Determination of Thermal Conductivities of Solid and Liquid Phases for Rich-Sn Compositions of Sn-Mg Alloy

Fatma Meydaneri,Mehmet Gündüz,Mehmet Özdemir,Buket Saatçi 대한금속·재료학회 2012 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.18 No.1

The variations of thermal conductivities of solid phases versus temperature for pure Sn and Sn-1 wt% Mg,Sn-2 wt% Mg, and Sn-6 wt% Mg binary alloys were measured with a radial heat flow apparatus. Thermal conductivity variations versus temperature for pure Sn and Sn-1 wt% Mg, Sn-2 wt% Mg, and Sn-6 wt% Mg binary alloys were found to be 60.60 ± 3.63, 61.99 ± 3.71, 68.29 ± 4.09, and 82.04 ± 4.92 W/Km, respectively. The thermal conductivity ratios of liquid phase to solid phase for pure Sn and eutectic Sn-2 wt% Mg alloy at their melting temperature were found to be 1.11 and 1.08, respectively, with a Bridgman type directional solidification apparatus. Thus the thermal conductivities of liquid phases for pure Sn and eutectic Sn-2 wt%Mg binary alloy at their melting temperature were evaluated to be 67.26 ± 4.03 and 73.75 ± 4.42 W/Km,respectively, by using the values of solid phase thermal conductivities and the thermal conductivity ratios of the liquid phase to the solid phase.

Experimental Determination of Interfacial Energy for Solid Zn Solution in the Sn-Zn Eutectic System

Fatma Meydaneri,Mehtap Payveren,Buket Saatçi,Mehmet Özdemir,Necmettin Marasli 대한금속·재료학회 2012 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.18 No.1

The grain boundary groove shapes for Zn solid solution in equilibrium with Sn-Zn eutectic liquid were observed with a radial heat flow apparatus. From the observed grain boundary groove shapes, the Gibbs-Thomson coefficient, the solid-liquid and the grain boundary energy for the Zn solid solution in equilibrium with Sn-Zn eutectic liquid were determined to be (2.32 ± 0.13)×10−8Km, (120.87 ± 13.29)×10−3J.m−2and (194.76± 23.37)×10−3J.m−2, respectively. The termal conductivity of the eutectic Sn- 9 wt% Zn solid solution, κS,was obtained as 74.74 W/Km by using a radial heat flow apparatus. The thermal conductivity ratio of the eutectic liquid to the eutectic solid, R = κL/κS was found to be 0.58 with a Bridgman-type directional growth apparatus. Thus, the value of the thermal conductivity of eutectic Sn- 9 wt% Zn liquid solution, κL, was obtained as 43.82 W/Km.

The effect of industrial training on ethical awareness of final year students in a Malaysian public university

Maisarah Mohamed Saat,Rosman Md. Yusoff,Siti Aisyah Panatik 서울대학교 교육연구소 2014 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.15 No.1

Studies (for example, Dellaportas in Making a difference with a discrete course on accounting ethics. J Bus Ethics 65(4):391–404, 2006; Saat in An investigation of the effects of a moral education program on the ethical development of Malaysian future accountants, 2010) on final year accounting students show that industrial training has a positive impact on the ethical development in a way that students improved in their ethical judgement after attending a 6-month training. Thus, this research aims to evaluate the influence of industrial training in the development of ethical awareness among final year students from a Malaysian public university. These students were from multiple academic backgrounds—engineering, science and social science. A pre and post study was adopted in order to achieve the objectives. A set of survey was distributed to students before and after they have attended industrial training. In assessing students’ ethical awareness, 15 business-related and workplace ethical situations were given and students had to rate their acceptance on these situations from not acceptable (1) to most acceptable (7). From the findings, it can be observed that although the level of ethical awareness among students is fairly good, industrial training has minimal impact in improving or developing students’ ethical awareness. The impact is such because students who undergone industrial training may have observed certain behaviour that they thought are acceptable in a workplace; this may have changed the way students perceived their acceptance on the situations.

Design of Capacitive Power Transfer Using a Class-E Resonant Inverter

Yusop, Yusmarnita,Saat, Shakir,Nguang, Sing Kiong,Husin, Huzaimah,Ghani, Zamre The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.5

This paper presents a capacitive power transfer (CPT) system using a Class-E resonant inverter. A Class-E resonant inverter is chosen because of its ability to perform DC-to-AC inversion efficiently while significantly reducing switching losses. The proposed CPT system consists of an efficient Class-E resonant inverter and capacitive coupling formed by two flat rectangular transmitter and receiver plates. To understand CPT behavior, we study the effects of various coupling distances on output power performance. The proposed design is verified through lab experiments with a nominal operating frequency of 1 MHz and 0.25 mm coupling gap. An efficiency of 96.3% is achieved. A simple frequency tracking unit is also proposed to tune the operating frequency in response to changes in the coupling gap. With this resonant frequency tracking unit, the efficiency of the proposed CPT system can be maintained within 96.3%-91% for the coupling gap range of 0.25-2 mm.

Design of Capacitive Power Transfer Using a Class-E Resonant Inverter

Yusmarnita Yusop,Shakir Saat,Sing Kiong Nguang,Huzaimah Husin,Zamre Ghani 전력전자학회 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.5

This paper presents a capacitive power transfer (CPT) system using a Class-E resonant inverter. A Class-E resonant inverter is chosen because of its ability to perform DC-to-AC inversion efficiently while significantly reducing switching losses. The proposed CPT system consists of an efficient Class-E resonant inverter and capacitive coupling formed by two flat rectangular transmitter and receiver plates. To understand CPT behavior, we study the effects of various coupling distances on output power performance. The proposed design is verified through lab experiments with a nominal operating frequency of 1 ㎒ and 0.25 ㎜ coupling gap. An efficiency of 96.3% is achieved. A simple frequency tracking unit is also proposed to tune the operating frequency in response to changes in the coupling gap. With this resonant frequency tracking unit, the efficiency of the proposed CPT system can be maintained within 96.3%–91% for the coupling gap range of 0.25–2 ㎜.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Malaysian Medical and Pharmacy Students Towards Human Papillomavirus Vaccination

Rashwan, Hesham H.,Saat, Nur Zakiah N. Mohd,Manan, Dahlia Nadira Abd Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections and oncogenic HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer. However, HPV vaccination is already available as the primary preventive method against cervical cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of HPV vaccination among Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) and Universiti Malaya (UM) students. This study was conducted from March until August 2009. Pre-tested and validated questionnaires were filled by the third year UKM (n=156) and UM (n=149) students from medical, dentistry and pharmacy faculties. The results showed that the overall level of knowledge on HPV infection, cervical cancer and its prevention among respondents was high and the majority of them had positive attitude towards HPV vaccination. Medical students had the highest level of knowledge (p<0.05). Very few students (3.6%) had already taken the vaccine with no significant difference between the two Universities (p=0.399). In conclusion, the knowledge and attitude of the respondents were high and positive, respectively. Only few students took HPV vaccination. Thus, more awareness campaigns and HPV vaccination services should be provided at universities' campuses with the price of the HPV vaccine reduced for the students.

Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and survivin in endometrioid and nonendometrioid endometrial cancers and clinicopathologic significance

Evren Yilmaz,Meral Koyuncuoglu,İlknur Bilkay Görken,Emre Okyay,Bahadir Saatli,Emine Cagnur Ulukus,Ugur Saygili 대한부인종양학회 2011 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.22 No.2

Objective: To determine matrix metalloproteinase-2 and survivin expressions in endometrial cancers, their relation to clinical and histologic parameters and to investigate any difference in the expression of these markers between endometrioid and nonendometrioid cancers. Methods: Ninety-five patients with endometrial cancer, were included. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and survivin expressions were analyzed immunohistochemically from paraffin-embedded tissues by using specific monoclonal antibodies. Results: Survivin nuclear expression was higher in endometrioid cancer as compared to nonendometrioid cancer (p=0.040), but there was no difference for cytoplasmic survivin and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expressions between type I and type II carcinomas. Survivin cytoplasmic staining was significantly lower in patients with deep myometrial invasion (p=0.038). Nuclear expression of survivin is decreased in histologic grade 3 tumors compared to grade 1 and 2 tumors (p=0.013), but there is no difference between grade 1 and 2. We did not find any statistically significant difference between survivin or matrix metalloproteinase-2 expressions and survival. Conclusion: Survivin and matrix metalloproteinase-2 are present in endometrioid and nonendometrioid cancers. Grade 1 and 2 tumors and carcinomas having myometrial invasion less than 50% have higher survivin expression. These results supports that, survivin may play an important role in early stage tumors and early phases of tumor development. We did not find any association between matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression and classical prognostic factors in endometrial cancer and both proteins were not associated with survival. Objective: To determine matrix metalloproteinase-2 and survivin expressions in endometrial cancers, their relation to clinical and histologic parameters and to investigate any difference in the expression of these markers between endometrioid and nonendometrioid cancers. Methods: Ninety-five patients with endometrial cancer, were included. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and survivin expressions were analyzed immunohistochemically from paraffin-embedded tissues by using specific monoclonal antibodies. Results: Survivin nuclear expression was higher in endometrioid cancer as compared to nonendometrioid cancer (p=0.040), but there was no difference for cytoplasmic survivin and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expressions between type I and type II carcinomas. Survivin cytoplasmic staining was significantly lower in patients with deep myometrial invasion (p=0.038). Nuclear expression of survivin is decreased in histologic grade 3 tumors compared to grade 1 and 2 tumors (p=0.013), but there is no difference between grade 1 and 2. We did not find any statistically significant difference between survivin or matrix metalloproteinase-2 expressions and survival. Conclusion: Survivin and matrix metalloproteinase-2 are present in endometrioid and nonendometrioid cancers. Grade 1 and 2 tumors and carcinomas having myometrial invasion less than 50% have higher survivin expression. These results supports that, survivin may play an important role in early stage tumors and early phases of tumor development. We did not find any association between matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression and classical prognostic factors in endometrial cancer and both proteins were not associated with survival.

A comparison of hydration effect on body fluid and temperature regulation between Malaysian and Japanese males exercising at mild dehydration in humid heat

Wakabayashi, Hitoshi,Wijayanto, Titis,Lee, Joo-Young,Hashiguchi, Nobuko,Saat, Mohamed,Tochihara, Yutaka BioMed Central 2014 Journal of Physiological Anthropology Vol.33 No.1

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>This study investigated the effect of hydration differences on body fluid and temperature regulation between tropical and temperate indigenes exercising in the heat.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Ten Japanese and ten Malaysian males with matched physical characteristics (height, body weight, and peak oxygen consumption) participated in this study. Participants performed exercise for 60 min at 55% peak oxygen uptake followed by a 30-min recovery at 32°C and 70% relative air humidity with hydration (4 times each, 3 mL per kg body weight, 37°C) or without hydration. Rectal temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, skin blood flow, and blood pressure were measured continuously. The percentage of body weight loss and total sweat loss were calculated from body weight measurements. The percentage change in plasma volume was estimated from hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Malaysian participants had a significantly lower rectal temperature, a smaller reduction in plasma volume, and a lower heart rate in the hydrated condition than in the non-hydrated condition at the end of exercise (<I>P</I> <0.05), whereas Japanese participants showed no difference between the two hydration conditions. Hydration induced a greater total sweat loss in both groups (<I>P</I> <0.05), and the percentage of body weight loss in hydrated Malaysians was significantly less than in hydrated Japanese (<I>P</I> <0.05). A significant interaction between groups and hydration conditions was observed for the percentage of mean cutaneous vascular conductance during exercise relative to baseline (<I>P</I> <0.05).</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The smaller reduction in plasma volume and percentage body weight loss in hydrated Malaysians indicated an advantage in body fluid regulation. This may enable Malaysians to reserve more blood for circulation and heat dissipation and thereby maintain lower rectal temperatures in a hydrated condition.</P>

Inter Vivos Transfers Based on Affection for Wealth Distribution Planning in Malaysia

KAMARUDIN, Mohd Khairy,NOR MUHAMAD, Nasrul Hisyam,ALMA'AMUN, Suhaili,ABDULLAH, Abdul Hafiz,SAAT, Syahrulnizam,SAMURAH, Nurul Osman Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.4

Inter vivos in the context of wealth and estate planning can be generally defined as a transfer that takes place between the livings. Parents are motivated to transfer for altruisme and exchange. In this context, this study aims to explore another potential motives of inter vivos, which is 'affection'. Data is collected through semi-structured interviews with inter vivos experts who have published articles in this area. The interview is encoded and thematic analysis is carried out to classify themes and subthemes that exist in the inter vivos transfers. This study discovers four main themes, which indicate that inter vivos transfers based on affection can be enlightened by the relationship between parents and children, responsibility for children, types of inter vivos, and effects to other heirs. Relationship between parents and children can be explained as parents transfer their wealth to the closest children, children who care for them and to family members only. Parents also are responsible to protect their children after they die and assist them who are in need. Types of inter vivos are considered as boundless inter vivos and without any material return. Inter vivos based on affection also aims not to abuse other heirs.