From Power to Biopower

Paul?Antoine Miquel 인천대학교 인문학연구소 2011 인문학연구 Vol.15 No.-

Unacceptable but Indispensable: Opium Law and Regulations in Guangdong, 1912-1936

Xavier Paulès 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2013 Cross-Currents Vol.- No.7

During most of the period from 1912 to 1936, Guangdong Province was independent from the central government. The local authorities there were facing a dilemma regarding opium, as others were elsewhere in China. On the one hand, opium was considered the symbol of China’s weakness, and its suppression was a top priority; on the other hand, opium taxes represented an indispensable source of fiscal income. Some Guangdong power holders were truly committed to a suppression agenda, especially from 1913 to 1924. During this period, with the exception of a brief interlude from 1915 to 1916, opium laws were prohibition laws. Even if these laws were not always enforced with full vigor, the drug remained illegal in Guangdong. After 1924, opium was legalized, and the authorities openly ruled an opium monopoly. They came out with increasingly comprehensive regulations, which proved successful in increasing opium revenues. Yet, as this article makes clear, there was nothing like direct government control: traditional tax-farming arrangements with local opium merchants (though under stricter supervision) remained the backbone of the monopoly. The article also pays attention to the influence of the Six-Year Plan (1935–1940) launched by the Nanking government. As a credible set of suppression laws, it appealed to the Guangdong progressive elites who were hostile to opium. They urged the local autocrat Chen Jitang to take similar action. Chen made attempts to launch his own plans for suppressing opium, but they were unconvincing and nothing concrete came out of them. This article suggests that, in order to obtain a better understanding of how easily Chen Jitang was driven out of power in the summer of 1936, it is necessary to take into account the significant contribution of the Six-Year Plan in undermining his legitimacy.

Issues in Hiriong People with Disabilities Expressed by Employers

Christina Kim,Heidi Paul 국립특수교육원 2007 특수교육연구 Vol.14 No.1

고용주의 장애인 고용에 대한 현안사항 탐색-미국 캘리포니아 지역을 중심으로 -Christina Kimm* Heidi Paul**이 연구는 장애인을 고용할 때 고용주가 갖는 기대와 문제점을 주목적으로 장애인의 고용률을 증가시킬 수 있는 요소가 무엇인지를 알아보고자 하는 연구이다 . 연구의 참가자는 미국 캘리포니아주 남부(남가주)에 사업체를 가지고 있는 2,000여 명의 고용주들에게 설문지를 보내어 약 665명으로부터 얻은 결과를 기록했다 . 참가자는 남가주 지역사회의 구성인원의 비율보다는 동양인과 히스패닉

도시하천의 수자원 최적활용을 위한 종합 수질관리

정팔진,김민정,김종신 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1998 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.13 No.1

The aims of this study is to develop the theoretical basis for a more efficient utilization of the water quality management and its application to the management of water resources of the urban system, thus leading to a more integrated water management system for a more optimum use of the water resources. The results of study is summarized below. Hydraulic and hydrological studies were carried out on sites at Chonju(Chonju-cheon, sam-cheon). The following results are obtained. In the Chonju city area, the flow rate of the urban stream, Sam-cheon, is influenced by the quantity of domestic wastewater being discharged into the receiving body, which can have significant effct on its water quality. On the other hand, Chonju cheon is affected by the domestic wastewater as well as by the effluence of the industrial wastewater. The urban streams of the Chonju city run through the center of the city and the neighbouring industrial complex. The wasters of these urban streams are found to contain high levels of suspended materials causing high turbidity, and odours resulting from degradation of organic matters.

조류성장잠재력(AGP) 시험에 의한 섬진강의 조류생장 제한영양염의 추정

정팔진,김민정,김종신 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1996 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.1

Algal Growth Potential spike test of Sumjin River were carried out in order to identify algal growth limiting constituents. To investigate the water quality of Sumjin river, samples were collected 8 times during this study period at five station. BOD, T-N and T-P loading were sequentially caused by live stock, human activity, land and fish farm. The amount of BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus accumulated were respectively 12,165.1㎏/d, 2,416.9㎏/d and 1,119.8㎏/d. Particularly, 69 percent of total BOD loading, 66 percent of T-N and 92 percent of T-P loading resulted from live stock. Among the tested sites, W-1 point water greadly produced biomass up to 14㎎ dry weight of Selenastrum capricornutum/ℓ due to the fact that 0.1㎎ PO_4-P/ℓ addition of orther constituents are excessive. Therefore, Sumjin River were identified as extremely phosphorus-limited water for algal growth.

칸트

쾨스터스 한국외국어대학교 외국학종합연구센터 인문과학연구소 1997 인문학 연구 Vol.2 No.-

인공호의 부영양화 평가

정팔진,김민정,권지영 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1999 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.14 No.1

Studies on physico-Chemical factors in Buan Dam were carried out from July, 1998 to June, 1990. To investigate the water quality of Buan Dam, Samples were collected 3 times during this study period at three station. The Environmental factors were Water Temperature(3∼28℃), pH(6.3∼8.8), DO(7.0∼14.4), COD(1.4∼3.3㎎/ℓ), T-P(0.001∼0.032㎎/ℓ), T-N(0.760∼2,100 ㎎/ℓ) and Chl-a(1.0∼9.2㎎/㎥), respectively. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and to predict of eutrophication in Buan Dam by using Vollenweider Index. The trophic states of Buan Dam can be assessed as eutrophy because Nitrogen loading exceeds the critical nitrogen loading by Vollenweider Index. Due to the fact that ratio Nitrogen/Phosphorus of constituents are excessive. Therefore, Buan Dam were identified as extremely Phosphorus-limited water for algal growth.

活性슬러지 工程에 있어서 酸素利用率과 內呼吸率에 關한 硏究

丁八鎭 全北大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

It is very important to find the process variables that reflect the removal rate and capacity of organic matter by the activated sludge. Stenstrom and Andrews, they show that specific oxygen uptake rate(SPOUR) reflects immediately the presence of shock loads which the tradional food to microorganism (F/M) ratio does not. Thus oxygen uptake rate (OUR) can be an early warning indication abnomal conditions. This study has two purposes. First is to find the SPOUR and OUR when the synthetic substrate was added or not at the begining stage of reaction. Second is to study the feasibility on the Monod's and Dechamp's mathemetical models. The conclusions are as follows. (1) The results could be expressed to some extend by Monod's model. when S_o<<K_s, (2) There was no any trends in the application of Dechamp's and Kendrick's model. (3) In order to reduce the concentration of D O from 4mg/ℓ to 1mg/ℓ, it took longer as S_o/X_o ratio was larger and shorter as its ratio was smaller.

長城湖의 水質特性에 關한 硏究

정팔진,박귀님,곽동희 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1995 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.10 No.1

To investigate the water quality of the Lake Jangseong, samples were collected 4 times during this study period at five stations each season. According to the inflowing stream loading, BOD loading was caused to land, human activity and fish farm sequentially. COD, T-N and T-P were contributed to fish farm, human activity and land sequentially. The Lake Jangseong had the characteristic of high algae growth rate according to long hydraulic retention time and low mean depth(9m of mean depth, 0.76year of hydraulic residence time). The amount of phosphorus accumulated was 5.2㎏/d. The excessive critical loading was 2.10tP/yr. The actual inflowing 8.36tP/yr, showing 4 times higher than the excessive critical loading. The water quality of the Lake Jangseong was transparency 1.4m, water temperature 13℃, pH 7.3, DO 6.9㎎/ℓ, COD 4.2㎎/ℓ, SS 5.1㎎/ℓ, T-N1.104㎎/ℓ, T-P 0.070㎎/ℓ, chlorophyll-a 17.5㎎/㎥. The water quality value was the highest in the fish farm(L2) by sites and high in winter, fall, summber, spring sequentially.

대청호 저질의 용출특성과 수질에 미치는 영향

정팔진,이성우,곽동희 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1997 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.12 No.1

Lake eutrophication that bring about by excessive amounts of phosphorus and nitrogen becomes the main problem in Daechung Lake. To control the eutrophication like water bloom, it is important to quantify the nutrients loading and estimate the mass balance in the lake. In this paper, it was carried out to evaluate the nutrients discharging and characteristics of release in Daechung lake and investigate the effect of sediments on water quality. Also, it is suggested that the method of water quality management is required to improve it. The results of study are summarized as following ; 1. It is estimated that about 54% of input TP is accumulated in Daechung lake 2. It is surveyed that the mean range of TP release rate is 4.2∼10.1㎎/㎡·d at sampling sites of the lake 3. In order to improve the water quality of Daechung lake, it is needed the wastewater treatment plant and the sediment dredging of the lake preferentially.