Development of male sterile transgenic lines in rice by tapetum specific expression of barnase gene

Pravin Kumar,Kulwinder Kaur,Ram Singh Purty,Madan Mohan,Pradeep Kumar Burma 한국식물생명공학회 2017 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.44 No.4

The key to development of barnase-barstar transgene based hybrid seed technology is the availability of tightly regulated tapetum specific promoter, as any leaky expression of the barnase gene leads to several unintended effects. In the present study, we used two different tapetum specific promoters i.e. promoter of the RTS gene isolated from rice cultivar IR64 and the OsG6b promoter from japonica rice cultivar Hayayuki to express the barnase gene in rice transgenic lines. While viable male sterile transgenic lines could not be obtained with RTS promoter we could develop single copy male sterile lines when the barnase gene was expressed under the OsG6b promoter.

Vibrational, dielectric and ion transport properties study of CMC-EDTA-PEG-based biopolymer electrolyte membranes

Pravin Kumar Ray,Devesh Chandra Bharati,J. P. Singh,A. L. Saroj 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.6

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) + xwt% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (x = 0, 10, 20, 30, 40)-based biopolymer electrolytes (BPEs) plasticised with polyethylene glycol (PEG) were prepared by using solution cast method. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis shows the complexation of salt, EDTA with the functional groups of CMC. Impedance analysis shows that the sample containing 20wt%EDTA has the optimum dc conductivity ~ 8.95 × 10–5 S/cm at 30 °C with least activation energy ~ 0.25 eV. Temperature-dependent dc conductivity, dielectric properties and ion dynamics have been analyzed to explore the ion transport mechanism. The scaling of frequency-dependent conductivity and loss tangent were analyzed with respect to EDTA concentration and temperatures. Mobility (µ), charge carrier density (N) and ion diffusivity (D) for all samples were estimated and the sample containing 20wt% EDTA shows the optimum values. Ionic transference number (ITN) measurements reveal that ions are the principal charge carriers. Electrochemical stability window (ESW) was found to be ~  ± 2 V for 20wt% EDTA containing sample.

Nature of the tapetum-specific promoter is crucial for generation of rice transgenics possessing a lethal barnase gene

Pravin Kumar,Ram Singh Purty 한국작물학회 2021 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.24 No.5

The indispensable requirement for the barnase–barstar based hybrid seed production technology is the availability of a tightly regulated tapetum-specifc promoter. Until now, the specifcity of literature reported tapetum-specifc promoters are mainly characterized based on the fusion of non-lethal GUS/GFP gene as promoter–reporter fusion approach. In our previous report, the tapetum-specifc OsG6b promoter had successfully generated 100% male sterile barnase line, whereas the OsRTS promoter (from indica rice cultivar IR64) was leaky in nature. In continuation, our observation with another two tapetum-specifc promoters is reported here. Two distinct phenotypes with no male sterility were observed in the OsFbox promoter barnase lines due to leaky expression, whereas almost half of the OsYY2 promoter lines were male sterile. Based on our results, it is clear that the tapetum-specifc promoters characterized based on the fusion of non-lethal GUS/GFP gene regulate the non-specifc lethal barnase gene diferently. Therefore, the ideal way of characterizing the tapetum-specifc promoter for hybrid seed production should be a lethal gene such as barnase instead of non-lethal GUS/GFP gene

Phase transformation behavior of Ca-doped zirconia sintered at different temperatures

Kumar Ankit,Kumar Pravin,Dhaliwal A. S. 한국세라믹학회 2022 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.59 No.3

The phase evolution studies of 16 mol% calcium-doped zirconia have been carried out after sintering the samples at 800 °C, 1000 °C, 1200 °C, and 1400 °C. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopic along FTIR studies confirmed that the pure zirconia exists only in the monoclinic phase. However, the XRD analysis of calcium-doped zirconia and its Rietveld refinement studies revealed the stabilization of zirconia in the monoclinic and cubic phases both. With increasing sintering temperature, the development of cubic phase in zirconia is seen and at 1400 °C, an almost fully stabilized cubic phase of zirconia is achieved. The traces of CaZrO3 (perovskite phase) are observed in XRD and Raman studies when samples are sintered at 800 °C and 1000 °C. The results of FESEM suggest that grains are uniformly distributed and closely packed. Further, EDS mapping suggests that the calcium is uniformly distributed in samples. The thermal stability analysis confirms that calcium-stabilized zirconia is stable at high temperatures and analysis of the Vickers hardness test confirms that it is harder as compared to pure zirconia. Results reported here indicate that the sintering of 16 mol% calcium-doped zirconia at 1400 °C leads to the complete transformation of m-ZrO2 to c-ZrO2.

Optimization of vibratory welding process parameters using response surface methodology

Pravin Kumar Singh,S. Deepak Kumar,D. Patel,S. B. Prasad 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.5

The current investigation was carried out to study the effect of vibratory welding technique on mechanical properties of 6 mm thick butt welded mild steel plates. A new concept of vibratory welding technique has been designed and developed which is capable to transfer vibrations, having resonance frequency of 300 Hz, into the molten weld pool before it solidifies during the Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process. The important process parameters of vibratory welding technique namely welding current, welding speed and frequency of the vibrations induced in molten weld pool were optimized using Taguchi’s analysis and Response surface methodology (RSM). The effect of process parameters on tensile strength and hardness were evaluated using optimization techniques. Applying RSM, the effect of vibratory welding parameters on tensile strength and hardness were obtained through two separate regression equations. Results showed that, the most influencing factor for the desired tensile strength and hardness is frequency at its resonance value, i.e. 300 Hz. The micro-hardness and microstructures of the vibratory welded joints were studied in detail and compared with those of conventional SMAW joints. Comparatively, uniform and fine grain structure has been found in vibratory welded joints.

Development of male sterile transgenic lines in rice by tapetum specific expression of barnase gene

Kumar, Pravin,Kaur, Kulwinder,Purty, Ram Singh,Mohan, Madan,Burma, Pradeep Kumar The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2017 식물생명공학회지 Vol.44 No.4

The key to development of barnase-barstar transgene based hybrid seed technology is the availability of tightly regulated tapetum specific promoter, as any leaky expression of the barnase gene leads to several unintended effects. In the present study, we used two different tapetum specific promoters i.e. promoter of the RTS gene isolated from rice cultivar IR64 and the OsG6b promoter from japonica rice cultivar Hayayuki to express the barnase gene in rice transgenic lines. While viable male sterile transgenic lines could not be obtained with RTS promoter we could develop single copy male sterile lines when the barnase gene was expressed under the OsG6b promoter.

Care, management, and use of ferrets in biomedical research

Ravindran Kumar Pramod,Pravin Kumar Atul,Mamta Pandey,S. Anbazhagan,Suhas T. Mhaske,R. Barathidasan 한국실험동물학회 2024 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.40 No.1

The ferret (Mustela putorius furo) is a small domesticated species of the family Mustelidae within the order Carnivora. The present article reviews and discusses the current state of knowledge about housing, care, breeding, and biomedical uses of ferrets. The management and breeding procedures of ferrets resemble those used for other carnivores. Understanding its behavior helps in the use of environmental enrichment and social housing, which promote behaviors typical of the species. Ferrets have been used in research since the beginning of the twentieth century. It is a suitable non-rodent model in biomedical research because of its hardy nature, social behavior, diet and other habits, small size, and thus the requirement of a relatively low amount of test compounds and early sexual maturity compared with dogs and non-human primates. Ferrets and humans have numerous similar anatomical, metabolic, and physiological characteristics, including the endocrine, respiratory, auditory, gastrointestinal, and immunological systems. It is one of the emerging animal models used in studies such as influenza and other infectious respiratory diseases, cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, cardiac research, gastrointestinal disorders, neuroscience, and toxicological studies. Ferrets are vulnerable to many human pathogenic organisms, like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), because air transmission of this virus between them has been observed in the laboratory. Ferrets draw the attention of the medical community compared to rodents because they occupy a distinct niche in biomedical studies, although they possess a small representation in laboratory research.

Comprehensive Loss Analysis of Isolated Bidirectional Matrix based AC-DC Converter

Prathamesh Pravin Deshpande,Amit Kumar Singh,Hau Chong Aih,Merlin Chai,Sanjib Kumar Panda 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

In this paper a comparison of traditional two stage back-to-back AC-DC converter with matrix based ACDC converter using comprehensive loss analysis is presented. The two-stage AC-DC converter uses a boost rectifier with power factor correction at the grid side while a full bridge converter at the load end. A current control based closed loop control is developed for the grid end converter while synchronous rectification is used for the corresponding half when full bridge converter is operated in the bidirectional mode. Matrix based AC-AC converter eliminates the use of DC-link and hence the bulky DC link capacitor. Space Vector Modulation based switching scheme is used for matrix based single stage converter. As, the matrix based converter uses back-to-back switches, it contributes to maximum proportion of the total loss followed by input LC filter and controlled rectifier part of the AC-DC converter. Maximum efficiency calculated is about 95.5 % for the matrix based converter, while for two stage converter is about 80 %. Matrix based converter provides higher efficiency, power density, reliability, etc.

A Robust Fingerprint Matching System Using Orientation Features

Kumar, Ravinder,Chandra, Pravin,Hanmandlu, Madasu Korea Information Processing Society 2016 Journal of information processing systems Vol.12 No.1

The latest research on the image-based fingerprint matching approaches indicates that they are less complex than the minutiae-based approaches when it comes to dealing with low quality images. Most of the approaches in the literature are not robust to fingerprint rotation and translation. In this paper, we develop a robust fingerprint matching system by extracting the circular region of interest (ROI) of a radius of 50 pixels centered at the core point. Maximizing their orientation correlation aligns two fingerprints that are to be matched. The modified Euclidean distance computed between the extracted orientation features of the sample and query images is used for matching. Extensive experiments were conducted over four benchmark fingerprint datasets of FVC2002 and two other proprietary databases of RFVC 2002 and the AITDB. The experimental results show the superiority of our proposed method over the well-known image-based approaches in the literature.

Numerical method for heat transfer and fouling analysis of a shell and tube heat exchanger using statistical analysis

Dillip Kumar Mohanty,Pravin Madanrao Singru 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.29 No.9

Through proper monitoring, problems can be identified and isolated well before the economics of the process are threatened. In contrast to most conventional methods, fouling can be detected when the heat exchanger operates in transient states. Statistical analysis is used to develop a fouling growth model of a heat exchanger subjected to fouling. The statistical analysis was considered for four different types of distributions out of which the lognormal distribution was found to be most suitable. Experiments were conducted with a single pass shell and tube heat exchanger with water both as the hot and cold fluids. The results show that the proposed tool is very effective in detecting critical fouling in a heat exchanger, which can be utilized for predicting the optimal maintenance schedule. Hence, the results of this work can find application in predicting the reduction in heat transfer efficiency due to fouling in heat exchangers that are in operation and assist the exchanger operators to plan cleaning schedules.