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- 저자 : Q. L. Zhao (검색결과 38 건)
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Q.K. Sheng,Z.J. Yang,H.B. Zhao,X.L. Wang,J.F. Guo 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.8
The effects of daily dietary Bacillus subtilis (Bs), and adding L-tryptophan, fructan, or casein to fecal fermentation broths were investigated as means to reduce the production of noxious gas during manure fermentation caused by ammonia, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and 3-methylindole (skatole). Eighty swine (50.0±0.5 kg) were equally apportioned to an experimental group given Bs in daily feed, or a control group without Bs. After 6 weeks, fresh manure was collected from both groups for fermentation studies using a 3×3 orthogonal array, in which tryptophan, casein, and fructan were added at various concentrations. After fermentation, the ammonia, H2S, L-tryptophan, skatole, and microflora were measured. In both groups, L-tryptophan was the principle additive increasing skatole production, with significant correlation (r = 0.9992). L-tryptophan had no effect on the production of ammonia, H2S, or skatole in animals fed Bs. In both groups, fructan was the principle additive that reduced H2S production (r = 0.9981). Fructan and Bs significantly interacted in H2S production (p = 0.014). Casein was the principle additive affecting the concentration of ammonia, only in the control group. Casein and Bs significantly interacted in ammonia production (p = 0.039). The predominant bacteria were Bacillus spp. CWBI B1434 (26%) in the control group, and Streptococcus alactolyticus AF201899 (36%) in the experimental group. In summary, daily dietary Bs reduced ammonia production during fecal fermentation. Lessening L-tryptophan and increasing fructan in the fermentation broth reduced skatole and H2S.
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Sheng, Q.K.,Yang, Z.J.,Zhao, H.B.,Wang, X.L.,Guo, J.F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.8
The effects of daily dietary Bacillus subtilis (Bs), and adding L-tryptophan, fructan, or casein to fecal fermentation broths were investigated as means to reduce the production of noxious gas during manure fermentation caused by ammonia, hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$), and 3-methylindole (skatole). Eighty swine ($50.0{\pm}0.5kg$) were equally apportioned to an experimental group given Bs in daily feed, or a control group without Bs. After 6 weeks, fresh manure was collected from both groups for fermentation studies using a $3{\times}3$ orthogonal array, in which tryptophan, casein, and fructan were added at various concentrations. After fermentation, the ammonia, $H_2S$, L-tryptophan, skatole, and microflora were measured. In both groups, L-tryptophan was the principle additive increasing skatole production, with significant correlation (r = 0.9992). L-tryptophan had no effect on the production of ammonia, $H_2S$, or skatole in animals fed Bs. In both groups, fructan was the principle additive that reduced $H_2S$ production (r = 0.9981). Fructan and Bs significantly interacted in $H_2S$ production (p = 0.014). Casein was the principle additive affecting the concentration of ammonia, only in the control group. Casein and Bs significantly interacted in ammonia production (p = 0.039). The predominant bacteria were Bacillus spp. CWBI B1434 (26%) in the control group, and Streptococcus alactolyticus AF201899 (36%) in the experimental group. In summary, daily dietary Bs reduced ammonia production during fecal fermentation. Lessening L-tryptophan and increasing fructan in the fermentation broth reduced skatole and $H_2S$.
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Zhao, K.J.,Nagashima, Y.,Li, F.M.,Shi, Yuejiang,Diamond, P.H.,Dong, J.Q.,Itoh, K.,Itoh, S.-I.,Zhuang, G.,Liu, H.,Chen, Z.P.,Cheng, J.,Nie, L.,Ding, Y.H.,Hu, Q.M.,Chen, Z.Y.,Rao, B.,Cheng, Z.F.,Gao, L. IOP 2017 Nuclear fusion Vol.57 No.12
<P>The temporal-spatial structures of plasma flows and turbulence around tearing mode islands are presented. The experiments were performed using Langmuir probe arrays in the edge plasmas of J-TEXT tokamak. The correlation analyses clearly show that the flows have similar structures of <I>m</I>/<I>n</I> = 3/1 as the magnetic island does (<I>m</I> and <I>n</I> are the poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively). The sign of the potential fluctuations for the flows inverses and the powers significantly reduce at <I>q</I> = 3 surface. Approaching to the last closed flux surface for the magnetic islands, the radially elongated flow structure forms. The flows are concentrated near separatrix and show quadrupole structures. The turbulence is concentrated near X-point and partly trapped inside the magnetic islands.</P>
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L. B. Zhao,N. Lin,X. Q. Han,C. Ma,Z. Y. Wang,Y. H. He 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.8
The efects of tungsten carbide addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Ti(C,N)-based cermets prepared by the sinter-HIP method are investigated through scanning electron microscope, X-ray difraction,electron back scattered difraction, mechanical test and electrochemical method. The results show that the appropriate WCaddition has an important infuence on promoting the formation of core-rim microstructure of cermet, increasing the wettability of ceramic phase and binder phase, and improving the mechanical properties. Ti(C,N)-based cermet with 5 wt% WCaddition has the highest hardness of 92.4 HRA and excellent wear resistance. However, excessive WC addition causes theappearance of slight white core phase containing plenty of W and Ti element in microstructure, which increases the fracturetoughness, and reduces the hardness and wear resistance of cermet. Additionally, the electrochemical result shows that theaddition of 5 wt% WC in cermet has the optimal corrosion resistance in 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution.
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Sheng, Q.K.,Yang, L.Q.,Zhao, H.B.,Wang, X.L.,Wang, K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.9
This study investigated the effects of low levels of water-soluble pentosans (WSP), alkaline-extractable pentosans (AEP), and xylanase on the growth and organ development of broiler chicks. Three hundred and fifty 1-d-old female broiler chicks were randomly allocated into seven experimental groups of five pen replicates, with ten chicks per replicate. The control group consumed a corn-soybean meal-based diet. Six dietary treatment groups consumed the basal diet supplemented with one of the following: WSP at 50 mg/kg (WSP50) or 100 mg/kg (WSP100); AEP at 50 mg/kg (AEP50) or 100 mg/kg (AEP100); or xylanase at 3 mg/kg (Xase3) or 6 mg/kg (Xase6). Data including the body weight, digestive organ weights, gut length, rectal digesta viscosity, and gut microflora and pH were collected on d 5, 10, and 15. When compared to the control group, WSP50 promoted body weight gain and organ growth throughout the study, calculated as 3-d averages (p<0.05). WSP100 increased weight gain and enhanced organ development (proventriculus, gizzard, and gut) on d 10 (p<0.05), but the 3-d averages were not different from the control group except for the weight of gizzard. Both Xase3 and Xase6 increased the 3-d average weight gain and the growth of the gizzard (p<0.05). WSP50 increased the digesta viscosity compared to Xase3 on d 10 and 15 (p<0.05). WSP50, Xase3, and Xase6 increased the concentration of Lactobacillus in the rectum when compared to the control group (p<0.05), but only Xase3 lowered the digesta pH in the ileum and cecum on d 10 and 15. AEP had minimal influence on the growth and organ development of broilers. The results showed that low levels of WSP, AEP, and xylanase had different effects and underlying mechanisms on the growth and organ development of broiler chicks. WSP50 could increase the growth performance of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet.
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Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 Thin Films on MgO and Sapphire Substrates
X.J. Zhao,S.L. Yan,C. Zhang,E. Chen,L. Fang,L. Ji,Q.L. Xie,S. Li,T.G. Zhou,X. Zhang,X. Zuo,Y.G. Li 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.5I
High quality Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8(Tl-2212) films were grown on MgO and sapphire substrates with CeO2 buffer layers. The CeO2 buffer layers were prepared by using an in-situ process with RF magnetron sputtering. The Tl-2212 thin films were then fabricated in a two-step process: deposition of the Tl-containing precursor film and low-temperature post-thallination of the precursor film. The resulting Tl-2212 films showed an excellent biaxial texture. The superconducting transition temperatures, Tc’s, of the films on MgO and sapphire were 103.4 and 104.2 K, respectively. The critical current densities Jc at 77 K and zero magnetic field were as high as 2.37 × 106 A/cm2 for the film on MgO and 1.76 × 106 A/cm2 on sapphire. A surface resistance of 725 μ at 10 GHz and 77 K was obtained in the Tl-2212 film on CeO2 buffered sapphire.
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Improvement of lower hybrid current drive systems for high-power and long-pulse operation on EAST
Wang M.,Liu L.,Zhao L.M.,Li M.H.,Ma W.D.,Hu H.C.,Wu Z.G.,Feng J.Q.,Yang Y.,Zhu L.,Chen M.,Zhou T.A.,Jia H.,Zhang J.,Cao L.,Zhang L.,Liang R.R.,Ding B.J.,Zhang X.J.,Shan J.F.,Liu F.K.,Ekedahl A.,Gonich 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.11
Aiming at high-power and long-pulse operation up to 1000 s, some improvements have been made for both 2.45 GHz and 4.6 GHz lower hybrid (LH) systems during the recent 5 years. At first, the guard limiters of the LH antennas with graphite tiles were upgraded to tungsten, the most promising material for plasma facing components in nuclear fusion devices. These new guard limiters can operate at a peak power density of 12.9 MW/m2 . Strong hot spots were usually observed on the old graphite limiters when 4.6 GHz system operated with power >2.0 MW [B. N. Wan et al., Nucl. Fusion 57 (2017) 102019], leading to a reduction of the maximum power capability. With the new limiters, 4.6 GHz LH system, the main current drive (CD) and electron heating tool for EAST, can be operated with power >2.5 MW routinely. Long-pulse operation up to 100 s with 4.6 GHz LH power of 2.4 MW was achieved in 2021 and the maximal temperature on the guard limiters measured by an infrared (IR) camera was about 540 C, much below the permissible value of tungsten material (~1200 C). A discharge with a duration of 1056 s was achieved and the 4.6 GHz LH energy injected into the plasma was up to 1.05 GJ. Secondly, the fully-activemultijunction (FAM) launcher of 2.45 GHz system was upgraded to a passive-active-multijunction (PAM), for which the density of optimum coupling was relatively low (below the cut-off value). Good coupling with reflection coefficient ~3% has been achieved with plasma-antenna distance up to 11 cm for the new PAM. Finally, in order to eliminate the effect of ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) wave on 4.6 GHz LH wave coupling, the location of the ICRF launcher was changed to a port that is located 157.5 toroidally from the 4.6 GHz LH system and is not magnetically connected
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L. P. Zhu,X. Q. Gu,H. P. He,F. Huang,M. X. Qiu,Z. Z. Ye,Y. Z. Zhang,B. H. Zhao 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.5
A ZnO/Zn0.85Mg0.15O single quantum well (SQW) was fabricated on a Si(111) substrate by using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements were carried out in the range of 10 − 290 K in order to investigate the mechanism of carrier dynamics. At 10 K, the sample exhibited two predominant ultraviolet emissions, one at 3.57 eV and the other at 3.38 eV, which were attributed to recombinations of localized excitons (LE band) in the barrier and the well layers, respectively. The quantum well emission showed a blue shift of nearly 20 meV with respect to the epitaxial ZnO films. We also observed that the carrier localization resulted in an “S-shaped” red-blue-red shift of the ∽3.38 eV emission with increasing temperature. A ZnO/Zn0.85Mg0.15O single quantum well (SQW) was fabricated on a Si(111) substrate by using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements were carried out in the range of 10 − 290 K in order to investigate the mechanism of carrier dynamics. At 10 K, the sample exhibited two predominant ultraviolet emissions, one at 3.57 eV and the other at 3.38 eV, which were attributed to recombinations of localized excitons (LE band) in the barrier and the well layers, respectively. The quantum well emission showed a blue shift of nearly 20 meV with respect to the epitaxial ZnO films. We also observed that the carrier localization resulted in an “S-shaped” red-blue-red shift of the ∽3.38 eV emission with increasing temperature.
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Zhao, X.F.,Xu, N.Y.,Chen, Z.,Wang, Q.,Guo, X.L. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.7
Single-minded 1 gene (SIM1) is a homolog of Drosophila SIM1 gene which plays a key role in the midline cell lineage of the central nervous system and is implicated in the regulation of feeding behavior and obesity in the human and mouse. In this study, porcine SIM1 gene was firstly mapped to chromosome 1p13 using radiation hybrid (RH) mapping and two polymorphisms were detected at position 607 (A/G) in SIM1 intron7 and position 780 (C/T) in SIM1 exon8. The last substitution was genotyped in a 364 F2 animal-population and an association analysis of these genotypes was performed with growth, carcass and meat quality traits by the statistical animal model. The results showed the significant influence of the SIM1 genotype on growth (p<0.05): live weight at birth, later period of growth and average daily gain; and effects on carcass composition (p<0.05): weight of head and buck kneed foreleg, backfat depth, loin eye area, carcass leaf fat and ham fat weights; and traits related to intramuscular fat content (p<0.05).
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Zhao, Y.S.,Chen, L.P.,Zhang, Y.Q.,Yang, J. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2007 International journal of automotive technology Vol.8 No.3
Due to the clutch's non-linear dynamics, time-delays, external disturbance and parameter uncertainty, the automated clutch is difficult to control precisely during the launch process or automatic mechanical transmission (AMT) vehicles. In this paper, an enhanced fuzzy sliding mode controller (EFSMC) is proposed to control the automated clutch. The sliding and global stability conditions are formulated and analyzed in terms of the Lyapunov full quadratic form. The chattering phenomenon is handled by using a saturation function to replace the pure sign function and fuzzy logic adaptation system in the control law. To meet the real-time requirement of the automated clutch, the region-wise linear technology s adopted to reduce the fuzzy rules of the EFSMC. The simulation results have shown hat the proposed controller can achieve a higher performance with minimum reaching time and smooth control actions. In addition, our data also show that the controller is effective and robust to the parametric variation and external disturbance.
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