http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Gaurav Jain,Bhavna Gupta,Priyanka Gupta,Sagarika Panda,Sameer Sharma,Shalinee Rao 대한중환자의학회 2021 Acute and Critical Care Vol.36 No.1
Background: Due to the risk of viral transmission during in-person training, a shift towardonline platforms is imperative in the current pandemic. Therefore, we compared the effectivenessof an in-person interactive course with a structurally similar online course designedto improve cognitive skills among clinical health professionals in arterial blood gas analysis,management of electrolyte imbalances, and approaches to mechanical ventilation in criticallyill patients. Methods: In an observational, outcome assessor-blinded, cohort trial, group A included participantsenrolled prospectively in an online course, while group B included those who tookpart in an in-person course (retrospective arm). The primary objective was comparison ofcognitive skills through a pre and post-test questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performedusing Student t-test. Results: In total, 435 participants were analyzed in group A, while 99 participants were evaluatedin group B. The mean pre-test score was 9.48±2.75 and 10.76±2.42, while the meanpost-test score was 11.94±1.90 (passing rate, 64.6%) and 12.53±1.63 (passing rate, 73.3%)in groups A and B, respectively. Group B scored significantly higher in both pre-test (P=0.001)and post-test evaluations (P=0.004). The improvement in post-test score was significantlygreater (P=0.001) in group A (2.46±2.22) compared to group B (1.77±1.76). The medicalspecialties fared better in group B, while surgical specialties scored higher in group A. Thepre-test vs. post-test scores exhibited a moderate correlation in both groups (P<0.001). Thefeedback survey showed a Likert score >3.5 for most points in both groups. Conclusions: The online teaching module exhibited a significant benefit in terms of participantsensitization and knowledge sharing.
Use of human patient simulator for apnea studies: a preliminary in vitro trial
Tripathy Debendra K,Dhar Mridul,Bhardwaj Bharat B,Hemanthkumar K,Talawar Praveen,Rao Shalinee 대한마취통증의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.75 No.5
Background: Modern human patient simulators (HPSs) could be used for researching critical scenarios such as apnea oxygenation. We aimed to study the use of a high-fidelity HPS to assess prolonged apnea using various oxygenation strategies with a simple high-flow nasal cannula (15 L/min). Methods: An experimental simulation study using an HPS (CAE Healthcare™) was conducted after obtaining approval from the Institutional Review Board. The HPS responded according to real-time physiologically modeled responses to external gases, such as oxygen (O2). Apnea experiments were performed with different physiological settings, such as shunt fraction (5%) and O2 consumption (250, 500, and 750 ml/min). The following four apnea experiments were conducted: no oxygenation (NO), apnea oxygenation alone (AO), preoxygenation alone (PO), and para-oxygenation (PAO). The time to 92%, 75%, and 50% saturation was recorded. Alveolar and arterial gas levels were recorded till 50% saturation. Results: At 250 ml/min, PO (1121 s) and PAO (1274.5 s) had a significantly longer time to 50% saturation (400% increase) compared to NO (222.5 s) and AO (239 s). A similar trend was observed for the time to 92% and 75% saturation. At higher O2 consumption rates, a shorter time to desaturation was observed. Conclusions: Apnea trends in the HPS correlated with similar prior human experiments. AO without preoxygenation was found to provide no additional benefit. Preoxygenation with high-flow O2 via nasal cannula prolonged the time to desaturation in the PAO more than PO scenario. Therefore, HPSs can be used in future studies where patient safety is a concern.