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Carr, Robert,Fanti, Stefano,Paez, Diana,Cerci, Juliano,Gyö,rke, Tamá,s,Redondo, Francisca,Morris, Tim P.,Meneghetti, Claudio,Auewarakul, Chirayu,Nair, Reena,Gorospe, Charity,Chung, June-Key Society of Nuclear Medicine 2014 The Journal of nuclear medicine Vol.55 No.12
<P>The International Atomic Energy Agency sponsored a large, multinational, prospective study to further define PET for risk stratification of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and to test the hypothesis that international biological diversity or diversity of healthcare systems may influence the kinetics of treatment response as assessed by interim PET (I-PET). <B>Methods:</B> Cancer centers in Brazil, Chile, Hungary, India, Italy, the Philippines, South Korea, and Thailand followed a common protocol based on treatment with R-CHOP (cyclophosphamide, hydroxyadriamycin, vincristine, prednisolone with rituximab), with I-PET after 2–3 cycles of chemotherapy and at the end of chemotherapy scored visually. <B>Results:</B> Two-year survivals for all 327 patients (median follow-up, 35 mo) were 79% (95% confidence interval [CI], 74%–83%) for event-free survival (EFS) and 86% (95% CI, 81%–89%) for overall survival (OS). Two hundred ten patients (64%) were I-PET–negative, and 117 (36%) were I-PET–positive. Two-year EFS was 90% (95% CI, 85%–93%) for I-PET–negative and 58% (95% CI, 48%–66%) for I-PET–positive, with a hazard ratio of 5.31 (95% CI, 3.29–8.56). Two-year OS was 93% (95% CI, 88%–96%) for I-PET–negative and 72% (95% CI, 63%–80%) for I-PET–positive, with a hazard ratio of 3.86 (95% CI, 2.12–7.03). On sequential monitoring, 192 of 312 (62%) patients had complete response at both I-PET and end-of-chemotherapy PET, with an EFS of 97% (95% CI, 92%–98%); 110 of these with favorable clinical indicators had an EFS of 98% (95% CI, 92%–100%). In contrast, the 107 I-PET–positive cases segregated into 2 groups: 58 (54%) achieved PET-negative complete remission at the end of chemotherapy (EFS, 86%; 95% CI, 73%–93%); 46% remained PET-positive (EFS, 35%; 95% CI, 22%–48%). Heterogeneity analysis found no significant difference between countries for outcomes stratified by I-PET. <B>Conclusion:</B> This large international cohort delivers 3 novel findings: treatment response assessed by I-PET is comparable across disparate healthcare systems, secondly a negative I-PET findings together with good clinical status identifies a group with an EFS of 98%, and thirdly a single I-PET scan does not differentiate chemoresistant lymphoma from complete response and cannot be used to guide risk-adapted therapy.</P>
Atomic and electronic reconstruction at the van der Waals interface in twisted bilayer graphene
Yoo, Hyobin,Engelke, Rebecca,Carr, Stephen,Fang, Shiang,Zhang, Kuan,Cazeaux, Paul,Sung, Suk Hyun,Hovden, Robert,Tsen, Adam W.,Taniguchi, Takashi,Watanabe, Kenji,Yi, Gyu-Chul,Kim, Miyoung,Luskin, Mitch Nature Publishing Group 2019 NATURE MATERIALS Vol.18 No.5