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Peyman Norouzi,Mohammad Sabzehzari,Hasan Zeinali 한국작물학회 2015 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.18 No.5
Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is one of the two major products supplying sugar (sucroses) in the world. Rhizomania is one of the most destructive diseases of sugar beet world-wide. Holly is the major source of resistance to rhizomania. The objectives of this study were to identify the dominant homozygous genotypes resistant to rhizomania using ZN1 molecular marker, to field evaluate S1 progenies of plants already proved to be containing the marker and also to determine the relationship of this and other SCAR (sequence characterized amplified region) markers with SNP1 (single nucleotide polymorphism) marker associated with the Rz1 gene. Molecular analysis was carried out on 27 O-type populations (consisting of 13 susceptible and 6 resistant genotypes). Field evaluation and scoring of the phenotypic traits including greenness, growth, uniformity and disease score of 12 O-type populations were carried out on a rhizomania-infested field. The percent agreement of coupling marker ZN1 and repulsion marker ZN8 with disease score was 0.91 and 0.93, respectively. Although all O-types had the Rz1 resistance gene but the phenotypic differences were observed due to the effect of different genetic backgrounds and modifier genes. Overall, the results showed that the selected markers can be used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) to reduce the time and cost of breeding programs and increase the efficiency of selection.
Peyman Farahpour,Vahid Babaghasabha,Mahdi Khadem 국제구조공학회 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.55 No.6
In this paper, the effect of functionally graded material (FGM) coatings on the fracture behavior of semi-elliptical cracks in cylinders is assessed. The objective is to calculate the stress intensity factor (SIF) of a longitudinal semi-elliptical crack on the wall of an aluminum cylinder with FGM coating. A threedimensional finite element method (FEM) is used for constructing the mechanical models and analyzing the SIFs of cracks. The effect of many geometrical parameters such as relative depth, crack aspect ratio, FG coating thickness to liner thickness as well as the mechanical properties of the FG coating on the SIF of the cracks is discussed. For a special case, the validity of the FE model is examined. The results indicated that there is a particular crack aspect ratio in which the maximum value of SIFs changes from the deepest point to the surface point of the crack. Moreover, it was found that the SIFs decrease by increasing the thickness ratio of the cylinder. But, the cylinder length has no effect on the crack SIFs.
Dynamic Analysis of a Fast-acting Circuit Breaker (Thompson) Drive Mechanism
Peyman Dordizadeh B.,Pedram Gharghabi,Kaveh Niayesh 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.61
Circuit breakers (CBs) are one of the most vital elements of the power systems. Failure in operation of a CB can make all protection strategies, designed to protect different parts of a system, pointless. By virtue of new requirements in modern power systems, the necessity for emerging new generation of CBs is inevitable. All commonly used CBs suffer from the fact that mechanical drives are used in their structure and due to this fact they are limited in acting velocity. This disadvantage can be treated by eliminating the mechanical drives in their structure. Electrodynamic drives seem to be an excellent substitute for them. The acting velocity of conventional CBs is not enough to be used in hybrid systems of fault current limiting devices and for synchronous current interruption purposes.Electrodynamic drive is a high velocity magnetic actuator that utilizes pulse magnetic force to open a circuit breaker. In this paper, a typical structure for an electrodynamic drive has been proposed and thoroughly investigated. The proposed structure consists of a capacitor bank as an energy storing device and a spiral coil as a current discharging coil. High density magnetic flux is created due to current discharging in aforementioned coil. This magnetic flux causes current induction in the moving contact of a CB which is adjacent to the coil. In contrast to the conventional drives, this type of actuators can be used for applications where very short actuation time delays and/or high opening velocities are required. For a better understanding of their working mechanism, in this paper, advanced simulation tools based on finite element method (FEM) have been applied to calculate the magnetic pressure acting on the moving contact of CB.In the present paper, impact of different parameters of the drive mechanism such as the amount of equivalent resistor and inductance of system, the relative distance between coil and moving contact and initial external energy, on the opening velocity of CB has been thoroughly studied. According to the simulation results, comprehensive investigation of induction process in the moving contact has been performed, and also some dimensioning rules and suggestions for the coil geometry in this type of drive mechanism have been derived. Furthermore an experimental setup has been carried out in order to evaluate the authenticity of simulation results. It is shown that the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental observations and opening velocities up to several 10 m/s are achievable.
Peyman Abdeshahian,Noraini Samat,Aidil Abdul Hamid,Wan Mohtar Wan Yusoff 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.2
Palm kernel cake (PKC), is an agro-industrial residue created in the palm oil industry, and large quantities of PKC are produced in Malaysia. Sustainable development of the palm oil industry in Malaysia demands an economical technology for the environmentally friendly utilization of PKC in industrial utility systems. This research was carried out to evaluate the use of PKC in the production of cellulase by the cultivation of Aspergillus niger FTCC 5003 in a laboratory packed-bed bioreactor for seven days. A central composite design was used to perform eighteen trials of solid substrate fermentation under selected conditions of incubation temperature, initial moisture content of substrate, and airflow rate. Experimental results showed that a cellulase yield of 244.53 U/g of dry PKC was obtained when 100 g of PKC was hydrolyzed at an incubation temperature of 32.5℃, an initial moisture level of 60%, and an aeration rate of 1.5 L/min/g PKC. An empirical second-order polynomial model was adjusted to the experimental data to evaluate the effects of the studied operating variables on cellulase production. The statistical model revealed that the quadratic term for initial moisture content had a significant effect on the production of cellulase (P < 0.01). The regression model also indicated that the quadratic terms for incubation temperature and interaction effects between initial moisture content and aeration rate significantly influenced cellulase production (P < 0.05). The empirical model determined that the optimum conditions for cellulase production were an incubation temperature of 31.0℃, an initial moisture content of 59.0% and an airflow rate of 1.55 L/min/g PKC.
Shear Response of Castellated Steel Beams
Peyman Pourbehi,Akbar Pirmoz 한국강구조학회 2015 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.15 No.2
Because of non-ductile nature of buckling mode of failure, web-post failure examination of castellated steel beams is considered a critical issue in designing. A detailed numerical study is performed on the shear response of castellated steel beams, susceptible to web-post buckling in this article. The accuracy of the previously proposed formulation is evaluated for the mild steel models and it is found that the available methods fail to accurately predict the web-post buckling load for these beams. A considerable number of finite element (FE) models of mild steel castellated beams, are analyzed and added to the previously developed data bank. Based on these data, consisting of 300 models, a modified formulation is proposed to estimate the critical buckling load of castellated beams, considering material type. A case study analysis of a damaged castellated beam revealed some important factors for a safer design of these beams.
Commuting powers and exterior degree of finite groups
Peyman Niroomand,Rashid Rezaei,Francesco G. Russo 대한수학회 2012 대한수학회지 Vol.49 No.4
Recently, we have introduced a group invariant, which is re-lated to the number of elements x and y of a nite group G such that x ^ y = 1G^G in the exterior square G ^ G of G. This number gives re-strictions on the Schur multiplier of G and, consequently, large classes of groups can be described. In the present paper we generalize the previous investigations on the topic, focusing on the number of elements of the form hm ^ k of H ^ K such that hm ^ k = 1H^K, where m 1 and H and K are arbitrary subgroups of G.