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ON A VARIANT OF VERTEX EDGE DOMINATION
S.V. SIVA RAMA RAJU The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2023 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.41 No.4
A new variant of vertex edge domination, namely semi total vertex edge domination has been introduced in the present paper. A subset S of the vertex set V of a graph G is said to be a semi total vertex edge dominating set(stved - set), if it is a vertex edge dominating set of G and each vertex in S is within a distance two of another vertex in S. An stved-set of G having minimum cardinality is said to be an γ<sub>stve</sub>(G)- set and its cardinality is denoted by γ<sub>stve</sub>(G). Bounds for γ<sub>stve</sub>(G) - set have been given in terms of various graph theoretic parameters and graphs attaining the bounds have been characterized. In particular, bounds for trees have been obtained and extremal trees have been characterized.
On the Shultz index of the subdivision graphs
P. S. Ranjini,V. Lokesha,M. A. Rajan,M. Phani Raju 장전수학회 2011 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.21 No.3
In this paper we concern with the Shultz index of the subdivision graph and calculated the explicit expressions for the Shultz index of the subdivision graph of the complete graph S_n, tadpole graph T_n,_k, the wheel graph W_(n+1), the helm graph H_(n+1) and the ladder graph L_n,
Features of Foliar Epidermis and Stomata in Some Kuphorbiaceae Subfamily Oldfieldioideae
Raju Vatsavaya S . 한국식물학회 1988 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.31 No.2
The features of foliar epidermis and stomata are studied in nine genera representing all the four tribes of the subfamily Oldfieldioideae of the family Euphorbiaceae. On both sides of the leaf, the cuticle is generally smooth with more or less straight epidermal anticlinal walls. The epidermal cells are polygonal and their size varied with species on both sides. The costal cells are either distinct (Dissiliaria, Oldfieldia, etc.) or indistinct (Caletieae). In the taxa examined, the stomata are confined to the abaxial epidermis and diffusely orientated except in Caletieae. They are basically of brachyparacytic type; however, they are anomocytic in Androstachys and of a special type in Mischodon. A systematic consideration of these features showed that they are not only useful in revealing relationships within the subfamily but also of aid in the classification.
The Wiener Polynomial for the Subdivision Graph of Certain Classes of Graphs
S. Shetty,V. Lokesha,P. Raju,S. Ranjini 장전수학회 2015 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.25 No.4
One of the oldest distance-based topological index, the Wiener index is studied and expressions for the Wiener polynomial of the subdivision graph of the crown graph, trampoline graph, barbell graph and fan graph are presented here.
Joining of metal-ceramic using reactive air brazing for oxygen transport membrane applications
Raju, K.,Muksin,Kim, S.,Song, K.s.,Yu, J.H.,Yoon, D.H. Elsevier Ltd 2016 Materials & Design Vol.109 No.-
<P>This study examined the joining of dense Ce0.9Gd0.1O2 (-) (delta)-La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (-) (delta) (GDC-LSCF) ceramics to high temperature metal alloys for the fabrication of multilayered oxygen transport membrane (OTM) stacks. Reactive air brazing using a silver-based paste was performed at 1050 degrees C for 30 min in air to join GDC-LSCF/high temperature alloys, such as AISI 310S, Inconel 600 and Crofer 22 APU. The effects of the various filler materials, including CuO, GDC, LSCF, and GDC-LSCF mixture, in the Ag paste were also examined. The Ag-10 wt% CuO braze filler ensured in a reliable and compact joining without the formation of cracks and voids at the joining interface, while the addition of other ceramic fillers resulted in incomplete joining. Although none of the GDC-LSCF/metal alloy joints showed gas leakage at room temperature, the GDC-LSCF/Crofer joint only maintained the gas-tightness up to 800 degrees C under pressurized air up to 7 bars, which was explained by the microstructural rigidness of the oxide layer formed on the filler/alloy interface at high temperatures. This was supported by the minimal decrease in shear strength of the GDC-LSCF/Crofer joint, which was 91.1 and 88.3 MPa for the as-brazed and isothermally aged joint at 800 degrees C for 24 h in air, respectively. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.</P>
Raju, G. S.,Pavitra, E.,Hussain, S. K.,Balaji, D.,Yu, J. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.4 No.5
<P>A series of Eu3+ ions activated (BaLa6)-La-4(SiO4)(6)O (BLSO:Eu3+) phosphors were synthesized by a modified citrate sol-gel process. The structural properties of these phosphors were explored by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The XRD patterns confirmed their oxyapatite structure with the space group of P6(3)/m after annealing at 1400 degrees C. The scanning electron microscope image exhibited the irregular morphology of BLSO: Eu3+ particles and the elemental mapping confirmed that the Eu3+ ions were distributed homogeneously on the La3+ ion sites. Photoluminescence (PL) excitation spectra of BLSO: Eu3+ exhibited the charge transfer band (CTB) and intense f-f transitions of Eu3+ ions in the violet and blue wavelength regions. The CTB intensity decreased and the f-f transition of Eu3+ ions increased with increasing the Eu3+ ion concentration due to the presence of defects in the 4f and 6h sites of the BLSO host lattice. This feature facilitates the strong absorption in the near-ultraviolet (NUV) region, which is useful for high color rendering index NUV based white light-emitting diodes for display and lighting applications. The PL spectra displayed intense red emission (D-5(0) -> F-7(2)) along with considerable orange emission (D-5(0) -> F-7(1)) with good asymmetry ratios and chromaticity coordinates, and exhibited better emission performance than that of commercial Y2O3:Eu3+ phosphors. The three-dimensional PL spectra revealed their strong emission characteristics under UV, NUV and visible excitation wavelengths. The cathodoluminescence properties were also similar to the PL results, confirming that the BLSO: Eu3+ phosphors emit stable red emission under different excitation sources as compared to the commercial Y2O3: Eu3+ phosphors.</P>
Raju, B.,Kumar, J.R.,Lee, J.Y.,Kwonc, H.S.,Kantam, M.L.,Reddy, B.R. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2012 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.227 No.-
The solvent extraction and precipitation methods have been used to develop a process to separate platinum and rhodium from a synthetic chloride solutions containing other associated metals such as (mg/L): Pt-364, Rh-62, Al-13880, Mg-6980, Fe-1308 at <1M HCl acidity. At pH 3.4, the quantitative precipitation of Al and Fe was achieved using 10wt% Na<SUB>3</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB>.12H<SUB>2</SUB>O, with ∼4% loss of Pt and Rh due to adsorption phenomenon. The selective separation of platinum was carried out with 0.01M Aliquat 336 (a quaternary ammonium salt) at an aqueous to organic ratio (A/O) of 3.3 in two stages. Stripping of Pt from loaded organic (LO) at O/A ratio 6 with 0.5M thiourea (tu) and HCl indicated that ∼99.9% stripping efficiency. In stripping studies, needle like crystals of Pt were found and identified as tetrakis (thiourea) platinum (II) chloride ([Pt(tu)<SUB>4</SUB>]Cl<SUB>2</SUB>). The selective precipitation of rhodium was performed with (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>S from platinum free raffinate with a recovery of >99%.
( S. V. Seshagiri ),( S. Sankar Naik ),( J. Seetharamulu ),( A. K. Goel ),( P. J. Raju ) 한국잠사학회 2012 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.24 No.1
To meet the local requirement i.e. the tropical stress of Andhra Pradesh and marginal farmers, twenty four new hybrid combinations were tested in Line x Tester method involving eight newly developed polyvoltine oval lines viz., MSO1, MSO2, MSO3, MSO4, MSO5, MSO6, MSO7 and MSO8 and three bivoltine silkworm breeds viz., APS12, APS45 and APS8 as testers. These hybrids were reared to evaluate their performance. Data for eight economically important metric traits viz., fecundity, cocoon yield per 10,000 larvae by number, cocoon yield per 10,000 larvae by weight, survival rate, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio and filament length was recorded. General combining ability (gca), specific combining ability (sca) and heterosis were analyzed. Further, the relative merit of the hybrids for all the traits under study was also assessed adopting Evaluation Index method. Based on combining ability effects, heterosis and evaluation index, five hybrid combinations viz., MSO3 x APS45, MSO1 x APS12, MSO7 x APS8, MSO2 x APS45 and MSO1 x APS45 were selected for further evaluation in different seasons.
Ruthenium catalyzes the synthesis of γ-butenolides fused with cyclohexanones
Thombal, Raju S.,Kim, Seoung-Tae,Baik, Mu-Hyun,Lee, Yong Rok The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Chemical communications Vol.55 No.20
<P>Ruthenium(II)-catalyzed reactions of cyclic diazodicarbonyl compounds with β-ketoamides for chemo- and stereoselective construction of cyclohexanone-fused γ-butenolides are described. This study represents the first example of the addition of an enol substrate which is formed by the tautomerization of the β-ketoamides to the electrophilic carbene center for unusual cyclization through amide cleavage. The combined experimental and computational studies shed light on the mechanistic pathway favouring the unusual ring formation reaction instead of the involvement of the general carbonyl ylide intermediates for the product generation.</P>