Geo-microbial and geochemical evidences in the near surface soils of Jamnagar sub-basin, Saurashtra, Gujarat, India: implications to hydrocarbon resource potential

Mohammed A. Rasheed,M. Lakshmi,M.S. Kalpana,P.L.S. Rao,D.J. Patil,V. Sudarshan,A.M. Dayal 한국지질과학협의회 2012 Geosciences Journal Vol.16 No.4

The Jamnagar sub-basin of Saurashtra, Gujarat is considered geologically prospective for hydrocarbons by Directorate General of Hydrocarbons (DGH), India. However the major part of the Jamnagar sub-basin is covered by Deccan Traps, hindering the exploration of Mesozoic hydrocarbon targets. In India, significant hydrocarbon finding in the stratigraphic sequence has not been established, as the major part of the Mesozoic sediments is underlying the Deccan Traps. Detection and mapping of the Mesozoic sediments below the Deccan Trap has been a long-standing complex geophysical problem facing the oil industry. The vast sheet of volcanic cover, which overlies the Mesozoic sediments acts as a geophysical shield and inhibit the effective use of conventional seismic techniques. Surface geochemical techniques based on hydrocarbon microseepage from subsurface accumulations, have potential to evaluate the prospects for petroleum exploration. In view of this, surface geochemical survey for adsorbed soil gas and microbial analysis was conducted in Jamnagar sub-basin, total 150 near surface soil samples were collected for the evaluation of hydrocarbon resource potential of the Basin. Microbial analysis revealed high bacteria counts for methane (1.32×106 cfu/gm), ethane (8.50× 105 cfu/gm), propane (6.86×105 cfu/gm) and butane oxidizing bacteria (5.70×105 cfu/gm) in soil samples of Jamnagar sub-basin. The bacterial concentration distribution maps show three distinct anomalies in the study area, indicating hydrocarbon microseepage at these places. The geochemical investigations in soil samples showed the presence of high adsorbed hydrocarbon gases concentration of methane (C1) 1 to 518 ppb and Ethane plus hydrocarbons (C2+) 1 to 977 ppb respectively. Further, carrying out integrated geo-microbial and geo-chemical studies with adsorbed soil gas showed the anomalous hydrocarbon zones nearby Khandera, Haripur, and Laloi areas which could probably aid to assess the true potential of the Basin. On the basis of microbial prospecting and adsorbed soil gas studies Jamnagar sub-basin study area appears to be a warm zone for hydrocarbon prospects and needs detailed investigation with other geo-scientific methods. Integrated geophysical studies have shown that Jamnagar sub-basin of Saurashtra has significant sediment thickness below the Deccan Traps and can be considered for future hydrocarbon exploration. The corroboration of adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria suggests its efficacy as one of the potential tool in surface geochemical exploration of hydrocarbons.

Slide Session : OS-END-17 ; Endocrinology : Metabolic Syndrome Among Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients in Hadhramout

( Rasheed Mohammed Bamekhlah ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors: diabetes, hyperlipidemia and high blood pressure. People with MetS are twice as likely to die from and three times as likely to have a heart attack or stroke compared with people without. Our objective was to observe the frequency of MetS in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and with hypertension. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at lbnseena Hospital, Mukalla, Hadhramout, Republic of Yemen from 04/2012 to 02/2013. Two hundreds of type 2 DM and 200 hypertensive cases were included; MetS was estimated according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Results: diabetic patients, 92 were males and 108 females, hypertensive patients 109 were males and 91 females. In diabetics, 130 (65%) had MetS (58.2±10.4years), 57 were males and 73 females. In hypertensive cases, 109 (54.5%) had MetS (57.9±9.2 years), 56 were males and 57 females. Waist circumference was 98.7±6.7 cm in diabetics and 98.7±6.7 cm in hypertensive. In MetS Triglycerides was 152±13.4mg/ dl in diabetics and 154±13.2mg/dl in hypertensive and both were significantly higher in MetS patients. Serum HDL-C was significantly lower in MetS cases, 40.3±8.5mg/ dl in diabetics and 40.9±8.4mg/dl in hypertensive. Increased waist circumference was present in all MetS cases, hypertension in 81.5% in diabetics and DM in 92.7% of hypertensive. Low HDL-C in 62.3% of diabetics and 66.1% of hypertensive, high triglycerides in 57.7% of diabetics and 54.1% of hypertensive. 24.6% of diabetics and 11% of hypertensive were having three criteria, 48.5% of diabetics and 58.7 of hypertensive with four, and 26.9% of diabetics and 30.3% of hypertensive with all criteria.. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome is common among type 2 diabetic and hypertensive patients in our province; Hadhramout. Most patients were having more than three IDF criteria.

Poster Session : PS 0131 ; Neurology : Age, Sex and Stroke Type Differences in Stroke Patients at Mukalla, Hadhramout: Analysis of 1072 Cases

( Rasheed Mohammed Bamekhlah ),( Nabeel Musian ),( Hussain Alghazali ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Stroke is the third leading cause of death, and a cause of long-term disability among survivors. Our aim was to identify age, sex and stroke type differences in stroke patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study of stroke patients admitted at Ibnseena Hospital, Hadhramout, Yemen in (2009- 2011). Results: stroke cases were 1072 (66.1±14.6) years; ischemic 78.5% and hemorrhagic 21.5%. Males 56.5% and females 43.5%. Patients >60 years 72%, in middle-aged 25.5%, while young <40 years 2.5%. Hypertension in 63.7% and 53.2% of middle- aged & elderly, and in 29.6% of young. Diabetes in 36.3% and 39.5% of middle- aged and old, while in 7.4% of young. Elderly had =2 risk factors (89.9%), 68.9% of middle-aged and 55.6% of the young. Ischemic type increased with age, while hemorrhagic was more in young. Coma was more in the young (29.6%), than in middle- aged (18.3%) and old (19.6%). Nonsignifi cant difference in hypertension, diabetes, previous attack and family history between males & females, Smoking had signifi cant difference between males & females, 94.2% of males had =2 risk factors and females (70%). Ischemic type in 76.2% of males and 81.3% of females while the hemorrhagic in 32.8% and 18.7%. Hypertension in hemorrhagic was signifi cantly higher (81.4%) than in ischemic (48.2%), nonsignifi cant difference between diabetes in ischemic and hemorrhagic. Previous attack was signifi cantly higher in hemorrhagic than ischemic. Sudden onset was signifi cantly higher in hemorrhagic (98.7%) than ischemic (83.2%), coma was higher in hemorrhagic (38.1%) than in ischemic (14.4%) Conclusions: Stroke increased with age. Ischemic type was more in old and hemorrhagic in young patients. Males were more affected. No sex differences with risk factors. Hemorrhagic stroke was more related to hypertension, previous attacks, sudden onset and coma.

The microbial activity in development of hydrocarbon microseepage: an indicator for oil and gas exploration

Mohammed A. Rasheed,M. Lakshmi,M.S. Kalpana,A.M. Dayal,D.J. Patil 한국지질과학협의회 2013 Geosciences Journal Vol.17 No.3

Geomicrobial prospecting for hydrocarbons is an exploration method based on the seepage of lighter hydrocarbons from oil/gas reservoirs to the surface and their utilization by hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria. These bacteria utilize the hydrocarbons as their sole source of food and are found to be enriched in the near surface soils/sediments above the oil and gas reservoirs. The detection of anomalous populations of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria in the surface soils can help to evaluate the prospects for hydrocarbon exploration. Geomicrobial prospecting studies have been carried out to test the efficacy of surface geochemical methods as regional evaluation tools in the petroliferous region of Mehsana Block, North Cambay Basin, Gujarat and to investigate whether the geomicrobial anomalies can establish an upward migration of hydrocarbons from the deep subsurface. In the present study, bacterial counts for n-pentane utilizing bacteria range between 1.0×102 and 9.80×105 cfu/g and and n-hexane utilizing bacteria range between 1.0×102 and 9.20×105 cfu/g. The bacterial concentration distribution maps show four distinct anomalies in the study area. The possibility of discovering oil or gas reservoirs using the microbiological method is emphasized by the fact that the hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria range between 103 and 106 cfu/g in soil/sediment receiving hydrocarbon microseepages. In the present study area of the Mehsana Block of Cambay Basin, n-pentane and n-hexane utilizing bacteria show 105 cfu/g of soil sample, which is significant and thereby substantiates the seepage of lighter hydrocarbons from oil and gas reservoirs. Geomicrobial prospecting method has shown good correlation with existing oil/ gas fields of Mehsana, Gujarat.

TLC, HPTLC FINGERPRINTING AND ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY EVALUATION OF HABB-E-AZARAQI: A NUX-VOMICA-BASED TRADITIONAL UNANI FORMULATION

Shabnam Anjum Ara,Uzma Viquar,Mohammed Zakir,Gulam Mohammed Husain,Mohammed Abdul Rasheed Naikodi,Mohd Urooj,Munawwar Husain Kazmi 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.3

Background and Objective: Nux-vomica based traditional Unani formulation, Habb-e-Azaraqi (HAZ) is an important drug used by Unani physicians since several decades. It possesses Muqawwi-i-A’sab (nervine tonic), Muharrik-i-A’sab (nervine stimulant) properties and is an effective treatment option for diseases like Laqwa (facial palsy), Falij (paralysis), Niqris (gout) and Waja’al-Mafasil (arthritis) etc. The aim of the study is to access and provide information of HAZ for its TLC, HPTLC Fingerprinting defining its clear qualitative perspective and acute oral toxicity evaluation for its safety assessment which was not done earlier, thus contributing in the field of research. Materials and Methods: The chief ingredient, nux-vomica was detoxified as per method mentioned in Unani Pharmacopeia before its use in formulation. TLC and HPTLC was developed under four detection system i.e., UV 366nm, UV 254nm, exposure to iodine vapours and after derivatization with anisaldehyde sulphuric acid. Acute toxicity studies were performed as per OECD Guidelines 425 at a limit dose of 2000 mg/kg. Observations were done for signs of toxicity, body weight, and feed consumption at regular intervals followed by haematological and biochemistry evaluation. Results: The generated data proved the authenticity and established the TLC and HPTLC profile of the formulation. Acute toxicity revealed no significant differences in HAZ-treated animals with respect to body weight gain, feed consumption, haematology, clinical biochemistry evaluation. No significant gross pathological observation was noticed in necropsy. Conclusion: Data of the present study is substantial and scientific proof of HAZ in terms of standardization and toxicity study that can be utilize in future research activities.

Enhancing Optical Properties of Modified PVC and Cr2O3 Nanocomposite

Rasheed N. Abed,Mohammed Kadhom,D. S. Ahmed,A. Hadawey,Emad Yousif 한국전기전자재료학회 2021 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.22 No.3

In this work, a novel grafting of chromium (III) oxide Cr 2 O 3 nanoparticles (NPs) within polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was conducted to obtain high conductivity and stability toward the light absorption for the polymer. The optical properties of pure and doped PVC thin films were investigated with different content to embed chromium (III) oxide. The measurements of spectrophotometer reflectance in the wavelengths range of 250–1300 nm and UV–Visible in the wavelengths range of 200–800 nm were reported. Adding 0.05 g of Cr 2 O 3 NPs leaded to improve all the optical properties of PVC–Cr 2 O 3 fi lms. The optical features calculations were determined, namely absorbance, refl ectance, transmittance, extinction coefficient, refractive index, optical density, real and imaginary of dielectric constant, direct and indirect energy gaps, Urbach energy, and optical conductivity. Two Schiff bases were synthesized and used for doping, identified as a, and b. The energy gaps of modifi ed PVC fi lms were calculated and found to decrease from 5.5 eV of pure PVC to 2.4 and 3.2 eV for a and b samples, respectively, in the direct allowed transition. In the indirect allowed transition, lower values were obtained, where the pure PVC gab was 4.2 eV and decreased to 1.75 and 3.3 eV for a and b, respectively. The Urbach band tail was also computed for thin films and concluded in a table. For our best knowledge, doping Cr 2 O 3 NPs in the PVC is firstly reported here, which aimed to reinforced the polymer and reduced its energy gap. The results detected that the photostability of doped PVC is better than the pure PVC.

Use of the Anterolateral Thigh and Vertical Rectus Abdominis Musculocutaneous Flaps as Utility Flaps in Reconstructing Large Groin Defects

Aslim, Edwin Jonathan,Rasheed, Mohamed Zulfikar,Lin, Fangbo,Ong, Yee-Siang,Tan, Bien-Keem Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2014 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.41 No.5

Background Groin dissections result in large wounds with exposed femoral vessels requiring soft tissue coverage, and the reconstructive options are diverse. In this study we reviewed our experience with the use of the pedicled anterolateral thigh and vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps in the reconstruction of large groin wounds. Methods Groin reconstructions performed over a period of 10 years were evaluated, with a mean follow up of two years. We included all cases with large or complex (involving perineum) defects, which were reconstructed with the pedicled anterolateral thigh musculocutaneous or the vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (VRAM) flaps. Smaller wounds which were covered with skin grafts, locally based flaps and pedicled muscle flaps were excluded. Results Twenty-three reconstructions were performed for large or complex groin defects, utilising the anterolateral thigh (n=10) and the vertical rectus abdominis (n=13) pedicled musculocutaneous flaps. Femoral vein reconstruction with a prosthetic graft was required in one patient, and a combination flap (VRAM and gracilis muscle flap) was performed in another. Satisfactory coverage was achieved in all cases without major complications. No free flaps were used in our series. Conclusions The anterolateral thigh and vertical rectus abdominis pedicled musculocutaneous flaps yielded consistent results with little morbidity in the reconstruction of large and complex groin defects. A combination of flaps can be used in cases requiring extensive cover.

Use of the Anterolateral Thigh and Vertical Rectus Abdominis Musculocutaneous Flaps as Utility Flaps in Reconstructing Large Groin Defects

Edwin Jonathan Aslim,Mohamed Zulfikar Rasheed,Fangbo Lin,Yee-Siang Ong,Bien-Keem Tan 대한성형외과학회 2014 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.41 No.5

Background: Groin dissections result in large wounds with exposed femoral vessels requiringsoft tissue coverage, and the reconstructive options are diverse. In this study we reviewed ourexperience with the use of the pedicled anterolateral thigh and vertical rectus abdominismusculocutaneous flaps in the reconstruction of large groin wounds. Methods: Groin reconstructions performed over a period of 10 years were evaluated, with amean follow up of two years. We included all cases with large or complex (involving perineum)defects, which were reconstructed with the pedicled anterolateral thigh musculocutaneous orthe vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (VRAM) flaps. Smaller wounds which werecovered with skin grafts, locally based flaps and pedicled muscle flaps were excluded. Results: Twenty-three reconstructions were performed for large or complex groin defects,utilising the anterolateral thigh (n=10) and the vertical rectus abdominis (n=13) pedicledmusculocutaneous flaps. Femoral vein reconstruction with a prosthetic graft was required inone patient, and a combination flap (VRAM and gracilis muscle flap) was performed inanother. Satisfactory coverage was achieved in all cases without major complications. No freeflaps were used in our series. Conclusions: The anterolateral thigh and vertical rectus abdominis pedicled musculocutaneousflaps yielded consistent results with little morbidity in the reconstruction of large and complexgroin defects. A combination of flaps can be used in cases requiring extensive cover.

Development of HPTLC Fingerprinting and Phytochemical Study of a Polyherbal Unani Formulation

Alam, Abrar,Siddiqui, Javed Inam,Naikodi, Mohammed Abdul Rasheed,Kazmi, Munawwar Husain Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2020 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.10 No.1

Plants produce a wide range of active principles, making them a rich source of different types of medicines. Without any knowledge of the phytoconstituents or active principles the medicinal plants itself or in the form of polyherbal formulations, were used by all society of human being from ancient times for prevention and cure of disease, but most of the traditional formulations including the formulation of Ayurveda and Unani have not been scientifically validated in order to establish the pharmacopoeial standards to improve the efficacy. Globally, the people become conscious that uses of synthetic drugs for a long period is not safe; the trend of medical society at large is looking at alternatives from natural, safe sources to combat diseases. Due to this comprehension, it has been increased the demand for plant-derived medicine, and on the other side, it is extremely important to standardize the polyherbal formulations and validate them scientifically to improve their safety and efficacy. The polyherbal Unani formulation Safuf-e-Muallif is widely used and recommended in Unani system of medicine (USM) as a spermatogenic agent, semen thickening agent, etc. to treat sexual disorders viz. premature ejaculation, nocturnal emission, etc. The study mainly deals with phytochemical screening for the detection of nature of phytoconstituents and analytical technique like High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) for developing fingerprint of Safuf-e-Muallif revealing specific identities of the drug. The phytochemical screening and HPTLC fingerprint profile for SM reported here may be used as a reference standard for quality control purpose in future.

Envisaging Macroeconomics Antecedent Effect on Stock Market Return in India

Sivarethinamohan R,Zeravan Abdulmuhsen ASAAD,Bayar Mohamed Rasheed MARANE,Sujatha S 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.8

Investors have increasingly become interested in macroeconomic antecedents in order to better understand the investment environment and estimate the scope of profitable investment in equity markets. This study endeavors to examine the interdependency between the macroeconomic antecedents (international oil price (COP), Domestic gold price (GP), Rupee-dollar exchange rates (ER), Real interest rates (RIR), consumer price indices (CPI)), and the BSE Sensex and Nifty 50 index return. The data is converted into a natural logarithm for keeping it normal as well as for reducing the problem of heteroscedasticity. Monthly time series data from January 1992 to July 2019 is extracted from the Reserve Bank of India database with the application of financial Econometrics. Breusch–Godfrey serial correlation LM test for removal of autocorrelation, Breusch–Pagan-Godfrey test for removal of heteroscedasticity, Cointegration test and VECM test for testing cointegration between macroeconomic factors and market returns,] are employed to fit regression model. The Indian market returns are stable and positive but show intense volatility. When the series is stationary after the first difference, heteroskedasticity and serial correlation are not present. Different forecast accuracy measures point out macroeconomics can forecast future market returns of the Indian stock market. The step-by-step econometric tests show the long-run affiliation among macroeconomic antecedents.