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Cho Rong Han(한초롱),Ji Young Lee(이지영),Dongki Kim(김동기),Hyo Young Kim(김효영),Se Jin Kim(김세진),Seokjoon Jang(장석준),Yoon Hee Kim(김윤희),Do Youn Jun(전도연),Young Ho Kim(김영호) 한국생명과학회 2013 생명과학회지 Vol.23 No.10
17α-estradiol (17α-E₂)의 에폽토시스 유도활성에 미치는 종양억제단백질 p53의 조절효과를 조사하고자, 17α-E₂에 의해 유도되는 에폽토시스 현상들을 인체 대장암 세포주 유래 클론인 HCT116 (p53+/+) 및 HCT116 (p53-/-) 세포에서 비교하였다. HCT116 (p53+/+) 및 HCT116 (p53-/-) 세포를 17α-E₂ (2.5~10 μM)로 처리하거나 혹은 HCT116 (p53+/+) 및 HCT116 (p53-/-) 세포를 10 μM 17α-E₂로 시간 별로 처리한 결과, HCT116 (p53+/+)에 있어서는 세포독성과 에폽토시스-관련 sub-G₁ peak의 비율은 처리농도와 시간에 의존적으로 나타났다. 그러나 HCT116 (p53-/-) 세포의 경우는 이러한 현상이 미약하게 나타났다. 17α-E₂에 의해 유도되는 비정상적 유사분열방추사 형성, 중기판 염색체 배열의 미완성, 이에 따른 유사분열정지(G₂/M arrest) 등의 현상은 HCT116 (p53+/+) 및 HCT116 (p53-/-) 세포에서 유사한 수준으로 나타났다. 이에 반해, 17α-E₂에 의해 유도되는 Bak과 Bax의 활성화, 미토콘드리아의 막전위 상실(Δψm loss), 그리고 PARP 분해 등의 현상은 HCT116 (p53-/-) 세포에 비해 HCT116 (p53+/+) 세포에서 훨씬 높은 수준으로 확인되었다. 아울러 17α-E₂로 처리된 HCT116 (p53+/+) 세포에서 확인되는 p53 (Ser-15)의 인산화 및 p53 수준의 증가와 일치하여, 세포 내의 p21및 Bax 수준도 현저히 증가하였다. 이때 17α-E2로 처리된 HCT116 (p53-/-) 세포에서는 p21 및 Bax의 발현수준이 매우 낮았다. 한편, 에폽토시스 억제단백질인 Bcl-2 단백질수준은 HCT116 (p53-/-) 세포에 비해 HCT116 (p53+/+) 세포에서 다소 낮았으나, 이러한 Bcl-2 단백질 수준은 17α-E₂ 처리 후에도 크게 변화하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 17α-E₂ 처리에 의해 유도되는 에폽토시스 유도 경로의 구성원들의 변화, 즉 비정상적 유사분열방추사 형성 및 이에 따른 유사분열정지(G2/M arrest), 뒤이은 Bak 및 Bax의 활성화, 미토콘드리아의 막전위 상실, 그리고 이에 수반되는 caspase cascade 활성화 및 PARP 분해로 진행되는 에폽토시스 현상들 중에서, Bak 및 Bax의 활성화 단계가 종양억제단백질 p53의 에폽토시스 증진 활성에 의해 양성적으로 조절되는 작용 타켓임을 보여준다. The regulatory effect of the tumor-suppressor protein p53 on the apoptogenic activity of 17α-estradiol (17α-E₂) was compared between HCT116 (p53+/+) and HCT116 (p53-/-) cells. When the HCT116 (p53+/+) and HCT116 (p53-/-) cells were treated with 2.5~10 μM 17α-E₂ for 48 h or with 10 μM for various time periods, cytotoxicity and an apoptotic sub-G₁ peak were induced in the HCT116 (p53+/+) cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. However, the HCT116 (p53-/-) cells were much less sensitive to the apoptotic effect of 17α-E₂. Although 17α-E₂ induced aberrant mitotic spindle organization and incomplete chromosome congregation at the equatorial plate, G₂/M arrest was induced to a similar extent in both cell types. In addition, 17α-E₂-induced activation of Bak and Bax, Δψm loss, and PARP degradation were more dominant in the HCT116 (p53+/+) than in the HCT116 (p53-/-) cells. In accordance with enhancement of p53 phosphorylation (Ser-15) and p53 levels, p21 and Bax levels were elevated in the HCT116 (p53+/+) cells treated with 17α-E₂. The HCT116 (p53-/-) cells exhibited barely or undetectable levels of p21 and Bax, regardless of 17α-E₂ treatment. On the other hand, although the level of Bcl-2 was slightly lower in the HCT116 (p53+/+) than in the HCT116 (p53-/-) cells, it remained relatively constant after the 17α-E₂ treatment. Together, these results show that among the components of the 17α-E₂-induced apoptotic-signaling pathway, which proceeds through mitotic spindle defects causing mitotic arrest, subsequent activation of Bak and Bax and the mitochondria-dependent caspase cascade, leading to PARP degradation, 17α-E₂-induced activation of Bak and Bax is the upstream target of proapoptotic action of p53.
Kim, Kwangmin,Kang, Seokjoon,Sim, Jae-Yoon,Park, Hong-June,Kim, Byungsub IEEE 2018 IEEE transactions on very large scale integration Vol.26 No.12
<P>In this paper, we propose a search algorithm to find the worst operation scenario of a cross-point array of a phase-change random access memory to enable a precise read margin evaluation. The search algorithm utilizes a particle swarm optimization method to find the worst scenario quickly and efficiently. In an experiment, the proposed algorithm improves the search speed by <TEX>$39.3\times $</TEX> compared with the previous algorithm. With the improved search speed, the proposed algorithm could find the worst operation scenarios of large arrays whose worst operation scenarios had been only guessed before. In the experiment with a large array, the proposed algorithm proved that the worst high-resistance state read current can be <TEX>$36\times $</TEX> larger than the previous best guess. In the reliability test, the evaluation error of the worst read current found by the proposed algorithm is less than 0.2% with 99% probability. These results show that the proposed search algorithm can improve the precision and efficiency of the read margin evaluation in designing a cross-point phase-change memory array.</P>
전기·전자 탐사를 이용한 수중 이상체 탐지적용성 전산모델링
김신웅(Shinwoong Kim),문석준(Seokjoon Moon),김원기(Won-Ki Kim),민동주(Dong-Joo Min),정현기(Hyun-Key Jung),조성호(Sung-Ho Cho),이효선(Hyosun Lee) 한국산학기술학회 2014 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.-
본 논문에서는 지구물리탐사 방법 중 전기비저항 탐사(Electrical Resistivity survey method)와 전자 탐사(Electromagnetic survey method) 모델링을 통하여 수중 이상체의 전기적 특성 및 수신기의 간격 에 따른 반응양상을 비교분석하였으며, 이를 통해 수중 이상체의 다양한 전기비저항에 따른 탐사 설계 방향을 제안한다.
김종필(Jongpil Kim),이우영(Woo-young Lee),김삼균(Samgyun Kim),하승우(Seungwoo Ha),김석준(Seokjoon Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2013 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.5
A two-stage LDC(Low Voltage DC-DC Converter) which has the boost converter interleaved between the high voltage battery output and full-bridge converter input is proposed in this paper. This two-stage LDC has the transformer with the high turn ratio in order to decrease the semi-conductor devices losses and increase the entire LDC efficiency finally. Using the synchronous MOSFET instead of the rectifier diode in the secondary is also proposed to maximize the total efficiency. The proposed two-stage LDC was designed to meet the condition of not only the HEV but also the PHEV. It was demonstrated by PSIM simulations and experiments that the two-stage LDC has the increased average efficiency of 94.5% and increased peak efficiency of 95.7% (which were 91.2% and 92.9% respectively in the existing LDC).
Seokjoon Yoon,Minki Kim,Woong-Woo Lee 대한신경과학회 2023 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.19 No.3
Background and Purpose It is challenging to detect Parkinson’s disease (PD) in its early stages, which has prompted researchers to develop techniques based on machine learning methods for detecting PD. However, previous studies did not fully incorporate the slow progression of PD over a long period of time nor consider that its symptoms occur in a time-sequential manner. Contributing to the literature on PD, which has relied heavily on cross-sectional data, this study aimed to develop a method for detecting PD early that can process time-series information using the long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithm. Methods We sampled 926 patients with PD and 9,260 subjects without PD using medicalclaims data. The LSTM algorithm was tested using diagnostic histories, which contained the diagnostic codes and their respective time information. We compared the prediction power of the 12-month diagnostic codes under two different settings over the 4 years prior to the first PD diagnosis. Results The model that was trained using the most-recent 12-month diagnostic codes had the best performance, with an accuracy of 94.25%, a sensitivity of 82.91%, and a specificity of 95.26%. The other three models (12-month codes from 2, 3, and 4 years prior) were found to have comparable performances, with accuracies of 92.27%, 91.86%, and 91.81%, respectively. The areas under the curve from our data settings ranged from 0.839 to 0.923. Conclusions We explored the possibility that PD specialists could benefit from our proposed machine learning method as an early detection method for PD.