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신동욱,Viswanathan S. Saji,Ravindra K. Gupta,조용수 한국세라믹학회 2007 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.44 No.11
The variations of physical and dielectric properties of low temperature dielectrics based on typical aluminoborosilicate glasses modified with several divalent oxides were investigated. The divalent oxides studied here included CaO, MgO, BaO, SrO and ZnO. All samples containing either 35 wt% or 45 wt% alumina filler were prepared at the same processing condition and then fired at 850oC for 30 min. The resultant characteristics of fired samples depended on the choice of the divalent ion and the content of the alumina filler. Except for the ZnO modification, all other samples containing 35 wt% filler demonstrated promising densification as they exhibited reasonably high densities of 3.07-3.31 g/cm3 and high shrinkages of 14.0-16.4%. Particularly, the sample containing ZnO was distinguished with large variations compared to the base sample, which can be highlighted with earlier densification and crystallization at unexpectedly low temperatures. The negative effects of the ZnO modification on densification and dielectric properties were thought to be associated with earlier crystallization potentially by influencing effective densification via viscous flow. As an optimum composition, the sample containing only CaO showed the most promising characteristics such as k~8.05 and tanδ~0.0018 when 35 wt% alumina filler was used.
Review : Androgenesis in Mulberry Silkworm Bombyx mori L.: A Review
( Ravindra Singh ),( Raghavendra Rao ),( B. K. Kariappa ),( K. P. Jayaswal ) 한국잠사학회 2001 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.3 No.2
Androgenesis in silkworm acquires a special significance as along with combined applications of other breeding strategies like parthenogenesis and cloning, it may serve as a valuable tool for sex control in sericulture as well as selection and production of bisexual homozygous androgenetic lines. Production of hybrid silkworm yielding high proportion of male larvae is of immense use to silk industry (Strunnikov, 1975, 1983). In this review, an attempt has been made to assimilate the works carried out on androgenesis, different techniques of induction towards androgenetic development and its role in silkworm breeding.
Gupta, Ravindra K,Whang, Chin Myung IOP Pub 2007 Journal of physics, an Institute of Physics journa Vol.19 No.19
<P>The effect of composition on the structure of the new solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) perovskite (La<SUB>1−<I>x</I></SUB>Sr<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>)(Cr<SUB>0.85</SUB>Fe<SUB>0.05</SUB>Co<SUB>0.05</SUB>Ni<SUB>0.05</SUB>)O<SUB>3−δ</SUB> is studied using x-ray diffractometry, pycnometry, and Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Samples were synthesized using the Pechini method via doping the La site with Sr<SUP>2+</SUP>, to a composition with <I>x</I> = 0–0.4 mole fraction, and at the Cr site with 0.05 mol of Co<SUP>2+</SUP>,Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> and Ni<SUP>2+</SUP>, and the structural results were compared with those for orthorhombic LaCrO<SUB>3</SUB>. The samples were orthorhombic perovskite of the <I>Pnma</I> space group. A second phase, monoclinic SrCrO<SUB>4</SUB>, was also observed, whose content increased linearly with increasing <I>x</I>. A large decrease in the lattice and hence volume was observed for the sample with <I>x</I> = 0.1, which was accompanied by a sharp decrease in the Cr−O bond length, tilt angle and crystallite size. The structural parameters were almost invariant for <I>x</I> = 0.1–0.4, probably due to an increase in content of the high valence cations of smaller ionic radii, as suggested by an increase in the intensity of the defect band (∼515?cm<SUP>−1</SUP>, IR). The octahedral CrO<SUB>6</SUB> stretching, bending and tilting modes were found shifted accordingly. A mechanism employing a partial-charge model was proposed to explain the results. </P>
Singh, Ravindra,Rao, D.Raghavendra,Premalatha, V.,Mondal, Sipra,Kariappa, B.K.,Jayaswal, K.P.,Datta, R.K. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2001 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.2 No.2
Data from an experiment involving six polyvoltine and three bivoltine silkworm breeds have been analysed to know the level of hybrid rigour and cocoon shape variation in Fl hybrids among silkworm breeds with lows medium and high cocoon weight. Results indicated significantly positive heterosis for several quantitative characters with maximum total heterosis over mid parent value in hybrids between low and medium followed by low and low, medium and medium, low and high and high and low cocoon-weighed breeds, respectively. Study on cocoon shape measurement revelled that among Fl hybrids, cocoons of the three combinations such as GNP ${\times}$ CSR2, GNP ${\times}$ J2 and PM ${\times}$ NB4 D2 were comparatively uniform in their cocoon shape. Importance of this study to know the level of heterosis and cocoon shape variability in different silkworm crosses hale been discussed.
Development of a Robust Polyvoltine Breed $'NP_1'$ of the Mulberry Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Singh Ravindra,Rao D. Raghavendra,Sharma S.D.,Chandrashekaran K.,Basavaraja H.K.,Kariappa B.K.,Dandin S.B. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2006 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.12 No.1
A breeding programme was initiated during 2001 utilizing two polyvoltine silkworm breeds viz. $BL_{69}$, an evolved breed tolerant to high temperature and MAR, comparatively resistant to Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) with the objective to develop robust polyvoltine breeds and hybrids. The breed $NP_1$ was developed by exposing the fifth instar larvae to high temperature $(36{\pm}1^{\circ}C)$, high Relative Humidity ($85{\pm}5%$ R.H.) and inoculating third instar larvae with BmNPV inoculum. At $F_{12}$, the breed was tested for hybrid forming ability utilizing six bivoltine silkworm breeds viz. $CSR_2,\;CSR_4,\;CSR_{17},\;CSR_{18},\;CSR_{19}\;and\;NB_4D_2$. The hybrid $'NP_1{\times}CSR_{17}'$ exhibited its superiority by recording 97.2% survival, 1.892 g cocoon weight, 0.406 g cocoon shell weight, 21.5% cocoon shell ratio, 16.6% raw silk percentage and 890 m filament length whereas the control $(PM{\times}CSR_2)$ has recorded 90.2% survival, 1.599 g cocoon weight, 0.304 g cocoon shell weight, 18.9% cocoon shell ratio, 13.1 % raw silk percentage and 768 m filament length. Commercial exploitation of the new $polyvoltine{\times}bivoltine$ hybrid in sericulture industry has been discussed.