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Shiro Miyayama,Masashi Yamashiro,Rie Ikeda,Junichi Matsumoto,Nobuhiko Ogawa,Kazuo Notsumata 소화기인터벤션의학회 2022 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.11 No.1
Background: Bleeding from duodenal varices is a rare but life-threatening complication of portal hypertension. The treatment of duodenal varices remains difficult and a definitive treatment strategy has not been established. The aim of this study was to report the technical aspects and outcomes of balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) using 5% ethanolamine oleate with iopamidol (EOI) for duodenal varices. Methods: Six consecutive patients with duodenal varices treated using BRTO were eligible. Endoscopic treatment was performed first in three patients with active bleeding. After coil embolization of collateral veins, stepwise EOI infusion was performed at intervals of 10–30 minutes under balloon occlusion until the main efferent vein, varices, and the main afferent vein were filled with EOI and clots. The techniques and outcomes of BRTO were retrospectively evaluated. Results: The main efferent vein of duodenal varices was the right (n = 4) or left (n = 2) gonadal vein. In three patients with ruptured varices, BRTO was performed after achieving hemostasis by endoscopic treatment. In five patients, 1–4 (mean, 2.4 ± 1.1) collateral veins were embolized with coils before EOI infusion. Furthermore, 11–21 mL (mean, 15.3 ± 4.2 mL) of EOI was infused by 3–5 (mean, 3.5 ± 1.0) stepwise infusions via the efferent vein under balloon occlusion. The duration of EOI infusion under balloon occlusion ranged from 82 to 118 minutes (mean, 87.8 ± 13.6 minutes). The varices were thrombosed in all but one patient. In the remaining patient, the varices were thrombosed by additional BRTO under overnight balloon occlusion performed 19 days later. The only complications were a transient fever and hematuria. All duodenal varices disappeared during a followup of 4–32 months (mean, 16.2 ± 11.1 months) after BRTO. Conclusion: BRTO using EOI is an effective treatment for duodenal varices.
Shiro Miyayama,Masashi Yamashiro,Rie Ikeda,Junichi Matsumoto,Nobuhiko Ogawa,Kazuo Notsumata 소화기인터벤션의학회 2022 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.11 No.1
Background: Bleeding from duodenal varices is a rare but life-threatening complication of portal hypertension. The treatment of duodenal varices remains difficult and a definitive treatment strategy has not been established. The aim of this study was to report the technical aspects and outcomes of balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) using 5% ethanolamine oleate with iopamidol (EOI) for duodenal varices. Methods: Six consecutive patients with duodenal varices treated using BRTO were eligible. Endoscopic treatment was performed first in three patients with active bleeding. After coil embolization of collateral veins, stepwise EOI infusion was performed at intervals of 10–30 minutes under balloon occlusion until the main efferent vein, varices, and the main afferent vein were filled with EOI and clots. The techniques and outcomes of BRTO were retrospectively evaluated. Results: The main efferent vein of duodenal varices was the right (n = 4) or left (n = 2) gonadal vein. In three patients with ruptured varices, BRTO was performed after achieving hemostasis by endoscopic treatment. In five patients, 1–4 (mean, 2.4 ± 1.1) collateral veins were embolized with coils before EOI infusion. Furthermore, 11–21 mL (mean, 15.3 ± 4.2 mL) of EOI was infused by 3–5 (mean, 3.5 ± 1.0) stepwise infusions via the efferent vein under balloon occlusion. The duration of EOI infusion under balloon occlusion ranged from 82 to 118 minutes (mean, 87.8 ± 13.6 minutes). The varices were thrombosed in all but one patient. In the remaining patient, the varices were thrombosed by additional BRTO under overnight balloon occlusion performed 19 days later. The only complications were a transient fever and hematuria. All duodenal varices disappeared during a followup of 4–32 months (mean, 16.2 ± 11.1 months) after BRTO. Conclusion: BRTO using EOI is an effective treatment for duodenal varices.
Yuki Tanisaka,Masafumi Mizuide,Akashi Fujita,Tomoya Ogawa,Hiromune Katsuda,Yoichi Saito,Kazuya Miyaguchi,Ryuhei Jinushi,Rie Terada,Yuya Nakano,Tomoaki Tashima,Yumi Mashimo,Shomei Ryozawa 소화기인터벤션의학회 2022 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.11 No.1
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the gold standard for diagnosis and intervention in patients with biliopancreatic disorders. However, ERCP in patients with surgically altered anatomy (SAA) is considered more difficult than in patients with normal anatomy. Since the introduction of balloon enteroscopes for patients with small intestine disorders, single-balloon enteroscopes (SBEs) and double-balloon enteroscopes (DBEs) have also been used for biliopancreatic diseases in patients with SAA. Nevertheless, the use of conventional SBEs and DBEs is limited, as a balloon enteroscope has a working length of 200 cm and a narrow working channel with a diameter of 2.8 mm; therefore, few ERCP accessories are available for use. A short-type SBE with a working length of 152 cm and a working channel of 3.2 mm in diameter, and a short-type DBE with a working length of 155 cm and a working channel of 3.2 mm were introduced to solve these difficulties. Favorable outcomes of these devices have recently been reported. Moreover, studies have reported several tips to achieve procedural success and factors affecting procedure failure. Difficult cases necessitate alternative techniques, such as percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage.
Yuki Tanisaka,Masafumi Mizuide,Akashi Fujita,Tomoya Ogawa,Hiromune Katsuda,Yoichi Saito,Kazuya Miyaguchi,Ryuhei Jinushi,Rie Terada,Yuya Nakano,Tomoaki Tashima,Yumi Mashimo,Shomei Ryozawa 소화기인터벤션의학회 2022 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.11 No.1
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the gold standard for diagnosis and intervention in patients with biliopancreatic disorders. However, ERCP in patients with surgically altered anatomy (SAA) is considered more difficult than in patients with normal anatomy. Since the introduction of balloon enteroscopes for patients with small intestine disorders, single-balloon enteroscopes (SBEs) and double-balloon enteroscopes (DBEs) have also been used for biliopancreatic diseases in patients with SAA. Nevertheless, the use of conventional SBEs and DBEs is limited, as a balloon enteroscope has a working length of 200 cm and a narrow working channel with a diameter of 2.8 mm; therefore, few ERCP accessories are available for use. A short-type SBE with a working length of 152 cm and a working channel of 3.2 mm in diameter, and a short-type DBE with a working length of 155 cm and a working channel of 3.2 mm were introduced to solve these difficulties. Favorable outcomes of these devices have recently been reported. Moreover, studies have reported several tips to achieve procedural success and factors affecting procedure failure. Difficult cases necessitate alternative techniques, such as percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage.