromophore covalently bound to Lys in G-helix via a protonated Schiff base (PSB), as is the same as bacteriorhodopsin (bR). For ppR, the corresponding counter-ion is Asp residue (Asp75) located in C-helix. Here we investigated the influence of the protonated state of this counter-ion and its location on the chromophore configuration. Under alkaline condition, the chromophore configuration of D75E mutant was analyzed by HPLC. D75E had a much larger content of 13-cis isomer: the ratio of 13-cis to all-trans was 6:4 while the wild-type had this ratio of 1 :9. On the other hand, under acidic condition where Glu was associated, D75E had no 13-cis retinal isomer. Mutants whose Asp75 was replaced by neutral amino acids (D75N and D75Q) did not contain 13-cis retinal. Furthermore, retinal isomer compositions and the change in the visible ab- sorption spectra (indicating the dissociation state of Glu75) were measured under varying pH, and these were almost the same dependencies. These results indicate that an important factor determining the 13-cis isomer content is the presence of negative charge of the counter-ion against PSB, but not the size of this residue. Com- parison between the wild-type and D75E in alkaline solutions indicates the influence of the location of the counter-ion.

연구동향 : 일본에서의 중국수당불교미술사의 연구동향

하야령자(Shimono Akiko) 중국사학회 2002 中國史硏究 Vol.18 No.-

Effects of Polymer Adsorption on Stabilities and CMPPerformance of Ceria Abrasive Particles

Norifumi Shimono,Masami Kawaguchi,Naoyuki Koyama 한국전기전자재료학회 2006 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.7 No.3

In this paper we present that the effects of polymer adsorption on stabilities and CMP performance of ceria abrasive particles. Characterization of ceria abrasive particles in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) was performed by the measurements of adsorbed amounts of PVP, average sizes, and the back scattering intensities of the ceria abrasive particles as functions of PVP molecular weight and PVP concentration. The ceria abrasive particles in the presence of PVP were used to polish SiO2 and Si3N4 films deposited on Si wafers in order to understand the effect of PVP adsorption on chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) performance, together with ceria abrasive particles without PVP. Adsorption of PVP on the ceria abrasive particles enhanced the stability of ceria abrasive particles due to steric stabilization of the thick adsorbed layer of PVP. Removal rates of the deposited SiO2 and Si3N4 films by the ceria abrasive particles in the presence of PVP were much lower than those in the absence of PVP and their magnitudes were decreased with an increase in the concentration of free PVP chains in the dispersion media. This suggests that the CMP performance in the presence of PVP could be mainly controlled by the hydrodynamic interactions between the adsorbed PVP chains and the free ones. Moreover, the molecular weight dependence of PVP on the removal rates of the deposited films was hardly observed. On the other hand, high removal rate selectivity between the deposited films in the presence of PVP was not observed.

Genetic Constitution of Asymmetric Somatic Hybrid Between Oryza Sativa and O. Rufipogon

A. Shimono,A. Kotani,K. Mori 한국육종학회 1997 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.29 No.2

Development of DC Linear Permanent Magnet Machine Based on Multi-Layered Core-less Structure

Tomoyuki Shimono,Shunya Takano,Hiroshi Asai 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

In this paper, a new DC linear permanent magnet machine (LPMM) with multi-layered structure is proposed. This motor can realize high thrust density in the middle layer owing to the core-less structure. Since it alternately stacks permanent magnet modules and winding modules, it can adjust the thrust characteristics by changing the number of layers. In this paper, the basic concept of the proposed motor is firstly introduced. Secondly, the mathematical modelling of the proposed motor is shown. Then, the FEM analysis verifies the stacking effect in the multi-layered structure. Furthermore, the prototype is shown and the proposed motor is validated by experimental results. The observed difference among mathematical results, analysis results, and experimental results is discussed.

ESTIMATING THE SIZE OF BEQUESTS IN JAPAN : 1986-1994

KEIKO, SHIMONO,MIHO, ISUIJAWA 한국국제경제학회 2002 International Economic Journal Vol.16 No.3

In this paper, we present a simple method for estimating the amount and the size of bequests, which is applicable to other countries as well, because it needs only four different kinds of published aggregate data. We estimate the amount of bequests in Japan for 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1992 and 1994-the period of the Japanese bubble economy and the subsequent recession. Bequests, however, have continued to increase with ageing population from 40 to 60 per cent of net household assets and 30 to 40 per cent of national wealth even in the current recession. Our study confirms the importance of bequest, even although only one in four Japanese has an intended bequest motive. [D39, E21, H31]

Photochemistry of <i>Acetabularia</i> RhodopsinII from a Marine Plant, <i>Acetabularia acetabulum</i>

Kikukawa, Takashi,Shimono, Kazumi,Tamogami, Jun,Miyauchi, Seiji,Kim, So Young,Kimura-Someya, Tomomi,Shirouzu, Mikako,Jung, Kwang-Hwan,Yokoyama, Shigeyuki,Kamo, Naoki American ChemicalSociety 2011 Biochemistry Vol.50 No.41

<P><I>Acetabularia</I> rhodopsins are the firstmicrobialrhodopsins discovered in a marine plant organism, <I>Acetabulariaacetabulum</I>. Previously, we expressed <I>Acetabularia</I> rhodopsin II (ARII) by a cell-free system from one of two opsingenes in <I>A. acetabulum</I> cDNA and showed that ARIIis a light-driven proton pump [Wada, T., et al. (2011) <I>J.Mol. Biol.</I><I>411</I>, 986–998]. In thisstudy, the photochemistry of ARII was examined using the flash-photolysistechnique, and data were analyzed using a sequential irreversiblemodel. Five photochemically defined intermediates (P<SUB><I>i</I></SUB>) were sufficient to simulate the data. Noticeably, both P<SUB>3</SUB> and P<SUB>4</SUB> contain an equilibrium mixture of M, N,and O. Using a transparent indium tin oxide electrode, the photoinducedproton transfer was measured over a wide pH range. Analysis of thepH-dependent proton transfer allowed estimation of the p<I>K</I><SUB>a</SUB> values of some amino acid residues. The estimated valueswere 2.6, 5.9 (or 6.3), 8.4, 9.3, 10.5, and 11.3. These values wereassigned as the p<I>K</I><SUB>a</SUB> of Asp81 (Asp85<SUP>BR</SUP>) in the dark, Asp92 (Asp96<SUP>BR</SUP>) at N, Glu199 (Glu204<SUP>BR</SUP>) at M, Glu199 in the dark, an undetermined proton-releasingresidue at the release, and the pH to start denaturation, respectively.Following this analysis, the proton transfer of ARII is discussed.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/bichaw/2011/bichaw.2011.50.issue-41/bi2009932/production/images/medium/bi-2011-009932_0006.gif'></P>

Photochemistry of pharaonis phoborhodopsin and its interaction with the transducer

Kamo, Naoki,Shimono, Kazumi,Iwamoto, Masayuki,Sudo, Yuki,Yoshida, Hideaki Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2

Phoborhodopsin (pR or sensory rhodopsin II, sRII; the absorption maximum of ∼ 500 nm) is a retinoid protein and works as a photoreceptor of the negative phototaxis of Halobacterium salinarum. pharaonis phoborhodopsin (ppR or pharaonis sensory rhodopsin II, psRII) is a corresponding protein of Natronobacterium pharaonis. These sensory proteins form a complex with a cognate transducer protein in the membrane, and this complex transmits the light-signal to the cytoplasm to evoke avoidance reaction from blue-green light. Recently, the functional expression in Escherichia coli membrane of ppR was achieved, which can afford a large amount of the protein and enables mutant studies to clarify the role of various amino acid residues. A truncated transducer which can bind to ppR is also expressed in Escherichia. coli membrane. In this article, we will review properties of ppR mainly using observations of our laboratory; which contains photochemistry (photocycle), light-driven proton uptake, release and transport, F -helix titling during photocycle and association of the transducer.