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Julius Moratin,Moritz Berger,Thomas Rückschloss,Karl Metzger,Hannah Berger,Maximilian Gottsauner,Michael Engel,Jürgen Hoffmann,Christian Freudlsperger,Oliver Ristow 대한영상치의학회 2020 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.50 No.3
Purpose: Image artifacts caused by patient motion cause problems in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) because they lead to distortion of the 3-dimensional reconstruction. This prospective study was performed to quantify patient movement during CBCT acquisition and its influence on image quality. Materials and Methods: In total, 412 patients receiving CBCT imaging were equipped with a wireless head sensor system that detected inertial, gyroscopic, and magnetometric movements with 6 dimensions of freedom. The type and amplitude of movements during CBCT acquisition were evaluated and image quality was rated in 7 different anatomical regions of interest. For continuous variables, significance was calculated using the Student t-test. A linear regression model was applied to identify associations of the type and extent of motion with image quality scores. Kappa statistics were used to assess intra- and inter-rater agreement. Chi-square testing was used to analyze the impact of age and sex on head movement. Results: All CBCT images were acquired in a 10-month period. In 24% of the investigations, movement was recorded (acceleration: >0.10 [m/s2]; angular velocity: >0.018 [°/s]). In all examined regions of interest, head motion during CBCT acquisition resulted in significant impairment of image quality (P<0.001). Movement in the horizontal and vertical axes was most relevant for image quality (R2>0.7). Conclusion: Relevant head motions during CBCT imaging were frequently detected, leading to image quality loss and potentially impairing diagnosis and therapy planning. The presented data illustrate the need for digital correction algorithms and hardware to minimize motion artefacts in CBCT imaging
Oliver Ristow,Lena Hü,rtgen,Julius Moratin,Maximilian Smielowski,Christian Freudlsperger,Michael Engel,Jü,rgen Hoffmann,Thomas Rü,ckschloß 대한구강악안면외과학회 2021 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.47 No.2
Objectives: It is unclear whether the extent of intraoral mucosa defects in patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw indicates disease severity. Therefore, this study investigated whether mucosal lesions correlate with the true extent of osseous defects in stage I patients. Materials and Methods: Retrospectively, all patients with stage I medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw who underwent surgical treatment between April 2018 and April 2019 were enrolled. Preoperatively, the extent of their mucosal lesions was measured in clinical evaluations, and patients were assigned to either the visible or the probeable bone group. Intraoperatively, the extent of necrosis was measured manually and with fluorescence. Results: Fifty-five patients (36 female, 19 male) with 86 lesions (46 visible bone, 40 probeable bone) were enrolled. Intraoperatively, the necrotic lesions were significantly larger (P<0.001) than the preoperative mucosal lesions in both groups. A significant (P<0.05) but very weak (R2<0.2) relationship was noted between the extent of the mucosal lesions and the necrotic bone area. Conclusion: Preoperative mucosal defects (visible or probeable) in patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw do not indicate the extent of bone necrosis or disease severity.
Evidence for wavelike energy transfer through quantum coherence in photosynthetic systems
Engel, Gregory S.,Calhoun, Tessa R.,Read, Elizabeth L.,Ahn, Tae-Kyu,Manč,al, Tomá,š,Cheng, Yuan-Chung,Blankenship, Robert E.,Fleming, Graham R. Nature Publishing Group 2007 Nature Vol.446 No.7137
Photosynthetic complexes are exquisitely tuned to capture solar light efficiently, and then transmit the excitation energy to reaction centres, where long term energy storage is initiated. The energy transfer mechanism is often described by semiclassical models that invoke ‘hopping’ of excited-state populations along discrete energy levels. Two-dimensional Fourier transform electronic spectroscopy has mapped these energy levels and their coupling in the Fenna–Matthews–Olson (FMO) bacteriochlorophyll complex, which is found in green sulphur bacteria and acts as an energy ‘wire’ connecting a large peripheral light-harvesting antenna, the chlorosome, to the reaction centre. The spectroscopic data clearly document the dependence of the dominant energy transport pathways on the spatial properties of the excited-state wavefunctions of the whole bacteriochlorophyll complex. But the intricate dynamics of quantum coherence, which has no classical analogue, was largely neglected in the analyses—even though electronic energy transfer involving oscillatory populations of donors and acceptors was first discussed more than 70 years ago, and electronic quantum beats arising from quantum coherence in photosynthetic complexes have been predicted and indirectly observed. Here we extend previous two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy investigations of the FMO bacteriochlorophyll complex, and obtain direct evidence for remarkably long-lived electronic quantum coherence playing an important part in energy transfer processes within this system. The quantum coherence manifests itself in characteristic, directly observable quantum beating signals among the excitons within the Chlorobium tepidum FMO complex at 77 K. This wavelike characteristic of the energy transfer within the photosynthetic complex can explain its extreme efficiency, in that it allows the complexes to sample vast areas of phase space to find the most efficient path.
Choi J. D.,Engel B. A.,Tolbert V. R.,Bock B. R.,Thornton F. C.,Pettry D.,Schoenholts S. Korean National Committee on Irrigation and Draina 1999 한국관개배수논문집 Vol.6 No.1
화석연료의 고갈에 대비한 대체에너지 개발의 일환으로 미국의 에너지성과 TVA는 속성수인 Cottonwood를 재배하여 에너지화 하는 연구를 하고 있다. 미시시피주 Stoneville에 0.365ha 크기의 시험포 6개를 설치하고 Cottonwood와 Cotton을 재배하며 환경영향을 평가하기 위하여 유출량, 부유물질(TSS), 질산성 질소($NO_3-N$, 총인(T-P) 등의 수질인자를 모니터링하고 있다. 본 연구는 EPIC 모델이
Choi, J. D.,Engel, B. A.,Tolbert, V. R.,Bock, B. R.,Thornton, F. C.,Pettry, D.,Schoenholts, S. 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1999 環境硏究 Vol.16 No.-
화석연료의 고갈에 대비한 대체에너지 개발의 일환으로 미국의 에너지성과 TVA는 속성수인 Cottonwood를 재배하여 에너지화 하는 연구를 하고 있다. 미시시피주 Stoneville에 0.365㏊ 크기의 시험포 6개를 설치하고 Cottonwood와 Cotton을 재배하며 환경영향을 평가하기 위하여 유출량, 부유물질(TSS), 질산성 질소(NO₃-N), 총인(T-P) 등의 수질인자를 모니터링하고 있다. 본 연구는 EPIC 모델이 이들 수질인자들을 예측할 수 있는지를 평가하고 Cottonwood의 재배가 유출수의 수질에 미치는 장기적인 영향을 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. EPIC 모델의 유출량 예측치는 실측치와 비교적 잘 일치하였으며, Cottonwood 시험포의 유출량은 장기적으로 Cotton 시험포의 유출량에 비하여 37% 작게 유출되는 것으로 나타났다. TSS의 예측은 재배 초기에는 잘 맞지 않았으나 Cottonwood가 성장하면서 실측치와 예측치는 비교적 잘 일치하는 것으로 나타났다. 질산성 질소와 총인의 예측치는 실측치와 잘 일치하지 않아 EPIC을 이용한 이들의 장기적인 영향의 예측에는 세심한 주의가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. EPIC 모델은 Cottonwood 시험포의 유출량과 TSS를 비교적 잘 예측하여 Cottonwood 재배가 장기적인 강우 및 TSS 유출에 미치는 영향을 평가할 수 있는 도구로 사용될 수 있다고 판단되었다.
Geometrical Optimization Approach to Isomerization: Models and Limitations
Chang, Bo Y.,Shin, Seokmin,Engel, Volker,Sola, Ignacio R. American Chemical Society [etc.] 2017 The Journal of physical chemistry A Vol.121 No.43
<P>We study laser-driven isomerization reactions through an excited electronic state using the recently developed Geometrical Optimization procedure. Our goal is to analyze whether an initial wave packet in the ground state, with optimized amplitudes and phases, can be used to enhance the yield of the reaction at faster rates, driven by a single picosecond pulse or a pair of femtosecond pulses resonant with the electronic transition. We show that the symmetry of the system imposes limitations in the optimization procedure, such that the method rediscovers the pump-dump mechanism.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpcafh/2017/jpcafh.2017.121.issue-43/acs.jpca.7b08767/production/images/medium/jp-2017-08767m_0004.gif'></P>