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Enzymes involved in fruiting body senescence in L. edodes.
Yuichi Sakamoto,Keiko Nakade,Naotake Konno 한국버섯학회 2010 한국버섯학회지 Vol.8 No.4
Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushroom) is a very popular edible, cultivated mushroom in Japan. There are post-storage problems with shiitake mushrooms, such as gill browning and cell wall lysis of the fruiting body, which can result in loss of fresh food quality and consequent loss of value. Lentinan is a cell wall component of beta-1, 3-linked-D-glucan with beta-1, 6 branches, which was isolated as an anti-tumor active-substance from L. edodes. Lentinan content decreases following harvest as a result of increased glucanase activity. We isolated one exo-glucanase encoding genes, exg21) and two endo-glucanase encoding gene tlg12) and glu1 from L. edodes. Transcription level of the exg2, tlg1 and glu1 gene increased after harvesting. Enzymes encoded by the genes have lentinan degrading activity, therefore, these genes are involved in lentinan degradation after harvesting. We also identified several cell wall degradation- related enzyme-encoding genes3), such as mixed-linked glucanase (mlg1), chitinases (chi1, chi29), chitin deacetylase (chd1), and chitosanase (cho1). It is revealed that transcriptional levels of these genes increased after harvesting, by real-time PCR. Glucanase and chitinase activity increased following harvest as results of increased transcription of these cell wall degradation-related enzyme-encoding genes. Increase of these cell wall degradation- related enzyme activities would cause cell wall lysis and lentinan degradation during post-harvest preservation. We identified laccase and tyrosinase encoding genes (lcc4 and tyr, respectively) by PCR-subtraction. The lcc4 was a novel laccase-encoding gene in L. edodes. Transcription levels of lcc4 and tyr increased after harvesting, and these genes would be involved in browning of the fruiting body. 1) Sakamoto et al. (2005) Current Genetics, 48: 195-203 2) Sakamoto et al. (2006) Plant Physiology 141: 793-801 3) Sakamoto et al. (2009) Current Genetics 55: 409-423
Shigeyuki Sakamoto,Shigeyuki Sakamoto,Masaaki Shibukawa,Itaru Tani,Shuichi Oki,Kaoru Kurisu 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2016 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.18 No.1
We describe a case of successful open-cell stent deployment across the wide neck of a large middle cerebral artery aneurysm using the stent anchor technique. A microcatheter was looped through the aneurysm and navigated into a distal vessel across the aneurysm neck. Although the loop of the microcatheter in the aneurysm straightened as it was gently withdrawn, the microcatheter again protruded into the aneurysm by open-cell stent navigation. The stent was partially deployed in a vessel distal to the aneurysm neck, withdrawn slowly to straighten the loop of the microcatheter in the aneurysm, and completely deployed across the aneurysm neck. After successful stent deployment, stent-assisted coil embolization was performed without complications. The stent anchor technique was successfully used to deploy an open-cell stent across the aneurysm neck in this case of microcatheter protrusion into the aneurysm during stent navigation.
Sakamoto Yoshihito,Yamasaki Michiaki,Kawamura Yoshihito 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1
Fabrication of bulk alloy has been performed through the consolidation of rapidly solidified ribbons. The bulk alloy exhibited excellent mechanical properties, high tensile yield strength of 530 MPa, and large elongation of 3 %. Microstructure of the alloy was characterized by equiaxed fine grains that consist of -Mg, long period ordered (LPO) structure phase, and -type cubic compound. The strengthening of the alloys may be due to fine grains with LPO structure phase and -type compound.
Sakamoto, Kazuyoshi,Wada, Mitsuyoshi,Min, Byung-Chan Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility 2002 감성과학 Vol.5 No.2
The unique colors of paper, that is, blue, green, red, and yellow were used in the estimation of color from the subjective feeling. The monochrome with unique color or the unique color surrounded with the background color was presented. subject gazed the monochrome or the unique color, which was tailed target rotor. The target and background color were the complementary color each other. The various ratios of the area of gazed color and background were taken. Subject answered the level of subjective feeling consisted of pair of adjective items for unique color presented. With the use of the subjective feeling for the target color presented, the estimation of the unique color was cai\ulcornerlied out due to Fuzzy theory and neural networks. The results of color difference between unique color presented and the estimated color gave very small value for the case without background, while the results of the case with background color depended on the ratio of area of presented color and background color till the ration of 2:1, The relation showed the Kirschman's law, The color difference saturated In the increase of area of background with the ratio more than 2:1.
Formation of Two- and Three-Dimensional Hybrid Mesostructures from Branched Siloxane Molecules
Sakamoto, Shigeru,Shimojima, Atsushi,Miyasaka, Keiichi,Ruan, Juanfang,Terasaki, Osamu,Kuroda, Kazuyuki American Chemical Society 2009 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.131 No.28
<P>We report the design of a new precursor having three branching disiloxane units capable of forming 3D mesostructures with a cubic Pm-3n and its orthorhombic and tetragonal variants Cmmm and P4(2)/mnm, in addition to a conventional 2D hexagonal (p6mm) mesostructure, thus creating a novel research area of mesostructural design in silica-organic nanohybrid materials.</P>
Difference in Methylmercury Exposure to Fetus and Breast-feeding Offspring: A Mini-Review
Sakamoto Mineshi,Murata Katsuyuki,Nakai Kunihiko,Satoh Hiroshi Korean Society of Environmental Health 2005 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.31 No.3
The purpose of this paper was to concisely review the practical changes in MeHg concentrations in fetus and offspring throughout gestation and suckling from our recent animal and human studies. In the animal study, adult female rats were given a diet containing 5ug/g Hg (as MeHg) for 8 weeks. Then they were mated and subsequently given the same diet throughout gestation and suckling. On embryonic days 18, 20, 22 and at parturition, the concentrations of Hg in the brains of fetus were approximately 1.5-2.0 times higher than those in the mothers. However, during the suckling period Hg concentrations in the brain rapidly declined to about 1/10 of that during late pregnancy. Hg concentrations in blood also decreased rapidly after birth. In human study, Hg concentrations in red blood cells (RBC-Hg) in 16 pairs of maternal and umbilical cord blood samples were compared at birth and 3 months of age after parturition. RBC-Hg in the umbilical cords was about 1.6 times higher than those in the mothers at parturition. However, all the infants showed declines in Hg concentrations throughout the breast-feeding period. RBC-Hg at 3 months of age was about half that at birth. Both the animal and human studies indicated that MeHg exposure to the fetus might be especially high but it dramatically decreases during the suckling period. Therefore, close attention should be paid to the gestation rather than the breast-feeding period to avoid the risk of MeHg to human infants.
Experimental Study on Performance of a Propulsive Nozzle with a Blower Piping System
Sakamoto, Masahiko Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2013 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.6 No.4
The characteristics of the thrust for ship propulsion equipment directly driven by air compressed by pressure fluctuation in a blower piping system are investigated. The exhaust valve is positioned upon the air ejection hole in the discharge pipe in order to induce the large-scale pressure fluctuation, and the effects of the valve on the pressure in the pipes and the thrust for the propulsive nozzle are examined. The pressure in the pipes decreases immediately after the valve is opened, and it increases just before the valve is closed. The thrust for the propulsive nozzle monotonically increases with increasing number of revolutions and depth. The interfacial wave in the nozzle appears in the frequency of approximately 4Hz, and it is important for the increase of the thrust to synchronize the opening-closing cycle for the exhaust valve with the generation frequency of the interfacial wave. The finite difference lattice Boltzmann method is helpful to investigate the characteristics of the flow in the nozzle.
Physiological Changes and Clinical Implications of Syndromic Craniosynostosis
Sakamoto, Hiroaki,Matsusaka, Yasuhiro,Kunihiro, Noritsugu,Imai, Keisuke The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2016 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.59 No.3
Syndromic craniosynostosis has severe cranial stenosis and deformity, combined with hypoplastic maxillary bone and other developmental skeletal lesions. Among these various lesions, upper air way obstruction by hypoplastic maxillary bone could be the first life-threatening condition after birth. Aggressive cranial vault expansion for severely deformed cranial vaults due to multiple synostoses is necessary even in infancy, to normalize the intracranial pressure. Fronto-orbital advancement (FOA) is recommended for patients with hypoplastic anterior part of cranium induced by bicoronal and/or metopic synostoses, and posterior cranial vault expansion is recommended for those with flattening of the posterior part of the cranium by lambdoid synostosis. Although sufficient spontaneous reshaping of the cranium can be expected by expansive cranioplasty, keeping the cranial bone flap expanded sufficiently is often difficult when the initial expansion is performed during infancy. So far distraction osteogenesis (DO) is the only method to make it possible and to provide low rates of re-expansion of the cranial vault. DO is quite beneficial for both FOA and posterior cranial vault expansion, compared with the conventional methods. Associated hydrocephalus and chronic tonsillar herniation due to lambdoid synostosis can be surgically treatable. Abnormal venous drainages from the intracranial space and air way obstruction should be always considered at any surgical procedures. Neurosurgeons have to know well about the managements not only of the deformed cranial vault and the associated brain lesions but also of other multiple skeletal lesions associated with syndromic craniosynostosis, to improve treatment outcome.