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Package-level integrated antennas based on LTCC technology
Sang-Hyuk Wi,Yong-Bin Sun,In-Sang Song,Sung-Hoon Choa,Koh, I.-S.,Yong-Shik Lee,Jong-Gwan Yook IEEE 2006 IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation Vol.54 No.8
<P>We propose a novel package topology integrating multilayer miniaturized antennas. Such a functional package is suitable for the design of a system-on-chip device, or of system-on-package applications. A stacked patch antenna is designed and integrated in a package using a low temperature co-fired ceramic process. The overall size of the package is 10.3times10.3times1.3 mm<SUP>3</SUP>, and this package contains an 8.3times8.3times0.7 mm<SUP>3</SUP> internal space for the integration of chip-scale packaged components. The package is mounted on a 20times20 mm<SUP>2</SUP> ground plane to miniaturize the volume of the system. The antenna is designed to have two neighboring resonant frequencies at 5.264 and 5.355 GHz, resulting in a 140 MHz impedance bandwidth. However, the measured resonant frequencies occur at slightly higher frequencies due to manufacturing tolerances. Radiation patterns are similar to a conventional patch antenna. In addition, various parasitic effects rooted in the package size, ground size, antenna height, SMA connector, via misalignment, and the number of via holes and their locations are fully investigated</P>
Wideband Microstrip Patch Antenna With U-Shaped Parasitic Elements
Sang-Hyuk Wi,Yong-Shik Lee,Jong-Gwan Yook Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2007 IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Vol.55 No.4
<P>A wideband U-shaped parasitic patch antenna is proposed. Two parasitic elements are incorporated into the radiating edges of a rectangular patch whose length and width are lambda<SUB>g</SUB>/2 and lambda<SUB>g</SUB>/4, respectively, in order to achieve wide bandwidth with relatively small size. Coupling between the main patch and U-shaped parasitic patches is realized by either horizontal or vertical gaps. These gaps are found to be the main factors of the wideband impedance matching. The proposed antenna is designed and fabricated on a small size ground plane (25 mmtimes30 mm) for application of compact transceivers. The fabricated antenna on a FR4 substrate shows an impedance bandwidth of 27.3% (1.5 GHz) at 5.5 GHz center frequency. The measured radiation patterns are similar to those of a conventional patch antenna with slightly higher gains of 6.4 dB and 5.2 dB at each resonant frequency</P>
Integration of Antenna and Feeding Network for Compact UWB Transceiver Package
Sang-Hyuk Wi,Zhang, Y P,Hyun Kim,Il-Young Oh,Jong-Gwan Yook IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on components, packaging, and ma Vol.1 No.1
<P>This paper presents a low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) package incorporating an integrated ultra-wide-band (UWB) antenna, antenna-feeding network, and internal space for integration of a compact UWB transceiver chip. The area underneath a planar monopole antenna ground plane is utilized for integration of transceiver components. The LTCC package has overall dimensions of 20 × 20 × 1.2 mm<SUP>3</SUP>. The measured bandwidth of the integrated UWB antenna is 6.4 GHz starting from 4.75 to 11.15 GHz and the radiation patterns are suitable for indoor wireless communication environment. The fabricated package reveals reasonable time-domain characteristics. In addition, the practical application of the proposed package geometry is discussed.</P>
Package-Level Integrated LTCC Antenna for RF Package Application
Wi, Sang-Hyuk,Kim, Jin-Seok,Kang, Nam-Kee,Kim, Jun-Chul,Yang, Hoon-Gee,Kim, Young-Soo,Yook, Jong-Gwan Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2007 IEEE transactions on advanced packaging Vol.30 No.1
<P>This paper presents a compact antenna geometry to realize an radio frequency (RF) system in package (SIP) and discusses an antenna-integrated package for an IEEE 802.11a application. The proposed compact antenna is similar to a modified U-shaped slot antenna; however, its electrical properties are quite different. A fabricated antenna demonstrates bandwidth of 180 MHz at a center frequency of 5.8 GHz, and it may be used to implement antenna-integrated packages. An antenna-integrated package is proposed consisting of the antenna placed on the top surface, internal space for integration of other IC components, a conducting layer placed between the antenna and the internal space, and finally a bottom layer. In addition, from the parametric studies it is found that the size of the package, dielectric thickness of the antenna, package height, and the number as well as the position of via holes, are critical factors of antenna characteristics</P>
일부 한국 성인 남성의 생활습관 요인과 고혈압 유병 상태의 관련성
소위영 ( Wi Young So ),전태원 ( Tae Won Jun ),최대혁 ( Dai Hyuk Choi ),윤용진 ( Yong Jin Yoon ),김병민 ( Byung Min Kim ),서한교 ( Han Kyo Seo ),엄우섭 ( Woo Soeb Eom ),김경래 ( Kyeong Lae Kim ),박성태 ( Sung Tae Park ),장혁기 ( Hy 대한스포츠의학회 2009 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.27 No.2
This study was to examine the relationship between lifestyle factors and hypertension in Korean men. The subjects were 1,938 men aged 20 to 79 yr who visited health promotion center for medical check during 2004-2008. The diagnosis of hypertension was defined by JNC7 report. The prevalence of hypertension was 23.3% in this study population. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that the odds ratio (95% CI) of hypertension across age groups were 2.40 (1.42-4.09) for forties, 3.64 (2.16-6.12) for fifties, 6.43 (3.80-10.88) for sixties, 5.80 (2.96-11.38) for seventies compared to the twenties. Also, compared with normal group, the odds ratio (95% CI) of hypertension in over-weight and obese groups were 2.94 (2.11-4.09) and 3.70 (2.70-5.07), respectively. The odds ratio (95% CI) of hypertension in those who were drinking one or two times per week and three times per week were 1.33 (1.03-1.72) and 2.33 (1.67-3.22), respectively, compared with non-drinker group. It is concluded that the significant risk factors of hypertension were age, BMI, and alcohol-drinking among Korean men. However, smoking, exercise, and diet were not related to the risk of hypertension.
Young Mi Jung,Wonyoung Wi,Hwa Seon Koo,Seung-Hyuk Shim,Soo-Young Oh,Seung Mi Lee,Jin Hoon Chung,SiHyun Cho,Hyunjin Cho,Min-Jeong Oh,Geum Joon Cho,Hye-Sung Won 대한산부인과학회 2024 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.67 No.3
Objective Adenomyosis impacts pregnancy outcomes, although there is a lack of consensus regarding the actual effects. It is likely, however, that the severity of adenomyosis or ultrasound findings or timing of diagnosis can have different effects on adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). Methods In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of the timing of adenomyosis diagnosis on pregnancy outcomes. Singleton pregnant women who delivered between 2017 and 2022 were analyzed based on the timing of adenomyosis diagnosis, using a national database. The final cohort was classified into three groups: 1) group 1, without adenomyosis; 2) group 2, those diagnosed with adenomyosis before pregnancy; and 3) group 3, those diagnosed with adenomyosis during pregnancy. Results A total of 1,226,475 cases were ultimately included in this study. Women with a diagnosis of adenomyosis had a significantly higher risk of APOs including hypertensive disorder during pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), postpartum hemorrhage, placental abruption, preterm birth, and delivery of a small-for-gestational-age infant even after adjusting for covariates. In particular, concerning HDP, the risk was highest in group 3 (group 2: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.15 vs. group 3: aOR, 1.36). However, the highest GDM risk was in group 2 (GDM; group 2: aOR, 1.24 vs. group 3: aOR, 1.04). Conclusion The increased risk of APO differed depending on the timing of adenomyosis diagnosis. Therefore, efforts for more careful monitoring and prevention of APOs may be necessary when such women become pregnant.
롤투롤 나노임프린팅 및 금속 경사증착 기반 대면적 유연 기판 상 3D LSPR 구조의 연속적 제작 및 투명센서 소자 응용
위정섭(Jung-Sub Wi),오동교(Dong Kyo Oh),이성호(Sung Ho Lee),이승조(Seungjo Lee),이규태(Kyu-Tae Lee),김정대(Jeong Dae Kim),이재혁(Jae Hyuk Lee),안주현(Ju Hyun Ahn),이원석(Won Seok Lee),지강민(Kang Min Jee),박인규(Inkyu Park),곽문규(Moon 한국기계가공학회 2017 한국기계가공학회 춘추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.4
Il-Young Oh,Sang-Hyuk Wi,Yongshik Lee,Jong-Gwan Yook IEEE 2010 IEEE antennas and wireless propagation letters Vol.9 No.-
<P>This letter demonstrates a simple yet very effective method of bandwidth enhancement for popular printed inverted-F antennas (PIFAs). An additional radiating element is printed on the other side of the substrate, on the same side as the partially modified ground plane. Together with the primary radiating element, these provide different three electrical paths. The bandwidth of the antenna can be enhanced substantially by optimally locating the corresponding resonant frequencies. Most of all, each of the three radiators has negligible effect on the performance of the other two radiators, implying that they can be designed independently. While maintaining the far-field radiation patterns, as much as 12.6% increase in the relative bandwidth over the 7.0% bandwidth of a conventional PIFA is demonstrated.</P>
폭이 좁아진 주 패치와 U자 형태의 기생 패치를 이용한 소형화된 광대역 기생 패치 안테나 설계
위상혁,김우태,홍영표,육재림,육종관,Wi, Sang-Hyuk,Kim, Woo-Tae,Hong, Young-Pyo,Yuk, Jai-Rim,Yook, Jong-Gwan 한국전자파학회 2007 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.18 No.4
This paper proposes miniaturized broadband parasitic patch antenna. The proposed antenna consists of a probe fed reduced size main patch and U-shaped parasitic patches. The parasitic patches are incorporated to the radiating edges of the main patch to miniaturize the antenna size. The broadband impedance matching can be achieved by either E-plane or H-plane electromagnetic coupling between main patch and parasitic elements. The size of radiating elements is $18{\times}17.6\;mm^2$ and the overall dimension of designed antenna with substrate and ground plane is $25{\times}30{\times}4\;mm^3$. The fabricated antenna on a FR4 substrate shows two resonant frequencies(5.12 GHz and 6.08 GHz) with 27.3 %(1.5 GHz) fractional bandwidth at 5.5 GHz center frequency. The calculated and measured radiation patterns are almost similar to conventional patch antenna. 본 논문은 크기가 소형화된 광대역 기생 패치 안테나를 제안한다. 폭이 좁아진 주 패치의 두 방사 모서리부에 U자 형태의 기생 패치를 설계하여 안테나 전체 크기를 감소시키고, 주 패치와 기생 패치 사이의 E-plane 및 H-plane을 통한 electromagnetic coupling에 의해 광대역 특성을 얻는다. 안테나 방사 소자들의 전체 크기는 $18{\times}17.6\;mm^2$ 이고, 접지면과 유전체를 포함한 전체 크기는 $25{\times}30{\times}4\;mm^3$이다. 설계된 안테나는 FR4 유전체를 이용해 제작하였으며, 5.12 GHz와 6.08 GHz의 공진 주파수와 5.5 GHz 중심 주파수를 기준으로 27.3 %(1.5 GHz)의 대역폭을 갖는다. 측정된 안테나의 방사 패턴은 일반적인 마이크로스트립 패치 안테나와 유사하다.
배나무 가지발생정보의 데이터맵 구성을 위한 가지 구분과 가지 발생 기본양상
강민규(Min Kyu Kang),이혁진(Hyuk-Jin Lee),김무현(Mu Hyeon Kim),박진영(Jin Young Park),백윤주(Yun-Ju Baek),이경규(Kyung Kyu Lee),위승곤(Seung Gon Wi),김민수(Min-Soo Kim),이상현(Sang-Hyun Lee) 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10
농산업분야에서 노동력 확보는 농업 생산력 유지 및 지속 가능성 측면에서 매우 중요한 과제이다. 그러나 농촌지역의 인구 감소와 급격한 노령화로 인해 농업 노동력의 양적․ 질적 하락을 가져왔다. 더욱이 코로나 19로 인한 국가간의 이동제한 등 농업 노동력의 상당수를 차지해 왔던 외국인 노동자의 규모가 급감하면서 인력 수급에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 농업 노동력 수급의 어려움을 극복하고자 농촌 지역의 협업적 농업 노동체계 및 농작업 기계화․ 생력화 등이 대안으로 거론되고 있다. 과수분야에서도 이러한 변화에 대응하기 위한 농작업 기계화 연구가 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 노동력 부하가 강한 전정작업의 기계화를 위해 배나무 가지발생정보를 수집하고 이의 변화를 데이터화 하는 기계화 작업을 위한 사전연구로 수행되고 있다. 배나무 가지발생정보는 농가에서 재배 활용되고 있는 몇 가지 품종, 수령, 수형을 구분하여 조사하였다. 배나무 가지발생정보의 데이터 맵 구성을 위하여 발생위치에 따라 주간과 주지를 구분하고 주지에서 발생된 가지를 결과지로 결과지에서 발생한 가지를 도장지로 하였다. 시험조사구 과수 특성 및 가지발생량은 주간 높이, 주간둘레, 주지둘레, 결과지수, 결과지 직경, 도장지수, 도장지 중량 등을 줄자, 캘리퍼, 계수계를 이용하여 측정하였다. 발생양상에 따라 주지선단부, 결과지 선단신초를 구분하여 조사하였을 때 배나무 전체 가지 발생을 정보화 할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 배나무 가지 발생 기본양상조사에서 배나무 가지 발생은 같은 수령의 ‘추황’배나무가 ‘신화’품종보다 주지와 결과지 신장이 빠르게 이루어지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 배나무 가지발생의 대부분을 차지하는 도장지 발생은 30년 이상 수령의 “신고” 배나무에서 결과지의 길이보다는 결과지 굵기와 상관관계가 높은 것으로 나타났다.