Actinobacteria from Cow Feces: Isolation, Identification and Screening for Industrially Important Secondary Metabolites

Semwal, Preeti,Rawat, Vinay,Sharma, Pushpendra,Baunthiyal, Mamta The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2018 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.46 No.1

Actinobacterial strains isolated from Cow feces were studied for their antifungal attributes against phytopathogens and industrially important enzymes. A total of 30 Actinobacterial strains were obtained from 10 samples of cow feces. All the strains were belonging to the genera Streptomyces on the basis of morphological and chemotaxonomic analysis. During preliminary screening, out of 30 strains, 15 strains (50%) showed antifungal activity against five fungal phytopathogens including Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani. While, isolate GBTCF-26 was found to be most active against R. solani with 62.2% inhibition of fungal mycelium, GBTCF-09 was prominent against F. solani and F. oxysporum with percent inhibition of 61.1% and 58.8%, respectively. Out of 30 strains, 19 (63.3%), 16 (53.3%), 11 (36.7%), 10 (33.3%), 4 (13.3%) and 8 (26.7%) strains were producing amylase, caseinase, gelatinase, lipase, chitinase and cellulose, respectively. The selected strains, GBTCF-09, GBTCF-21 and GBTCF-26, were identified as Streptomyces sp. on the basis of their 16S rDNA sequence. The study supports the idea that the Actinobacteria from unique niches (Cow feces) possess the production potential of industrially important enzymes including bioactive molecules.

Comparison of Endoscopic and Histological Findings between Typical and Atypical Celiac Disease in Children

Semwal, Pooja,Gupta, Raj Kumar,Sharma, Rahul,Garg, Kapil The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2018 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.21 No.2

Purpose: Celiac disease is a common non-communicable disease with varied presentations. Purpose of this study was to find the duodeno-endoscopic features in celiac disease and to compare duodeno-endoscopic and histological findings between typical and atypical celiac disease in children. Methods: Hospital based observational study was conducted at Sir Padampat Mother and Child Health Institute, Jaipur from June 2015 to May 2016. Patients were selected and divided in two groups- typical and atypical celiac disease based upon the presenting symptoms. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and duodenal biopsy was performed for serology positive patients. Results were analysed using appropriate statistical test of significance. Results: Out of 101 enrolled patients, 47.5% were male. Age ranged from 1 to 18 years. Study showed that 54.5% were typical and 45.5% were atypical. Patients presenting with atypical symptoms were predominantly of older age group. On endoscopy, scalloping, mosaic pattern, reduced fold height and absent fold height; and in histology, advanced Marsh stage were significantly higher in the typical group. Conclusion: Awareness of atypical presentations as well as duodeno-endoscopic features may have considerable practical importance for the diagnosis of celiac disease in children. Scalloping, mosaic pattern, reduced fold height and nodularity are main endoscopic markers of celiac disease in children. Endoscopic markers of duodenal mucosa may be important in early diagnosis of celiac disease, in children subjected to endoscopy for atypical presentations or indication other than suspected celiac disease.

Actinobacteria from Cow Feces: Isolation, Identification and Screening for Industrially Important Secondary Metabolites

( Preeti Semwal ),( Vinay Rawat ),( Pushpendra Sharma ),( Mamta Baunthiyal ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.46 No.1

Actinobacterial strains isolated from Cow feces were studied for their antifungal attributes against phytopathogens and industrially important enzymes. A total of 30 Actinobacterial strains were obtained from 10 samples of cow feces. All the strains were belonging to the genera Streptomyces on the basis of morphological and chemotaxonomic analysis. During preliminary screening, out of 30 strains, 15 strains (50%) showed antifungal activity against five fungal phytopathogens including Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani. While, isolate GBTCF-26 was found to be most active against R. solani with 62.2% inhibition of fungal mycelium, GBTCF-09 was prominent against F. solani and F. oxysporum with percent inhibition of 61.1% and 58.8%, respectively. Out of 30 strains, 19 (63.3%), 16 (53.3%), 11 (36.7%), 10 (33.3%), 4 (13.3%) and 8 (26.7%) strains were producing amylase, caseinase, gelatinase, lipase, chitinase and cellulose, respectively. The selected strains, GBTCF-09, GBTCF- 21 and GBTCF-26, were identified as Streptomyces sp. on the basis of their 16S rDNA sequence. The study supports the idea that the Actinobacteria from unique niches (Cow feces) possess the production potential of industrially important enzymes including bioactive molecules.

Comparison of Endoscopic and Histological Findings between Typical and Atypical Celiac Disease in Children

Pooja Semwal,Raj Kumar Gupta,Rahul Sharma,Kapil Garg 대한소아소화기영양학회 2018 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.21 No.2

Purpose: Celiac disease is a common non-communicable disease with varied presentations. Purpose of this study was to find the duodeno-endoscopic features in celiac disease and to compare duodeno-endoscopic and histological findings between typical and atypical celiac disease in children. Methods: Hospital based observational study was conducted at Sir Padampat Mother and Child Health Institute, Jaipur from June 2015 to May 2016. Patients were selected and divided in two groups- typical and atypical celiac disease based upon the presenting symptoms. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and duodenal biopsy was per-formed for serology positive patients. Results were analysed using appropriate statistical test of significance.Results: Out of 101 enrolled patients, 47.5% were male. Age ranged from 1 to 18 years. Study showed that 54.5% were typical and 45.5% were atypical. Patients presenting with atypical symptoms were predominantly of older age group. On endoscopy, scalloping, mosaic pattern, reduced fold height and absent fold height; and in histology, ad-vanced Marsh stage were significantly higher in the typical group. Conclusion: Awareness of atypical presentations as well as duodeno-endoscopic features may have considerable practical importance for the diagnosis of celiac disease in children. Scalloping, mosaic pattern, reduced fold height and nodularity are main endoscopic markers of celiac disease in children. Endoscopic markers of duodenal mucosa may be important in early diagnosis of celiac disease, in children subjected to endoscopy for atypical presentations or indication other than suspected celiac disease.

A survey of macrofungal diversity in the Bharsar region, Uttarakhand Himalaya, India

Kamal C. Semwal,Vinod K. Bhatt,Steven L. Stephenson 국립중앙과학관 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.11 No.4

A survey of wild macrofungi associated with temperate evergreen forests of the Bharsar region of the Pauri Garhwal district, Uttarakhand, India, yielded specimens of 12 different species representing 10 genera. During the field work, we also collected several fruiting bodies unique to their respective genera. These included (1) a fruiting body with a small cap and long slender stipe belonging to the group of species within the genus Lactarius (subgenus Russularia) characterized by a rusty red cap and white latex; (2) a tall species of Hebeloma with a veil and thin crowded gills, and (3) a species of Hygrocybe that stains black. Owing to their special characteristic features, the specimens of Lactarius and Hebeloma are likely to be species new to science, but this requires further investigation. In addition, nine other taxa are briefly described herein, with their major macroscopic features noted. This is the first report of the macrofungal wealth from this diverse forest of the Bharsar region in the Uttarakhand Himalaya, India.

Hypocholesterimic Effects of Cold and Hot Extracted Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) in Comparison to Commercial Coconut Oil: Evidence from a Male Wistar Albino Rat Model

Yashi Srivastava,Anil Dutt Semwal,M.S.L Swamy 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.6

The hypolipidemic effect of cold extracted virgincoconut oil (CEVCO) and hot extracted virgin coconut oil(HEVCO) compared to commercially available coconut oil(CCO) was studied using male wistar rats. Groups weredesignated as control, hypercholesterimic control (HCControl), HC+10% (CEVCO), HC+15% (CEVCO),HC+10% (HEVCO), HC+15% (HEVCO) and HC+15%(CCO). Control rats were fed a basal diet while othergroups were initially fed a hypercholesterimic diet (2%cholesterol and 0.25% bile salts) for 15 days, then fed withCEVCO or HEVCO (both at 10% and 15% levels), andcommercial coconut oil (15%) for 30 days. Total cholesteroland LDL cholesterol levels were significantly (p<0.05)decreased by approximately 25 and 40%, respectively, inthe blood plasma, while HDL cholesterol increasedsignificantly (p<0.05) by approximately 21% in HEVCOfed rats. Tissue cholesterol and triacylycerol (TAG) levelsin both liver and heart tissues decreased significantly(p<0.05) in CEVCO and HEVCO fed animals, comparedwith CCO fed rats.

Fixed divisor of a multivariate polynomial and generalized factorials in several variables

Krishnan Rajkumar,Arikatla Satyanarayana Reddy,Devendra Prasad Semwal 대한수학회 2018 대한수학회지 Vol.55 No.6

We define new generalized factorials in several variables over an arbitrary subset $\underline{S} \subseteq R^n,$ where $R$ is a Dedekind domain and $n$ is a positive integer. We then study the properties of the fixed divisor $d(\underline{S},f)$ of a multivariate polynomial $f \in R[x_1,x_2, \ldots, x_n]$. We generalize the results of Polya, Bhargava, Gunji \& McQuillan and strengthen that of Evrard, all of which relate the fixed divisor to generalized factorials of $\underline{S}$. We also express $d(\underline{S},f)$ in terms of the images $f(\underline{a})$ of finitely many elements $\underline{a} \in R^n$, generalizing a result of Hensel, and in terms of the coefficients of $f$ under explicit bases.

FIXED DIVISOR OF A MULTIVARIATE POLYNOMIAL AND GENERALIZED FACTORIALS IN SEVERAL VARIABLES

Rajkumar, Krishnan,Reddy, Arikatla Satyanarayana,Semwal, Devendra Prasad Korean Mathematical Society 2018 대한수학회지 Vol.55 No.6

We define new generalized factorials in several variables over an arbitrary subset ${\underline{S}}{\subseteq}R^n$, where R is a Dedekind domain and n is a positive integer. We then study the properties of the fixed divisor $d(\underline{S},f)$ of a multivariate polynomial $f{\in}R[x_1,x_2,{\ldots},x_n]$. We generalize the results of Polya, Bhargava, Gunji & McQuillan and strengthen that of Evrard, all of which relate the fixed divisor to generalized factorials of ${\underline{S}}$. We also express $d(\underline{S},f)$ in terms of the images $f({\underline{a}})$ of finitely many elements ${\underline{a}}{\in}R^n$, generalizing a result of Hensel, and in terms of the coefficients of f under explicit bases.

Lead phytomolecules for gastroprotective drug development

Yogesh Murti,Krishn Kumar Agrawal,Bhupesh Chander Semwal,Sonia Singh 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.3

Peptic ulcer disease represents an important public health problem worldwide. Such disease may occur due to improper balance in the aggressive as well as in the defensive mechanisms. Although proton pump inhibitors reduces the production of stomach acid and help in decreasing mortality and morbidity rates due to gastic problems. Products obtained from natural sources also represent therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of gastric problems. Gastroprotective effect of herbs is endorsed to its bioactive phytomolecules present in it. In view of this, study was designed to survey the literature of secondary metabolite, plant source as well as signaling pathways. For literature survey of secondary metabolites, plant sources and signaling pathways various electronis databases were searched and data were compiled.The study of this literature survey revealed that secondary metabolites from plant origin have the potential to become the active gastroprotective agent. Consequently, phytomolecules are proved to be ideal one with much effectiveness property and possessing less toxicity associated with therapeutic potential for preventing and curing the gastrointestinal disorders. It can, therefore, be identified and recommended as a novel lead for drug development process to design gastroprotective drug.

Oxygen loading in second-generation high-temperature superconductor tapes

N.M. Strickland,G.V.M. Williams,Anita Semwal,D.T. Verebelyi,W. Zhang 한국물리학회 2006 Current Applied Physics Vol.6 No.3

We report a study of oxygen loading in YBa2Cu3O7. d coated conductors fabricated by metalorganic deposition. In situ X-ray dirac-tion experiments allowed the measurement of small changes in thec-axis lattice parameter during and after oxygen loading, and thesechanges could be correlated with the oxygen stoichiometry. The variation of the superconducting transition temperature and critical cur-oxygen loading. Optimum performance is therefore obtained by fully oxygen loading to an overdoped state.