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Socio-Demographic Risks and Challenges of Bare-Branch Villages in China
Quanbao Jiang,Jes us J. S anchez-Barricarte 한국사회복지학회 2013 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.7 No.2
China’s bare branches, the Chinese name for surplus men, have attracted much attention, yet fewstudies have focused on the increasing phenomenon of bare-branch villages. In this literaturereview, the formation of bare-branch villages, the impact of such villages on individual barebranches and their families, and potential threats to villages and families are analyzed. It was foundthat the sex ratio and female marriage migration to prosperous areas are the two main determinantsof the formation of bare-branch villages. Individual bare branches in such villages areaffected both physically and psychologically and are isolated in social activities. Their families andvillages suffer in many ways. Bare branches may accelerate the spread of sexually transmitted diseasesand increase the incidence of criminal behavior and violence. Even worse, because barebranches in a village share many bonds, they may take collective actions that can endanger China’ssocial stability.
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China’s Missing Girls in the Three Decades from 1980 to 2010
Quanbao Jiang,Shuzhuo Li,Marcus W. Feldman 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2012 Asian Women Vol.28 No.3
The strictly implemented fertility policy that has been in force in China since 1980 has led to a continuously increasing sex ratio at birth and in turn to a large number of missing girls. Based on China’s four recent censuses, we find that the number of missing girls accounted for 2.93 percent of all girls expected to have been born during 1980 to 1989, 9.31 percent during 1990 to 1999, and 10.85 percent during 2000 to 2010. The 1980?2010 birth cohorts have 20 million missing girls, namely 7.34 percent. For cohorts born from 1980 to 2010, males outnumber females by 36 million at the census times, 20 million as a result of the phenomenon of missing girls, while the remaining 16 million is biologically determined, as there are about 5 percent more male births under normal sex ratio at birth. We discuss possible adjustment of the fertility policy in China and measures that might lead to a more normal sex ratio at birth.
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Quanbao Jiang,Jesus J,Sanchez-Barricarte 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2011 Asian Women Vol.27 No.3
Based on existing data and prior research, this paper reviews studies of and investigations into the trafficking of women in China. First, the “industrial chain” of human trafficking is analyzed. Second, the analysis indicates that the “buyers market” exhibits a strong demand for trafficking in women. The scale of trafficking is escalating: originally the crime was mainly committed in a few provinces, but has now spread to nearly every province in China. Furthermore, human trafficking groups are now displaying the characteristics of collectivization and specialization. Although the Chinese government has launched a series of rescue actions, the effort has run into tremendous difficulties due to dilemmas encountered by buyers, local citizens, grass-roots organizations and the trafficked women themselves. To completely eradicate trafficking in women, the Chinese government has to make long-term efforts to crack down on the buyers market and to redress the sex imbalance.
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School Consolidation: Whither China’s Rural Education?
Hong Mei,Quanbao Jiang,Yuanyuan Xiang,Xiaoping Song 한국사회복지학회 2015 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.9 No.2
The School Consolidation Policy in the 1990s significantly impacted Chinese rural compulsory education and Chinese rural communities. Although this policy has been involved in many negative news reports, there is a lack of scientific research on it. To address the research gap, this paper first delineates the evolution of this policy, which was formed to balance the disparity between urban and rural education, accelerated by rural financial reformation and aborted due to various emerging problems. It then discusses the educational problems caused by the policy including misallocated resources, poor quality, rising costs, student safety issues, high dropout rate, and lost rural culture heritage. Through the analyses, this paper provides a clear picture of the development of Chinese rural education, and offers implications for improving educational policy, promoting educational quality, and securing educational rights of students in rural China.
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A new device for restraining rail vibration of ballastless track and its effect study
Zhenxing He,Xu Zhang,Xiaotao Wang,Hualong Zhou,Quanbao Feng,Qingchao Chen,Junxia Chen,Yanbo Bai,Runxi Zhang,Nengneng Bao 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.8
A new type of rail vibration damping device (NTRVDV), which is arranged between the bottom of the rail and track bed, is proposed in this paper. The finite element model of the rail system with the NTRVDV and tuned rail damper (TRD) was established, respectively. The impact load was applied to the finite element model, and comparison of the set of existing TRD and NTRVDV on the dynamic response of rail and rail vibration decay rate. The effect of the stiffness change of the elastic layer of the NTRVDV on the rail vibration was studied, and a hammering test verified the theoretical research results. The research results show that compared with the traditional TRD, the NTRVDV has a more obvious suppression effect on rail vibration acceleration. The rail vibration decay rate is significantly improved, especially in the low-frequency stage. With the increase of the stiffness of the elastic layer of the vibration suppression device, the vibration suppression effect of the NTRVDV on the rail is improved. The change of the elastic layer stiffness significantly impacts the rail’s vibration suppression effect in the range of 0-7 kN/mm.
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