Comparison of contractile mechanisms of sphingosylphosphorylcholine and sphingosine-1-phosphate in rabbit coronary artery

Choi, S.-K.,Ahn, D.-S.,Lee, Y.-H. Oxford University Press 2009 Cardiovascular research Vol.82 No.2

<P>AIMS: Although stimulation with sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) or sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) generally leads to similar vascular responses, the contractile patterns and their underlying signalling mechanisms are often distinct. We investigated the different reliance upon Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-sensitizing mechanisms of constriction in response to SPC or S1P in coronary arteries. METHODS AND RESULTS: Contractile responses, changes in [Ca2+]i, and phosphorylation of myosin light chain phosphatase-targeting subunit (MYPT1) were measured. SPC induced a concentration-dependent sustained contraction. S1P evoked a rapid rise in force (initial transient), which was followed by a secondary sustained force. In the absence of extracellular Ca2+, the concentration dependency of constriction to SPC was shifted to the right, but with no change in maximum force, whereas S1P-induced contraction was significantly blunted. Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) significantly decreased the initial transient force induced by S1P. In isolated single cells, S1P markedly increased [Ca2+]i, whereas only a modest elevation was noted with SPC. The S1P-induced elevation of [Ca2+]i was abolished by pre-treatment with CPA and was significantly reduced in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. In beta-escin-permeabilized strips, SPC augmented pCa 6.3-induced force; this was significantly inhibited by fasudil hydrochloride. S1P induced little or no augmentation of pCa 6.3-induced force. In intact arteries, SPC-induced contraction was completely inhibited by fasudil hydrochloride. Fasudil hydrochloride had no effect on the initial transient force induced by S1P but significantly inhibited the secondary sustained force. SPC induced a several-fold increase in Thr696 and Thr853 phosphorylation of MYPT1, but S1P did not affect phosphorylation of MYPT1. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that constriction of coronary arteries in response to the bioactive lipid S1P or SPC occurs by distinct signalling pathways. Activation of the RhoA/RhoA-associated kinase pathway and subsequent phosphorylation of MYPT1 play a key role in SPC-induced coronary contraction, whereas elevation of [Ca2+]i is crucial for S1P-induced coronary constriction.</P>

Prediction of stone-free status and complication rates after tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a comparative and retrospective study using three stone-scoring systems and preoperative parameters

Choi, S. W.,Bae, W. J.,Ha, U. S.,Hong, S. H.,Lee, J. Y.,Kim, S. W.,Cho, H. J. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 World journal of urology Vol.35 No.3

<P>To investigate the factors predictive of surgical outcomes of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (TPCNL) and to compare the predictability and accuracy of the Guy's stone score, S.T.O.N.E. nephrolithometry, and CROES nomogram. We reviewed retrospectively the surgical outcomes recorded consecutively and imaging data of preoperative computed tomography scans of 141 patients who had undergone TPCNL from June 2012 to October 2015. Guy's, S.T.O.N.E., and CROES stone-scoring systems (SSSs) and other prognostic factors were assessed using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. The initial stone-free and complication rates after TPCNL were 78.7 (111/141) and 17.0 % (24/141). On univariate analysis, all three scoring systems were identified as significant factors in terms of stone-free rate (SFR). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the Guy's stone score and stone burden 385 mm(2) had significant correlations with stone-free status [odds ratios (OR) = 3.220, p = 0.001 and OR = 6.451, p = 0.002, respectively]. Guy's stone score (OR = 1.879, p = 0.013) was an independent risk factor for the development of complications. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the Guy's, S.T.O.N.E., and CROES SSSs and stone burden showed good results (0.821, 0.816, 0.820, and 0.800, respectively). Pairwise comparison of ROC curves showed that there was no significant difference between each final score and stone burden. Of the three scoring systems, Guy's stone score was the only significant predictive factor for SFR and complication rates after TPCNL in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Stone burden was significantly associated with a postoperative stone-free status (SFS).</P>

Role of the Meckel’s Cartilage in Embryonic Mandibular Development of Mice

J. W Choi,S. B Han,J. H Sung,H. I Shin 대한구강악안면병리학회 2005 대한구강악안면병리학회지 Vol.29 No.5

Mecke!'s car t ilage is one of the ea rliest structu re to appear in a mandible derived from the lï rst branchi a l a rch and serves as the primorclium I"or the formation 01‘ mandible‘ mall eus. incus. and sphenomandibular li gament However. its direct role a nd the mechanism in mandibular clevelopment a re not well elucidated. 1'0 address t his Issue‘ we observed morphol ogical and histological changes and gene expression patterns in the Mecke!'s cart ilage 01" a cleveloping mouse. I"rom E13.5 to E18.5 embryos. using skeletal preparation samples a ncl routinely prepa red s lide secti ons for light mi croscopic observation in various sectional planes. The following methods were per |‘ ormecl : H&E staining I"or general hi st이 og i cal observation ‘ Von Kossafor detection of minerali zation. TRAP activ ity staining for locali zaLion 01’ osteoclastic cell s. immunohistochemistry for !Iα@-1 a ncl -9 forevaluati on of enzy matic activity 01" osteoclasLic cell s. a ncl in situ hybricli zation for detection of collagen type 1. Il. ancl X mRNA ex presslon‘ respecLively. AL E1 3.5 Mec kel's cartilage appeared as a V-shaped rod fused a t the micl line and thin minera li zed ma ndibular buccal plaLe was I"ormed lateral to. and at some clistance from. Meckel’s carti lage in an intramembranous ossi lïcation mocle. WiLh the progression of tooth development. t he Meckel’s in carti lage adjacent incisors revealecl hyperLrophi c chonclrocyte di ff"er entiation with minerali zation of the chondroid matrix. The Meckel’s car Li lage was replacecl with bone by o~ L eoc l asLs . showing strong immunoreact ivity for MMP- l ancl -9 from E16 5 Wi Lh ti me‘ Lhis bony replacement of Meckel's cartilage in an endochondral ossification mode was ex Lenclecl up Lo the mid-porLion of Lhe molar sockets til l EI8.5. The bony replacement of minera li zed hypertrophic chondrocyte zone expressing X collagen mHNA conLri buted to the formation of thick mandibular lingual plate . 1'hese f"i ndings suggesL LhaL mandibular formalion and development is closely relatecl with not only Mecke!'s carLi lage. buL also wiLh Lhc developing LooLh. and thaL C'erLai n in f"l uence from the developing tooth may play a role in detcrmin in g Lhe faLc of Meckel’s ca rLi lage cluring ma ndi bular development.

Fatigue performance of deepwater SCR under short-term VIV considering various S-N curves

Kim, D.K.,Choi, H.S.,Shin, C.S.,Liew, M.S.,Yu, S.Y.,Park, K.S. Techno-Press 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.53 No.5

In this study, a method for fatigue performance estimation of deepwater steel catenary riser (SCR) under short-term vortex-induced vibration was investigated for selected S-N curves. General tendency between S-N curve capacity and fatigue performance was analysed. SCRs are generally used to transport produced oil and gas or to export separated oil and gas, and are exposed to various environmental loads in terms of current, wave, wind and others. Current is closely related with VIV and it affects fatigue life of riser structures significantly. In this regards, the process of appropriate S-N curve selection was performed in the initial design stage based on the scale of fabrication-related initial imperfections such as welding, hot spot, crack, stress concentration factor, and others. To draw the general tendency, the effects of stress concentration factor (SCF), S-N curve type, current profile, and three different sizes of SCRs were considered, and the relationship between S-N curve capacity and short-term VIV fatigue performance of SCR was derived. In case of S-N curve selection, DNV (2012) guideline was adopted and four different current profiles of the Gulf of Mexico (normal condition and Hurricane condition) and Brazil (Amazon basin and Campos basin) were considered. The obtained results will be useful to select the S-N curve for deepwater SCRs and also to understand the relationship between S-N curve capacity and short-term VIV fatigue performance of deepwater SCRs.

Diagnostic usefulness of a T cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in kidney transplant candidates before transplantation

Kim, S.-H.,Lee, S.-O.,Park, I.-A.,Park, S.J.,Choi, S.-H.,Kim, Y.S.,Woo, J.H.,Park, S.-K.,Park, J.S.,Kim, S.C.,Han, D.J. Blackwell Publishing Inc 2010 Transplant infectious disease Vol.12 No.2

<P>S.-H. Kim, S.-O. Lee, I.-A. Park, S.J. Park, S.-H. Choi, Y.S. Kim, J.H. Woo, S.-K. Park, J.S. Park, S.C. Kim, D.J. Han. Diagnostic usefulness of a T cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in kidney transplant candidates before transplantation.Transpl Infect Dis 2010: <B>12:</B> 113–119. All rights reserved</P><P>Background</P><P>The presence of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) should be evaluated before kidney transplantation. Although a new T cell-based assay for diagnosing LTBI gave promising results, this assay has not yet been compared with the tuberculin skin test (TST) for diagnosing LTBI in renal transplant candidates before transplantation.</P><P>Patients and methods</P><P>All adult patients admitted to a single institute for renal transplantation over a 1-year period were prospectively enrolled. A clinically predictive risk of LTBI was defined as: (i) recent close contact with a person with pulmonary TB; (ii) abnormal chest radiography; (iii) a history of untreated or inadequately treated TB; or (iv) a new infection (i.e., a recent conversion of TST).</P><P>Results</P><P>Of 209 renal recipients, 47 (22%) had a positive TST≥5 mm, 21 (10%) had a positive TST≥10 mm, 65 (30%) had a positive T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test, and 25 (12%) had an indeterminate T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test. The induration size of TST was significantly associated with a high positivity rate on T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> (<I>P</I><0.001). Agreement between T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test and TST≥10 mm was fair (<I>k</I>=0.24, 95% confidence interval 0.11–0.36). However, neither univariate nor multivariate analysis showed any association between the clinical risk for LTBI and positivity on T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> or TST.</P><P>Conclusion</P><P>T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test was more frequently positive than TST in renal transplant candidates. However, further longitudinal studies are awaited to determine whether the ability of T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> assay to detect LTBI in renal transplant recipients can better predict the development of TB than can TST after transplantation.</P>

반추위 곰팡이의 분리 · 동정과 섬유소 분해효소의 특성구명 및 이들의 산업적 이용에 관한 연구 (4) 한우 및 재래산양의 반추위에서 분리된 곰팡이의 섬유소 분해력 측정

이성실(S . S . Lee),하종규(J . K . Ha),최윤재(Y . J . Choi),한인규(In K . Han),김창현(C . H . Kim),강수현(S . H . Kang) 한국영양사료학회 1995 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.19 No.5

반추위 곰팡이의 분리 · 동정과 섬유소 분해효소의 특성구명 및 이들의 산업적 이용에 관한 연구 (5) 한우와 재래산양에서 분리된 곰팡이의 섬유소 분해효소 활력 측정

이성실(S . S . Lee),하종규(J . K . Ha),최윤재(Y . J . Choi) 한국영양사료학회 1995 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.19 No.6

Reactivities of organic isothiocyanates and thiocyanates toward dialkyl bis(phosphine) complexes of palladium(II) and platinum(II)

Lee, S.G.,Choi, K.Y.,Kim, Y.J.,Park, S.,Lee, S.W. Pergamon Press 2015 Polyhedron Vol.85 No.-

Room-temperature reactions of trans-[PdEt<SUB>2</SUB>L<SUB>2</SUB>] (L=PMe<SUB>3</SUB>, PEt<SUB>3</SUB>, PMe<SUB>2</SUB>Ph) with organic isothiocyanates [R-NCS; R=benzyl; CH(CH<SUB>3</SUB>)Ph, R-(-) and S-(+); indanyl, S-(+)] afforded the S,S-coordinated Pd(II) complexes [Pd(S<SUB>2</SUB>C?N-R)L<SUB>2</SUB>] containing a dithiocarbonimidato (S<SUB>2</SUB>C?N-R) group. Similar reactions involving allyl isothiocyanates produced the cationic η<SUP>3</SUP>-allyl Pd complex [Pd(η<SUP>3</SUP>-allyl)(PMe<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>]<SUP>+</SUP>(NCS)<SUP>-</SUP>. When [Pd(S<SUB>2</SUB>C?N-R)(PMe<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>] was treated with 1equiv of a chelating phosphine [L-L=depe (1,2-bis(diethylphosphino)ethane) and dmpe (1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane)], the corresponding complexes [Pd(S<SUB>2</SUB>C?N-R)(L-L)] were produced. Reactions of trans-[PdEt<SUB>2</SUB>L<SUB>2</SUB>] (L=PMe<SUB>3</SUB>, PMe<SUB>2</SUB>Ph) with organic thiocyanates (R-SCN; R=benzyl, Et) resulted in the formation of [Pd(CN)<SUB>2</SUB>L<SUB>2</SUB>] and an organic disulfide by S-C bond cleavage of R-SCN. However, similar reactions of the dimethyl analogs, trans-[PdMe<SUB>2</SUB>L<SUB>2</SUB>] (L=PMe<SUB>3</SUB>, PEt<SUB>3</SUB>), with benzyl thiocyanate afforded different products, [Pd(NCS)<SUB>2</SUB>L<SUB>2</SUB>] or [PdMe(NCS)L<SUB>2</SUB>]. Treating [Pt(styrene)(PMe<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>] with benzyl isothiocyanate gave the S-coordinated dithiocarbonimidato Pt(II) complex, [Pt(S<SUB>2</SUB>C?N-R)(Me<SUB>3</SUB>P)<SUB>2</SUB>] (R=benzyl). In contrast, cis-[PtEt<SUB>2</SUB>(PMe<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>] reacted with the isothiocyanate to afford the trialkyl Pt(IV) complex [PtEt<SUB>2</SUB>(SCN)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>Ph)(PMe<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>].

Anti-inflammatory effects of Stephania tetrandra S. Moore on interleukin-6 production and experimental inflammatory disease models

Kang, H-S,Kim, Y-H,Lee, C-S,Lee, J-J,Choi, I.,Pyun, K-H 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1997 藥學論文集 Vol.13 No.-

DEREGULATION of interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression caused the synthesis and release of many inflammatory mediators. It is involved in chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and malignancy. Stephania tetrandra S. Moore is a Chinese medicinal herb which has been used traditionally as a remedy for neuralgia and arthritis in China. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of S. tetrandra S. Moore in vitro and in vivo, its effects on the production of Il-6 and inflammatory mediators were analysed. When human monocytes/macrophages stimulated with silica were treated with 0.1-10 ㎍/㎖ S. tetranda S. Moore, the production of IL-6 was inhibited up to 50%. At these concentrations, it had no cytotoxicity effect on these cells. It also suppressed the production of Il-6 by alveolar macrophages stimulated with silica. In addition, it inhibited the release of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide from human monocytes/macrophages. To assess the anti-fibrosis efects of S. tetrandra S. Moore, its effects on in vivo experimental inflammatory models were evaluated. In the experimental silicosis model, IL-6 activities in the sera and in the culture supernatants of pulmonary fibroblasts were also inhibited by it. In vitro and in vivo treatment of S. tetrandra S. Moore reduced collagen production by rat lung fibroblasts and lung tissue. Also, S. tetrandra S. Moore reduced the levels of serum GOT and GPT in the rat cirrhosis model induced by CCl_4, and it was effective in reducing hepatic fibrosis and nodular formation. Taken together, these data indicate that it has a potent antiinflammatory and anti-fibrosis effect by reducing IL-6 production.

벼 육묘트레이를 이용한 어린 잎 채소 생육에 미치는 광 조절 영향

최기영 ( K. Y. Choi ),김시홍 ( S. H. Kim ),김재경 ( J. K. Kim ),유형주 ( H. J. Yoo ),김일섭 ( I. S. Kim ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2016 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.28 No.2

벼 육묘 트레이를 활용한 어린잎 채소 재배 가능성을 탐색하고자 재배 기간 중 차광 처리하여 다채, 청경채, 알파인배추, 청치마 상추 등 4종을 17일간 재배하였다. 차광 처리는 무차광 17일(NS), 차광 8일+무차광 9일 (S8NS9), 무차광 8일+차광 9일(NS8S9), 차광 17일(S17) 하였다. 처리에 따른 누적 광량은 NS>S8NS9>NS8S9>S17처리구 순으로 높았으나, 누적 온도는 처리에 따른 차이가 크지 않았다 차광 8일 째 어린잎채소 4종의 생육과 엽록소함량은 감소하였다. 광 조절 17일 째 어린잎채소 4종의 초장, 엽장, 엽폭, 경경, 생체중, 엽록소 함량 등의 생육은 무차광 NS 처리구에서 가장 높았다. 생육 초기 광조절에 따른 생육 후기 초장과 생체중 증가율이 어린잎채소 4종 모두 NS 또는 S8NS9 처리구에서 높았다. 따라서 벼 육묘장 다층 시스템에서의 공간 활용을 고려한 어린잎채소 재배시 차광이 많은 하부 공간은 생육초기에 활용하고, 수확기에는 광 확보가 이루어지는 상부에서 재배가 이루어짐이 적합하리라 본다. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of light control on growth of baby leaf vegetables (tatsoi, pak-choi, chinese cabbage ‘alpine’ and leaf lettuce ‘cheongchima’) in rice seedling tray. Light treatment controlled in non-shading (NS), shading for 8 days+non-shading for 9 days (S8NS9), non-shading for 8 days+shading for 9 days (NS8S9), and shading for 17 days (S17). Integrated solar radiation in NS was highest, and in S8NS9>NS8S9>S17 order. Integrated temperature did not shown difference among the treatments for growing periods. Growth and chlorophyll content of baby leaf vegetables were lowest in shading treatment for 8days. The highest growth characteristics (plant height, leaf length, leaf width, stem diameters, and fresh weight) and chlorophyll content of baby leaf vegetables was shown in NS. Increment rate of plant height and fresh weight of baby leaf vegetables were high in NS or S8NS9 as affected by light control for 8 days in early growth periods. These results suggest that we can utilize in low layer for early period and in high layer for harvest periods for baby vegetable production in rice seedling factory.