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DIETARY SILICA EFFECTS ON MINERAL METABOLISM IN LAMBS
Prabowo, Akhmad,Spears, J.W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.2
Eighteen wether lambs averaging 32 kg were used to determine the effects of dietary silica, added as silicic acid, on mineral metabolism. Lambs were fed 1200 g daily of a coastal Bermuda grass based diet supplemented with either 0, .5 or 1.5% silicic acid. A 7-d total collection of urine and feces was conducted after lambs had adjusted to the dietary treatments for 19 days. Urinary excretion of silica was higher (p<.01) in lambs fed added silicic acid. Ruminal soluble concentrations of manganese tended to be lower (p<.10) and apparent absorption and retention of manganese were lower (p<.05) in lambs supplemented with silicic acid compared to control lambs. Apparent absorption and retention of calcium were slightly lower (p<.10) in silicic acid fed lambs. No differences in urinary between lambs fed .5 and those given 1.5% silicic acid. Phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc and copper absorption and retention were not affected by treatment.
Copolymerization of L-Lactide and ${\varepsilon}$-Caprolactone in Supercritical Fluid
Prabowo, Benedictus,Choi, Dong-Hoon,Kim, Soo-Hyun The Polymer Society of Korea 2009 Macromolecular Research Vol.17 No.8
Copolymerization of L-lactide and s-caprolactone initiated by tin (II) octoate (Sn(Oct)$_2$) was carried out in supercritical chlorodifluoromethane (R22) with varying reaction conditions (time and temperature) and amounts of monomer and catalyst, under a pressure of 250 bar. The optimum conditions were a reaction time of 10 h and a temperature of 130 $^{\circ}C$, which is similar to the temperature used in bulk copolymerization system. The conversion increased from 56% to 76% by increasing the reaction time from 1 to 10 h. The molecular weight also increased to 75,900 g.mol$^{-1}$ over the same period, while the increased monomer concentration resulted in a high molecular weight of 86,400 g.mol$^{-1}$ and a monomer conversion of 84%. Raising the reaction temperature from 90 to 130 $^{\circ}C$ increased the monomer conversion as well as the poly-L-lactide-co-${\varepsilon}$-caprolactone (PLCL) molecular weight. The variation on the stannous octoate catalyst suggested that less catalyst would decrease the caprolactone content of the polymer.
MINERAL STATUS OF GRAZING CATTLE IN SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA: 2. MICROMINERALS
Prabowo, A.,McDowell, L.R.,Wilkinson, N.S.,Wilcox, C.J.,Conrad, J.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1991 Animal Bioscience Vol.4 No.2
Research was conducted to determine the micromineral status of grazing cattle in three climatic regions of the province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Soil, forage, blood and liver samples were collected within the Western, Central and Eastern regions in February-March and August-September of 1987. Forages were deficient in copper, selenium and zinc. Serum copper was deficient in all regions but zinc was deficient more in the dry season. Liver copper was deficient in all regions and both seasons except in the central region in the rainy season. Based on the analyses, microminerals most likely deficient in both the rainy and dry seasons for each region were as follows: Western-copper, selenium and zinc; Central-manganese and copper; Eastern-selenium, copper and zinc. Some degree of molybdenum excess was found in the Eastern region.
Prabowo Muhammad Husen,Febrinasari Ratih Puspita,Pamungkasari Eti Poncorini,Mahendradhata Yodi,Pulkki-Brännström Anni-Maria,Probandari Ari 대한예방의학회 2023 예방의학회지 Vol.56 No.5
Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious public health issue that places a heavy financial, social, and health-related burden on individuals, families, and healthcare systems. Self-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is extensively used for monitoring the general population’s health conditions and measuring the effectiveness of interventions. Therefore, this study investigated HRQoL and associated factors among patients with type 2 DM at a primary healthcare center in Indonesia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Klaten District, Central Java, Indonesia, from May 2019 to July 2019. In total, 260 patients with DM registered with National Health Insurance were interviewed. HRQoL was measured with the EuroQol Group’s validated Bahasa Indonesia version of the EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) with the Indonesian value set. Multivariate regression models were used to identify factors influencing HRQoL.Results: Data from 24 patients were excluded due to incomplete information. Most participants were men (60.6%), were aged above 50 years (91.5%), had less than a senior high school education (75.0%), and were unemployed (85.6%). The most frequent health problems were reported for the pain/discomfort dimension (64.0%) followed by anxiety (28.4%), mobility (17.8%), usual activities (10.6%), and self-care (6.8%). The average EuroQoL 5-Dimension (EQ-5D) index score was 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83 to 0.88). In the multivariate ordinal regression model, a higher education level (coefficient, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.14) was a significant predictor of the EQ-5D-5L utility score.Conclusions: Patients with diabetes had poorer EQ-5D-5L utility values than the general population. DM patients experienced pain/discomfort and anxiety. There was a substantial positive relationship between education level and HRQoL.
Modeling and Stability Assessment of Single-Phase Droop Controlled Solid State Transformer
Yos Prabowo,Vishnu Mahadeva Iyer,Byeongheon Kim,Subhashish Bhattacharya 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5
This paper addresses the modeling aspects and small-signal stability considerations for a single-phase droop controlled Solid State Transformer (SST). A state-space based modeling approach is utilized to assess the stability of the SST. It is demonstrated that physical parameter (e.g. grid impedance) variations, the choice of control parameters (e.g. droop control parameters) and the steady state operating point play a crucial role in determining the stability of the SST system that needs to handle wide load variations. Simulation results from a 1kVA droop-controlled SST system are presented to validate the analytical models.