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Lymphokine Gene Expressions in Mouse Mast Cell
Paik, Sang Gi,Ko, Chang Bo 한국유전학회 1996 Genes & Genomics Vol.18 No.4
It is suggested that the regulations of interlukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) genes expression are mediated through common pathway. To understand signal pathway of lymphokine gene expression, we screened IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, and GM-CSF gene expression in activated mouse mast cell, PB-3c. In PB-3c cells activated by PMA and A23187, lymphokine (IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, and GM-CSF) gene expressions were detected from 15 min. Cycloheximide did not affect expressions of the gene in activated PB-3c cells. IL-2 gene expression was induced in TPA / A23187 activated PB-3c cells only, but IL-4 gene expression was induced in A23187-activated PB-3c cells. IL-3 and GM-CSF gene expressions were induced in A23187-activated PB-3c cells, and the inductions of these gene were increased about 2.5 fold in TPA/A23187-activated PB-3c cells. In the pretreatment of protein phosphatase (PP) inhibitors, okadaic acid (PP2A and PP1 inhibitor) did not block the induction of the gene expreession. But in the pretreatment of cyclosporin A (PP2B inhibitor), inductions of IL-2 and IL-4 gene expressions were blocked completely, but IL-3 and GM-CSF gene expressions were decreased to about 20%. In the pretreatment of protein (ser/thr) kinase inhibitor, IL-2 and GM-CSF gene expressions were blocked completely, but IL-3 and IL-4 gene expressions were not affected. These results indicate that the induction of lymphokine gene expressions in activated PB-3c cells are mediated by different signal mediators. Moreover, PB-3c cells will provide a useful system to investigate the signal transduction pathway for induction of lymphokine gene expression.
( Gi Hoon Jung ),( Eun Seob Lim ),( Min-ah Woo ),( Joo Young Lee ),( Joo-sung Kim ),( Hyun-dong Paik ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.11
Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are important foodborne pathogenic bacteria, particularly in poultry meat. In this study, the presence of extracellular DNase activity was investigated for biofilm-deficient Campylobacter strains versus biofilm-forming Campylobacter strains isolated from chickens, to understand the relationship between extracellular DNase activity and biofilm formation. A biofilm-forming reference strain, C. jejuni NCTC11168, was co-incubated with biofilm non-forming strains isolated from raw chickens or their supernatants. The biofilm non-forming strains or supernatants significantly prohibited the biofilm formation of C. jejuni NCTC11168. In addition, the strains degraded pre-formed biofilms of C. jejuni NCTC11168. Degradation of C. jejuni NCTC11168 biofilm was confirmed after treatment with the supernatant of the biofilm non-forming strain 2-1 by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Quantitative analysis of the biofilm matrix revealed reduction of extracellular DNA (16%) and proteins (8.7%) after treatment. Whereas the biofilm-forming strains C. jejuni Y23-5 and C. coli 34-3 isolated from raw chickens and the C. jejuni NCTC11168 reference strain showed no extracellular DNase activity against their own genomic DNA, most biofilm non-forming strains tested, including C. jejuni 2-1, C. coli 34-1, and C. jejuni 63-1, exhibited obvious extracellular DNase activities against their own or 11168 genomic DNA, except for one biofilm non-former, C. jejuni 22-1. Our results suggest that extracellular DNase activity is a common feature suppressing biofilm formation among biofilm non-forming C. jejuni or C. coli strains of chicken origin.
Regulation of BNIP3 in Normal and Cancer Cells
Sang Gi Paik,이혜영 한국분자세포생물학회 2006 Molecules and cells Vol.21 No.1
Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19 kD-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) is a mitochondrial pro-apoptotic protein that has a single Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3) domain and a COOH-terminal transmembrane (TM) domain. Although it belongs to the Bcl-2 family and can hetero-dimerize with Bcl-2, its pro-apoptotic activity is distinct from those of other members of the Bcl-2 family. For example, cell death mediated by BNIP3 is independent of caspases and shows several characteristics of necrosis. Furthermore, the TM domain, but not the BH3 domain, is required for dimerization, mitochondrial targeting and pro-apoptotic activity. BNIP3 plays an important role in hypoxia-induced death of normal and malignant cells. Its expression is markedly increased in the hypoxic regions of some solid tumors and appears to be regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which binds to a site on the BNIP3 promoter. Silencing, followed by methylation, of the BNIP3 gene occurs in a significant proportion of cancer cases, especially in pancreatic cancers. BNIP3 also has a role in the death of cardiac myocytes in ischemia. Further studies of BNIP3 should provide insight into hypoxic cell death and may contribute to improved treatment of cancers and cardiovascular diseases.
A Symbiotic Bacterium Photorhabdus luminescence as a Rich Source of Cinnamic acid and Its Analogue
Paik, Seunguk,Kim, Gi Hong,Park, Jae Sung 한국공업화학회 2005 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.11 No.3
Two cinnamic acid analogs and a hydroxybenzoic acid have been isolated from a luminous bacterial symbiont, Photorhabdus luminescence, which was newly isolated from Korean entomopathogenic nematodes. Their structures were identified from spectroscopic data and by comparison with authentic compounds. The isolated cinnamic acid and its analogue were obtained in a high concentration, indicating that the Photorhabdus luminescence used in the biological control of pest insects could be used as an industrially important rich source of cinnamic acid analogues.