A chloroplast variation map generated using whole genome re-sequencing of Korean landrace rice reveals phylogenetic relationships among Oryza sativa subspecies

Wei Tong,Qiang He,Xiao-Qiang Wang,Min-Young Yoon,Won-Hee Ra,Feng Peng Li,Jie Yu,Win Htet Oo,Sun-Kyung Min,Buung Choi,Eun-Beom Heo,Byoung-Kook Yun,Kyu-Won Kim,Tae-Sung Kim,Chang-Yong Lee,Yong-Jin Park 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

Although the overall structure of the chloroplast genome is generally conserved, a number of sequence variations have been identified, which are valuable for plant population and evolutionary studies. Here, we constructed a chloroplast variation map of 30 landrace rice strains of Korean origin, using the Oryza rufipogon chloroplast genome (Genbank: NC_017835) as a reference. Differential distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indels across the rice chloroplast genome is suggestive of a region-specific variation. Population structure clustering revealed the existence of two clear subgroups (indica and japonica) and an admixture group (aus). Phylogenetic analysis of the 30 landrace rice strains and six rice chloroplast references suggested and supported independent evolution of O. sativa indica and japonica. Interestingly, two “aus” type accessions, which were thought to be indica type, shared a closer relationship with the japonica type. One hypothesis is that “Korean aus” was intentionally introduced and may have obtained japonica chloroplasts during cultivation. We also calculated the nucleotide diversity of 30 accessions and compared to six rice chloroplast references, which shown a higher diversity in the indica and aus groups than in the japonica group in lower level substitution diversity.

Association study of vitamin E content in rice using whole genome re-sequencing

Xiao-Qiang Wang,Qiang He,Wei Tong,Byung-Kook Yun,Young-Sang Lee,Tae-Sung Kim,Chang-Yong Lee,Yong-Jin Park 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Rice is the major food for half of the world population. The nutrition component in rice is critical for improvement of people’s health. Vitamin E serves as important antioxidant by quenching the free radical intermediates and thus protects the cell membrane. Because of the high nutritional value and the benefits of vitamin E in human health, increasing the tocochromanol content of major agricultural crops has long been in the focus of breeding programs and genetic engineering approaches. The key genes involved in tocopherol biosynthesis have been elucidated in Arabidopsis and other model organisms. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) study performed in Arabidopsis suggested that some of these key genes and a few additional loci contribute to natural tocopherol variations. Identifying such genetic variations in rice, enrich our understanding of the genetic mechanisms controlling tocopherol variation, which can be directly applied to rice breeding programs. In this study, we used genome-wide association mapping with high-resolution density SNPs of rice core set to identify natural allelic variations, which contribute to tocopherol increase in rice

Resequencing 295 accessions of heuristic and Korean breeding rice deciphers the milestones for breeding and domestication history of Korean rice

Qiang He,Byung-Kook Yun,Min-Young Yoon,Xiao-Qiang Wang,Feng-Peng Li,Aye-Aye Khaing,Won-Hee Ra,Win Htet Oo,Cheol-Soon Park,Sun-Kyung Min,Wei Tong,Jie Yu,Bu-Woong Choi,Eun-Beom Heo,Khandakar Md.Rayhanul 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

As one of the most important crop, rice is not only a staple food of half world’s population but a wonderful model plant, which has been leading the evolution and functional genomics study. The next-generation sequencing technology are expediting rice genomic study, by providing a simple but powerful way. In this study, we re-sequenced a core collection of 137 rice accessions from all over the world along with 158 Korean breeding varieties. Finally, 6.3G uniquely mapped reads were obtained, and about 10 million SNPs and ~1.2 million InDels were identified with average sequencing depth of 7.5X. These will help us to maximize our germplasm utilization and assists all the deep research in population dynamics and functional studies. Here, we’d like to show the approaches applied to resequencing data mining and on-going activities.

Power Cable Ampacity and Influential Factors Analysis under Operation

Tong, Qiang,Qi, Jianping,Wang, Yanling,Liang, Likai,Meng, Xiangxing,Zhang, Qiang Korea Information Processing Society 2018 Journal of information processing systems Vol.14 No.5

With the increasing of urban electricity demand, making the most use of the power cable carrying capacity has become an important task in power grid system. Contrary to the rated ampacity obtained under extremely conservative conditions, this paper presents the various steady value of cable ampacity by using the changing surrounding parameters under operation, which is based on cable ampacity calculation equation under the IEC-60287 standard. To some degree, the cable ampacity analysis of actual surroundings improves the transmission capacity of cables. This paper reveals the factors that influence cable ampacity such as insulating layer thickness, allowable long-term conductor temperature, the ambient temperature, soil thermal resistance coefficient, and so on, then gives the class of the influence of these parameters on the ampacity, which plays a great role in accurately calculating the real-time ampacity and improving the utilization rate of cable in the complex external environment condition. Furthermore, the transient thermal rating of the cable is analyzed in this paper, and temperature variation of the conductor under different overload conditions is discussed, which provides effective information for the operation and control of the system.

Power Cable Ampacity and Influential Factors Analysis under Operation

( Qiang Tong ),( Jianping Qi ),( Yanling Wang ),( Likai Liang ),( Xiangxing Meng ),( Qiang Zhang ) 한국정보처리학회 2018 Journal of information processing systems Vol.14 No.5

With the increasing of urban electricity demand, making the most use of the power cable carrying capacity has become an important task in power grid system. Contrary to the rated ampacity obtained under extremely conservative conditions, this paper presents the various steady value of cable ampacity by using the changing surrounding parameters under operation, which is based on cable ampacity calculation equation under the IEC-60287 standard. To some degree, the cable ampacity analysis of actual surroundings improves the transmission capacity of cables. This paper reveals the factors that influence cable ampacity such as insulating layer thickness, allowable long-term conductor temperature, the ambient temperature, soil thermal resistance coefficient, and so on, then gives the class of the influence of these parameters on the ampacity, which plays a great role in accurately calculating the real-time ampacity and improving the utilization rate of cable in the complex external environment condition. Furthermore, the transient thermal rating of the cable is analyzed in this paper, and temperature variation of the conductor under different overload conditions is discussed, which provides effective information for the operation and control of the system.

Tracking Control for a Quadrotor via Dynamic Surface Control and Adaptive Dynamic Programming

Qiang Gao,Xin-Tong Wei,Da-Hua Li,Yue-Hui Ji,Chao Jia 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.1

In this paper, a data-driven control algorithm based on the Dynamic Surface Control and the ActionDependent Heuristic Dynamic Programming is proposed to realize the stable tracking control of the quadrotor. Firstly, the dynamic surface control is addressed for the nonlinear model of the quadrotor, which can overcome the “explosion of complexity” problem encountered in traditional back-stepping method inevitably. The controller designed by Dynamic Surface Control is served as the main controller in the total control structure. Secondly, the Action-Dependent Heuristic Dynamic Programming is investigated to construct a complementary attitude controller by involving the learning mechanism. The adoption of Action-Dependent Heuristic Dynamic Programming can provide the capability of adaptation and disturbance rejection to improve the tracking control performance effectively. The overall closed-loop system is proved to be asymptotically stable by the Lyapunov theorem. Finally, the numerical simulation and flight experiments are presented to demonstrate that the proposed tracking control scheme exhibits an excellent tracking performance in the case of external disturbances.

An SDN Based CBT for Distributed Shared Memory

Qiang Gao,Weiqin Tong,Samina Kausar,Shengan Zheng 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.1

It is a challenging task to provide an easy–to-use programming interface for distributed shared memory in parallel computing that demands high availability as well as effective synchronization. The current implementations typically use conventional Ethernet as communication medium using broadcast or multicast for synchronization mechanisms. In general, multicast is more efficient than broadcast, as it uses multicast tree to transfer data instead of multicast flooding. Multicast avoids redundant transmissions and lessens network contention. These properties make it significant for distributed shared memory. However, such solution has limited control on response time and process scheduling. This causes uncertainty of time spent in synchronization and interruption of unrelated processes in the same multicast group. In this research, we propose a dynamic SDN multicast mechanism to improve efficiency of synchronization for distributed shared memory by using an SDN-based multicast mechanism and a dynamic core based tree algorithm. The forwarding rule reduces the number of consistency-related messages without interfering the unrelated processes in the same multicast group. The dynamic core-based tree algorithm builds a multicast tree for every multicast group, hereby, SDN controller dynamically adjusts multicast tree according to joining or leaving of nodes. The experiments on the prototype system demonstrate that it could provide better performance compared to the conventional Ethernet based solution in terms of response time and process scheduling in the homogeneous testing environment.

A Study of the Dynamic Characteristics of Red Sandstone Residual Soils Based on SHPB Tests

Tong Wang,Zhanping Song,Jianyong Yang,Qiang Zhang,Yun Cheng 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.5

To explore the response characteristics of soil under dynamic loads, cyclic impact tests with varying axial compressions and impact velocities were conducted using SHPB tests. The test results were analyzed to study the mechanical properties and energy dissipation characteristics due to impact loads. In terms of mechanical properties, for the same impact times, the peak stress of the specimen with axial compression was found to be greater than that without axial compression, but the final strain was lower than that without axial compression, indicating that axial compression affects the peak stress and final strain of the specimen. The dynamic stress strengthening of the specimen under cyclic impact loads has also been analyzed. In terms of energy dissipation, the effects of axial compression, impact velocity, and impact times on the ratios of dissipated energy, reflected energy, and transmitted energy to incident energy were compared, and it was found that the ratio of the dissipated energy did not exceed 24% under any condition. In terms of damage evolution, the damage variable gradually decreases with an increase in impact times. A critical value of the damage variable was determined, above which the transmittance continued to decrease, the reflectivity gradually increased, and the dissipation rate remained stable.

Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference targeting E2F-1 inhibits human gastric cancer MGC-803 cell growth in vivo

Xiao-Tong Wang,Qiang Xiao,Yu-Bo Xie 생화학분자생물학회 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.11

The E2F-1 transcription factor is post-translationally modified and stabilized in response to various forms of DNA damage to regulate the expression of cell-cycle and pro-apoptotic genes. The sustained overexpression of E2F-1 is a characteristic feature of gastric cancer. In this study, we investigated the role of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting E2F-1 gene on human gastric cancer MGC-803 cell growth in vivo, and preliminarily revealed the mechanism. Thus, we constructed recombinant pGCSIL-GFP-shRNA-E2F-1 lentiviral vector to knock down E2F-1 expression in human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells in vivo, and studied the effect of E2F-1 shRNA on growth of MGC-803 tumor and evaluated its treatment efficacy. Our data demonstrated that in a mouse model of established gastric cancer, intratumor injection of lentiviral shRNA targeting E2F-1 definitely decreased the endogenous E2F-1mRNA and protein expression in MGC-803 tumor, and inhibited tumor growth and promoted tumor cells apoptosis. Moreover, we found that E2F-1 shRNA increased the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), activated caspase-3 and caspase-9,and suppressed nuclear factor (NF)-κB expression in tumor tissue as determined by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and western blotting. In summary, shRNA targeting of E2F-1 can effectively inhibits human gastric cancer MGC-803 cell growth in vivo and may be a potential therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer.

Labdane-type Diterpenoids from the Fruits of Vitex rotundifolia

Xiao-Qiang Wang,Teng Zhang,Bin Zheng,Wei-Dong Xie,Tong Shen 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.2