The impact of dromedary camel milk on mice gut microbiota

Sheikh Abdullah,Almathen Faisal,Alfattah Mohammed 한국응용생명화학회 2022 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.65 No.3

The gut microbiota plays an important role in the health and disease resistance of the host. Host health depends on the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract, and imbalance in its composition may leads to certain diseases. This study analyzed the influence that dromedary camel milk has on the gut microbiota of mice. This study characterized the bacterial populations of untreated [Control (C) and camel milk-treated Raw (R), Pasteurized (P), and Fermented (F)] C57BL/6 J mice feces using high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. In total, 286,606 tags were generated, with an average of 71,651 tags being generated per group, and these tags were clustered to the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% sequence similarity, resulting 1090 OTUs. Significant weight gain was observed among all of the groups, and the total cholesterol level declined in F group followed by in group P compared to group C. The F and P groups demonstrated a correlation between the beneficial microbiota structures that corresponded with lower cholesterol levels than those observed in the other groups. The major dominant bacteria correspond to the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. The dromedary camel milk propagated the beneficial bacteria (Allobaculum and Akkermansia) and reduced harmful bacteria such as Proteobacteria, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Desulfovibrionaceae. This study provides a comparative analysis of the gut microbiota of mice based on camel milk, which may be helpful in understanding host health and diverse gut microbial conditions. The gut microbiota plays an important role in the health and disease resistance of the host. Host health depends on the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract, and imbalance in its composition may leads to certain diseases. This study analyzed the influence that dromedary camel milk has on the gut microbiota of mice. This study characterized the bacterial populations of untreated [Control (C) and camel milk-treated Raw (R), Pasteurized (P), and Fermented (F)] C57BL/6 J mice feces using high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. In total, 286,606 tags were generated, with an average of 71,651 tags being generated per group, and these tags were clustered to the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% sequence similarity, resulting 1090 OTUs. Significant weight gain was observed among all of the groups, and the total cholesterol level declined in F group followed by in group P compared to group C. The F and P groups demonstrated a correlation between the beneficial microbiota structures that corresponded with lower cholesterol levels than those observed in the other groups. The major dominant bacteria correspond to the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes . The dromedary camel milk propagated the beneficial bacteria ( Allobaculum and Akkermansia ) and reduced harmful bacteria such as Proteobacteria , Erysipelotrichaceae, and Desulfovibrionaceae . This study provides a comparative analysis of the gut microbiota of mice based on camel milk, which may be helpful in understanding host health and diverse gut microbial conditions.

Improvement of mechanical properties of bio-concrete using Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus

Abdullah Faisal Alshalif,Mohd Irwan Juki,Norzila Othman,Adel Ali Al-Gheethi,Faisal Sheikh Khalid 대한환경공학회 2019 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.24 No.4

The present study aimed to investigate the potential of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) in improving the properties of bio-concrete. E. faecalis and B. cereus strains were obtained from fresh urine and an acid mire water at cell concentration of 1.16×1012 and 1.3×1012 cells mL-1, respectively. The bacterial strains were inoculated in a liquid medium into the concrete with 1, 3 and 5% as replacement of water cement ratio (w/c). The ability of E. faecalis and B. cereus cells to accumulate the calcite and the decrement of pores size within bio-concrete was confirmed by SEM and EDX analysis. The results revealed that E. faecalis exhibited high efficiency for increasing of compressive and splitting tensile strength than B. cereus (23 vs. 14.2%, and 13 vs. 8.5%, respectively). These findings indicated that E. faecalis is more applicable in the bio-concrete due to its ability to enhance strength development and reduce water penetration.

4-Hexylresorcinol sensor development based on wet-chemically prepared Co3O4@Er2O3 nanorods: A practical approach

Tahir Ali Sheikh,Mohammed M. Rahman,Abdullah M. Asiri,Hadi M. Marwani,Md. Rabiul Awual 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.66 No.-

In this approach, Co3O4@Er2O3 nanorods (NRs) were prepared by a wet-chemical method using reducing agents in alkaline medium. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized in details by UV/Vis and FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, Elemental dispersive analysis (EDS) coupled with field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Co3O4@Er2O3NRs were deposited on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to give a selective sensor with a fast response toward 4-hexyl resorcinol (4-HR) in phosphate buffer phase (PBS) by electrochemical approach. The 4-HR sensor also displays good sensitivity, large linear dynamic range, lowest detection limit, and long-term stability, and enhanced electrochemical response. The calibration plot is linear over the 0.1 nM–0.01 M 4-HR concentration range. The sensitivity is ∼14.765 μAμM−1cm−2, and the detection limit is 64.29 pM (signal-to-noise ratio, at a SNR of 3). We also discuss possible future prospective uses of this doped metal oxide semiconductor nanomaterial in terms of chemical sensing.

Urinary phthalate metabolites among children in Saudi Arabia: Occurrences, risks, and their association with oxidative stress markers

Lee, Inae,Alakeel, Raid,Kim, Sungmin,Al-Sheikh, Yazeed A.,Al-Mandeel, Hazem,Alyousef, Abdullah A.,Kho, Younglim,Choi, Kyungho Elsevier BV 2019 Science of the Total Environment Vol.654 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Phthalates have been used as plasticizers in numerous consumer applications and therefore, their metabolites have been detected in human urine worldwide. Despite concerns regarding their potential adverse health effects, few exposure assessments have been conducted among young populations in Middle Eastern countries. In this study, children (n = 109, aged 3–9 years) were recruited from four elementary schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in 2017, and major phthalate metabolites were measured in their urine. Their parents were asked to complete a questionnaire on their behalf to assess potential exposure sources of phthalates. In addition to 18 phthalate metabolites, malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured in urine samples by LC/MS/MS. Among the children of Saudi Arabia, urinary levels of monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP) and monobutyl phthalate (MnBP) were higher than those reported previously in children worldwide. Monoethyl phthalate (MEP) was also detected at high levels. Several phthalate metabolites showed significant associations with the levels of MDA or 8-OHdG. Hazard quotients (HQs) derived for certain phthalates were greater than one. In particular, the HQs for di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were greater than one in 34% of the participating children. Levels of monocyclohexyl phthalate (MCHP), monoisodecyl phthalate (MiDP), mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), and mono[2-(carboxymethyl)hexyl] phthalate (MCMHP) in the urine samples were positively associated with the consumption frequency of certain foods. Very high levels of exposure to phthalates, along with positive associations with oxidative stress markers, outline the importance of follow-up investigations for identification of phthalate exposure sources and potential health implications among the young population of Saudi Arabia.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Eighteen phthalate metabolites were analyzed in urine samples from Saudi Arabian children. </LI> <LI> MiBP and MnBP were detected at higher levels than those reported in other countries. </LI> <LI> Approximately 34% of the children showed potential risks (HQ > 1) from DEHP exposure. </LI> <LI> Certain phthalate metabolites were associated with oxidative stress markers. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Interaction of environmental factors on simultaneous biosorption of lead and manganese ions by locally isolated Bacillus cereus

Hassimi Abu Hasan,Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah,Noorhisham Tan Kofli,Shy Jay Yeoh 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.37 No.-

In this study, the interaction of pH, biomass and initial concentrations of lead (Pb) and manganese (Mn)ions in simultaneous removal of Pb and Mn were investigated using the Box–Behnken design. The resultsshowed that there was a significant interaction between pH-Pb:Mn concentrations, pH-biomassconcentration and Pb:Mn-biomass concentrations. The maximum uptake of Pb and Mn was achieved atpH 7. By increasing the Pb and Mn concentrations from 10 to 50 mg/L, the uptake capacities alsoincreased. By increasing the biomass concentration from 0.3 to 1.5 g/L, the uptakes (g/g) of both metalions by Bacillus cereus I6 was depleted. The precipitation of Pb and Mn on the surface of B. cereus I6 cellswas confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR). Thus, simultaneous biosorption of Pb and Mn by isolated I6 strain can beefficiently performed under different interactions of environmental factors.

Effective curves of completing simultaneous ammonium and manganese removal in polluted water using a biological aerated filter

Hassimi Abu Hasan,Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah,Siti Kartom Kamarudin,Noorhisham Tan Kofli 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.30 No.-

This study was conducted to determine an effective completion point of the simultaneous removal ofNH4+–N and Mn2+, using a biological aerated filter (BAF). The simultaneous removal was performed andmonitored under two operation modes: i.e., batch and continuous. Each mode was operated bysupplying continuous aeration for 7.5 h and intermittent aeration for 6 h. The results showed a higherperformance of the simultaneous removal of NH4+–N and Mn2+ for the batch with full operation ofaeration. The effective curves were detected for dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation-reduction potential(ORP) and pH profiles, correlating with the complete simultaneous removal of NH4+–N and Mn2+. Byrecognising the curves, the complete simultaneous NH4+–N and Mn2+ removal can be predictedeffectively, affecting a reduction in human capital and operating costs.

Distribution of organochlorine pesticide pollution in water, sediment, mollusk, and fish at Saguling Dam, West Java, Indonesia

Oginawati Katharina,Susetyo Septian Hadi,Rahmawati Sri Intan,Kurniawan Setyo Budi,Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh 한국독성학회 2022 Toxicological Research Vol.38 No.2

This study aims to determine the distribution of organochlorine pesticide pollution in water, sediments, mollusks, and fish at Saguling Dam as baseline data of organochlorine pollution. Samples were obtained from 12 locations, with 9 and 3 sampling points inside and outside the dam, respectively. Measurement of organochlorine residues was carried out using methods of extraction, purification, evaporation, and gas chromatography. Results showed the presence of several types of organochlorine compounds, namely, lindane, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and endosulfan. Aldrin was dominant in water (2–37 μg/L) and sediments (2–1438 μg/L), while DDT and heptachlor were dominant organochlorine compounds in mollusks (13–2758 μg/L) and fish (11–104 μg/L), respectively. Sediments demonstrated higher organochlorine concentrations than water, mollusk, and fish. The distribution of organochlorine was affected by land use around the Citarum watershed and pollutant input from tributaries.

Biosurfactant production by the hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria (HDB) Serratia marcescens: Optimization using central composite design (CCD)

Asia Fadhile Almansoory,Hassimi Abu Hasan,Mushrifah Idris,Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah,Nurina Anuar,El Mubarak Musa Tibin 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.47 No.-

Based on the nutritional and physiological requirements of a native hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium(HDB), Serratia marcescens, an investigation on the potential biosurfactant production by this bacterialspecies was conducted. The effects of different carbon sources, nitrogen sources, salinity, pH,temperature, and agitation speeds were extensively studied. The optimal conditions of biosurfactantproduction and surface tension were determined using central composite design (CCD) by settingglycerol, peptone and ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4 in a range of 3–7%, 2–6 g/L and 3–7 g/L,respectively. The results showed that biosurfactant was highly produced at pH 8, a temperature of 30 C, asalinity of 1% and a speed of 200 rpm after 5 days (120 h) of incubation. The optimal conditions wereobtained at 5% glycerol, 4 g/L peptone and 5 g/L (NH4)2SO4 with a maximum biosurfactant production of1.42 g/L and a minimum surface tension of 28.4 mN/m. Thus, the HDB S. marcescens shows good potentialas a biosurfactant-producing bacterium to be used in any environmental application and as an alternativeto chemical surfactants.

Hypothetical protein predicted to be tumor suppressor: a protein functional analysis

Kader, Md. Abdul,Ahammed, Akash,Khan, Md. Sharif,Ashik, Sheikh Abdullah Al,Islam, Md. Shariful,Hossain, Mohammad Uzzal Korea Genome Organization 2022 Genomics & informatics Vol.20 No.1

Litorilituus sediminis is a Gram-negative, aerobic, novel bacterium under the family of Colwelliaceae, has a stunning hypothetical protein containing domain called von Hippel-Lindau that has significant tumor suppressor activity. Therefore, this study was designed to elucidate the structure and function of the biologically important hypothetical protein EMK97_00595 (QBG34344.1) using several bioinformatics tools. The functional annotation exposed that the hypothetical protein is an extracellular secretory soluble signal peptide and contains the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL; VHL beta) domain that has a significant role in tumor suppression. This domain is conserved throughout evolution, as its homologs are available in various types of the organism like mammals, insects, and nematode. The gene product of VHL has a critical regulatory activity in the ubiquitous oxygen-sensing pathway. This domain has a significant role in inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis progression, kidney cancer, breast cancer, and colon cancer. At last, the current study depicts that the annotated hypothetical protein is linked with tumor suppressor activity which might be of great interest to future research in the higher organism.

Rickettsial Infections among the Undifferentiated Febrile Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Northern India: A Longitudinal Study

Mansoor Tabeen,Fomda Bashir Ahmad,Koul Ajaz Nabi,Bhat Mushtaq Ahmad,Abdullah Nazima,Bhattacharya Sudip,Saleem Sheikh Mohd 대한감염학회 2021 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.53 No.1

Background: Acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AUFI) is one of the most daunting challenges a physician faces in such settings. Among AUFI, rickettsial infections are most common and related infections (such as anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, and Q fever) which are caused by an unusual type of bacteria that can live only inside the cells of another organism. The present study was therefore planned with an objective to estimate the prevalence of rickettsial infection among patients of undifferentiated fever and to determine any association of socio-demographic characteristics with rickettsial disease. Materials and Methods: Patients presenting with febrile illness and admitted or attending out-patient department of Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar was approached and recruited in the study. Weil Felix Assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence assay were done to detect the anti-rickettsial antibodies. Serological evidence of a fourfold increase in IgG-specific antibody titer reactive with spotted fever group rickettsial antigen by indirect immunofluorescence antibody assays between paired serum specimens was considered a confirmatory diagnosis for the rickettsial disease. Results: Most of the patients were males 61.6%, and most 46.2% were in the age group of 20 -39 years. Most of the patients, 80.8% belonged to rural areas, and 48% belonged to the upper middle (II) class of the socio-economic class according to modified Kuppuswamy scale. Of the studied participants, a majority, 47.0%, were determined undiagnosed, while 15.4% studied participants were diagnosed to have a rickettsial disease. In patients positive for typhus group, 67.8% were IgM positive, 28.5% were IgG positive, and only 3% were positive for IgM and IgG. In patients positive for Scrub Typhus Group, 32.7% were positive for IgM, and 62.0% were positive for IgG, and only 5.0% were positive for both IgM and IgG. In patients positive for spotted fever group, 36.1% were positive for IgM, and 58.5% were positive for IgG, and only 5.5% were positive for both IgM and IgG. The prevalence of rickettsial disease was found to be 11.3%. Conclusion: Rickettsial diseases, typhoid and brucellosis, were the most prevalent diseased diagnosed among patients reporting to hospitals with undifferentiated febrile illness. Clinicians must consider rickettsial diseases as one of the differential diagnosis while treating patients with fever.