패혈증의 경과에 따른 혈중 스테로이드와 Nitric Oxide의 연관성

이규성 ( Keu Sung Lee ),김영선 ( Young Sun Kim ),이형노 ( Hyoung No Lee ),박주헌 ( Joo Hun Park ),오윤정 ( Yoon Jung Oh ),신승수 ( Seung Soo Sheen ),최영화 ( Young Hwa Choi ),박광주 ( Kwang Joo Park ),황성철 ( Sung Chul Hwang ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2007 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.62 No.4

연구배경: 패혈증에서 Nitric oxide 스테로이드 호르몬은 혈역학적 변화와 염증반응에 관여하는데 이 두 인자는 서로 상관성이 있는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 하지만 실제 환자에서 서로의 상관성이나 임상적 의의는 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 방법: 패혈증 환자 26예와 대조군 14예를 대상으로 혈중 총 NO와 혈중 코티졸 농도를 측정하였고 이어서 제 3, 5, 7병일에도 연속적으로 측정을 하였다. 결과: 패혈증 환자군에서 초기 혈중 코티졸 및 총 NO 농도는 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 증가하였고 경증 패혈증에 비하여 중증 패혈증 환자군에서 유의하게 높았다. 초기 혈중 총 NO의 농도는 APACHE II 점수, 정맥혈 lactate 농도와 상관성이 있었다. 패혈증의 시간의 경과에 따라 혈중 NO 농도는 제 1병일, 제 5병일, 제 7병일에 혈중 코티졸의 농도와 유의한 상관성이 있었다. 결론: 패혈증 환자들에서 혈중 NO와 코티졸 농도는 증가되어 있었으며, 경과에 따라 서로 유의한 상관성이 지속되었다. 상호작용기전에 대하여는 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것이다. Background: The nitric oxide (NO) released by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Corticosteroids also play a role in the hemodynamic and inflammatory reactions in sepsis. Both have been shown to have a relationship theoretically, but their correlation and clinical impacts have rarely been evaluated. Methods: 26 patients with sepsis and 14 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The initial random plasma total NO and the serum cortisol levels were measured. The same measurements were serially carried out on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th days. Results: The initial total plasma levels of NO and cortisol were higher in the patients with sepsis than in the healthy controls. The total NO levels were higher in patients with severe sepsis than in the those with mild sepsis. There was a correlation between the total NO and cortisol level throughout the study. Conclusion: In patients with sepsis, the levels of plasma NO and cortisol were well correlated during the first week of sepsis, which suggests an interrelationship. However, the clinical and pathogenetic implications await further evaluation. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2007; 62: 308-313)

CFRP 복합적층판의 적층배향·계면수에 따른 저속충격특성

임광희,박노식,나승우,김영남,이현,심재기,양인영 한국공작기계학회 2001 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.10 No.6

In this paper, this study aims at the evaluation on the characteristics of CFRP laminate plates using a falling weight impact tester. The experiment was conducted on several laminates of different orientation. A system was built for measuring the impact strength of CFRP laminates in consideration of stress wave propagation theory using a falling weight impact tester. Delamination areas of impacted specimens for the different ply orientation were measured with ultrasonic C-scanner to find correlation between impact energy and delamination area. Absorbed energy of quasi-isotropic specimen having four interfaces was higher than that of orthotropic laminates with two interfaces. The more interfaces, the greater the energy absorbed. The absorbed energy of a hybrid specimen containing a GFRP layer was higher than that of normal specimens.

복지국가 스웨덴의 지방자치 : 균형적 지역발전의 모델 A Model of Balanced Regional Development

변광수,김인철,박노호 서울대학교 국제지역원 1995 국제지역연구 Vol.4 No.1

본 연구는 스웨덴의 독특한 지방자치를 대상으로 세가지 측면-역사면, 제도 및 운영면, 제정면-에서 분석되었다. 기존문헌과 통계자료를 비롯하여 스웨덴 현지방문에서 수거한 자료도 활용하였다. 주요한 분석내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 스웨덴 자치의 역사적 배경을 파악하기 위하여 그 원류를 추적하였다. 기원 후 수세기경에 존재하던 부락외의에서부터 오니르이 자치제도 정착에 이르기까지 그 연속과 변화과정을 정리하였다. 특히 1960년-1974년 기간중 두차례에 걸쳐 단행된 자치구역 통폐합의 의미와 효과를 진단하였다. 둘째, 현스웨덴 지방자치의 구조와 권능을 분석함으로써 스웨덴식 자치모델이 가지는 특성을 가려내고자 하였다. 이를 위해 정부의 조직과 행정편재를 점검하였고, 중앙·지방정부의 기능분담과 운영절차를 부석하였다. 정당·시민조직·지방정부 전국연합·이익집단 및 교회조직으로 연결되는 조합주의적 다자간 참여의 양태도 분석하였다. 셋째 지방자치권으 가장 주요한 권능인 재정기능을 분석하였다. 교육·복지·의료서비스 등 지방정부가 담당하는 사회적 기능의 역할과 규모를 설명하였다. 국민경제에서 차지하는 지방자치제의 수입지출비중 및 수겅 내역을 비롯하여 중앙정부와 지방정부간의 재정적 역학조정에 대해 분석하였다. This study has three major purposes. First, the research seeks to examine and explain the historical origin and backgrounds of the Swedish local autonomy. The second essential purpose is to throw light upon the institutional patterns and managerial performance as the recent local politics produce. The third research goal is focused on the financial management of the local government as well as the recent major advancement in the field of public finance. The study is, accordingly, composed of three part. The first part is an overview of the Swedish local autonomy from the historical perspective. This involves an investigation of how local democracy has changed ot continued in the course of last several decaded. Part two offers an analysis of the intergovernmental relations --IGR-- among the central and local governments in terms of function, power & resources. Oberservations are folloewed by the analysis of the particular types of decision-making process in the local government. The final part reveals a major role which the local government plays in delivering the welfare and public service. Discussed also is how financial policies are linked to the advancement of the balaced serviced delivery and the equilibrium development in the local governance. The research results is expected to enable us to understand the trends and prospects of the Swedish local development in political and socio-economic regards.

경부 청소술 후의 승모근기능

박준명,박동식,정광익,이언석,노영수 大韓再活醫學會 1998 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.22 No.2

地域綜合開發計劃의 樹立을 爲限 住民開發需要調査 分析 : 慶尙北道 永川郡事例를 中心으로 A case study of the Youngchen Gun , Kyngsang Buk Do

최외출,박노보,김문식,정하광,이정주 영남대학교 지역발전연구소 1995 새마을지역개발연구 Vol.17 No.-

The purpose of this study is to establish the integrated rural development plan based on the consciousness and development need of inhabitants in Youngchen Gun. Youngchen Gun is located near metropolitan Taegu city. It is a satellite town of Taegu. In the future it will become an industrial, educational center in a gardenlike environment. Youngchen Gun is an area having high level of the settlement consciousness in comparison with the other counties in Kyngsang Buk Do, but it has as ever the structural problem of rural. Obtained results of this study are as follows : 1. In a section of regional settlement consciousness, it is needed to establish the well organized settlement system. 2. In a section of zone of life, it is necessary to expand a marketing route for inhabitants. 3. In a section of agricultural industry, it is needed to expand the facilities for circulation, to improve an income crops and mechanize an agriculture. 4. In a section of residence, it is needed to expand the facilities of life benefit and enlarge housing lands. 5. In a section of transportation, it is needed to extend all sort of roads and traffic facilities. 6. In a section of education, it is necessary to elevate the qualities of education and modernize the education facilities. 7. In a section of medical service, it is needed to increase the medical specialist and expand medical facilities. 8. In a section of cultural service and welfare, it is necessary to establish and increase cultural and welfare facilities.

地域綜合開發計劃의 背景과 實際 : 경산지역을 중심으로 A Case of Kyongsan Region

최외출,박노보,김문식,정하광,이정주 영남대학교 지역발전연구소 1995 새마을지역개발연구 Vol.17 No.-

The purpose of this study is to examine background and characteristics of integrated rural development policy facing localization ages and to find out the effective ways for integrated rural development planning responding local settlement development and local autonomy. For this study, the case of Kyongsan region development planning was adopted. Policy issues were summarized as follows : 1. Endeavours for self-reliant regional development should be region-wide. Especially, residents, local government, local council, and local group concerned should be integrated through mutual cooperation. 2. Policy processes, including policy agend setting, policy making, policy implementation, policy evalution, should be opened to the public and should be institutionalized with the arrangement of participation of residents and experts. 3. Institutional arrangement should be made to compensate for scarce resources for regional development.

돼지에서 정맥, 근육 그리고 경구 투여시의 enrofloxacin의 약물동태학

윤효인,김무열,박승춘,조준형,박병권,이내경,노상석,장범수,신광순,조명행 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1996 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-

In order to characterize pharmacokinetic profiles according to route of a new enrofloxacin salt form (Enrotil®), it was given to 4 healthy pigs via oral (p.o.), intramuscular (i.m.) or intravenous (i.v.) administrations at a dose rate of 5 ㎎/㎏ body weight. Enrofloxacin (ENFX) in serum was detected by bioassay using E. coli BE1186 as a test organism. The biological elimination half-lives (t_1/2(β)) of ENFX were 6.76±0.99 h (i.v.), 7.16±2.30 h (i.m.) and 11.45±3.90 h (p.o.), Volume of distribution (Vd) of enrofloxacin was 2.20±0.31 L/㎏ (i.v.), 2.52±0.60 L/㎏ (i.m.) and 1.88±0.33 L/㎏ (i.m.). Mean residence time (MRT) was 8.77±1.26 h after i.v. injection and the maximal concentration time (Tmax) following p.o. and i.m. administration was 0.76±0.09 h and 0.60±0.12 h, indicating a rapid absorption from these routes. Bioavailibility (F) was calculated as 64.1% for p.o. administration and 59.71% for i.m. injections. In summary, the newly formulated enrofloxacin salt form has shown a high water solubility, rapid absorption and large tissue distribution, suggesting a potential antibacterials for oral application on a large scale in veterinary sectors.

Inheritance and Cross Resistance of Phenthoate-Selected Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)

No-Joong Park,Sae-Chan Oh,Yong-Ho Choi,Kwang-Ryeul Choi,Kwang Yun Cho 한국응용곤충학회 2004 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.7 No.2

The inheritance of the phenthoate-selected diamondback moth (DBM) was investigated, and the cross resistance was also examined against various insecticides. The phenthoate concentration-mortality relationship between F1 progenies (S♀×R♂, S♂×R♀) obtained from reciprocal crosses with the susceptible (S) and phenthoate-selected DBM strains (R) indicated the absence of sex-linked inheritance. The resistance ratios of F1S (S♀×R♂), F1R (S♂×R♀), and phenthoate-selected(R) strains were 23.8, 24.1, and 175.1, respectively. Degrees of dominance of the F1S and F1R progenies were 0.23 and 0.45. These results suggest that the inheritance of phenthoate resistance in DBM is controlled by one or more autosomal genes in a manner of incomplete dominance. This R strain exhibited a high level of cross resistance to parathion, pyrachlofos, and phosmet with resistance ratios of 51.1, 59.9 and 72.5, respectively, and also showed medium level of cross resistance to most organophosphorus insecticides with the range of resistance ratios among 5.0~50.0, except for acephate, demeton-S-methyl, profenofos, and pyridaphenthion showing low level of cross resistance with resistance ratios among 1.5-4.0. However, this R strain exhibited low level of cross resistance to most carbamate insecticides except BPMC showing resistance ratio of 5.3. Similar low level of cross resistance was observed from the pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticides with the resistance ratios among 1.2~4.6.

Inhibition of AChE from Phenthoate-Selected Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)

Park No-Joong,Oh Sae-Chan,Choi Yong-Ho,Choi Kwang-Ryeul,Cho Kwang-Yun Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2005 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.8 No.1

The Inhibition of AChE activity was compared between susceptible and phenthoate resistant diamondback moth (DBM) using in vitro enzyme assay and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Dichlorvos and carbofuran were very effective to inhibit the AChE activity from S strains with $I_{50}$ values of 0.38 and $0.21\;{\mu}M$, respectively. However, the AChE from R strain was much less inhibited to dichlorvos, i.e. insensitive to dichlorvos with R/S ratio of 11.4, than phosphamidon, BPMC, and carbofuran with the R/S ratio of 2.8, 4.2, and 2.5, respectively. Direct-staining of native gel revealed that the majority of AChE from S strain was quickly deactivated by $50\;{\mu}M$ of dichlorvos that was the lowest concentration of the inhibitor in the experiment. However, the AChE activity from R strain was not fully inhibited by $500\;{\mu}M$ of dichlorvos. This result was confirmed in the repetitive experiment with head extracts of both strains separately prepared with three replications. In the incubation of AChE with $100\;{\mu}M$ of dichlorvos on native gel, the AChE from R strain was apparently insensitive to the inhibitor in contrast to the fully inhibited AChE from S strain.

Inhibition of AChE from Phenthoate-Selected Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)

No-Joong Park,Sae-Chan Oh,Yong-Ho Choi,Kwang-Ryeul Choi,Kwang-Yun Cho 한국응용곤충학회 2005 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.8 No.1

The Inhibition of AChE activity was compared between susceptible and phenthoate resistant diamondback moth (DBM) using in vitro enzyme assay and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Dichlorvos and carbofuran were very effective to inhibit the AChE activity from S strains with I50 values of 0.38 and 0.21 M, respectively. However, the AChE from R strain was much less inhibited to dichlorvos, i.e. insensitive to dichlorvos with R/S ratio of 11.4, than phosphamidon, BPMC, and carbofuran with the R/S ratio of 2.8, 4.2, and 2.5, respectively. Direct-staining of native gel revealed that the majority of AChE from S strain was quickly deactivated by 50 M of dichlorvos that was the lowest concentration of the inhibitor in the experiment. However, the AChE activity from R strain was not fully inhibited by 500 M of dichlorvos. This result was confirmed in the repetitive experiment with head extracts of both strains separately prepared with three replications. In the incubation of AChE with 100 M of dichlorvos on native gel, the AChE from R strain was apparently insensitive to the inhibitor in contrast to the fully inhibited AChE from S strain.