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Park, Sujin,Yang, Kyung-Min,Park, Yuna,Hong, Eunji,Hong, Chang Pyo,Park, Jinah,Pang, Kyoungwha,Lee, Jihee,Park, Bora,Lee, Siyoung,An, Haein,Kwak, Mi-Kyung,Kim, Junil,Kang, Jin Muk,Kim, Pyunggang,Xiao, Korean Society of Cancer Prevention 2018 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.23 No.1
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Smad3 linker phosphorylation plays essential roles in tumor progression and metastasis. We have previously reported that the mutation of Smad3 linker phosphorylation sites (Smad3-Erk/Pro-directed kinase site mutant constructs [EPSM]) markedly reduced the tumor progression while increasing the lung metastasis in breast cancer.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We performed high-throughput RNA-Sequencing of the human prostate cancer cell lines infected with adenoviral Smad3-EPSM to identify the genes regulated by Smad3-EPSM.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>In this study, we identified genes which are differentially regulated in the presence of Smad3-EPSM. We first confirmed that Smad3-EPSM strongly enhanced a capability of cell motility and invasiveness as well as the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker genes, <I>CDH2</I>, <I>SNAI1</I>, and <I>ZEB1</I> in response to TGF-β1 in human pancreatic and prostate cancer cell lines. We identified <I>GADD45B</I>, <I>CTGF</I>, and <I>JUNB</I> genes in the expression profiles associated with cell motility and invasiveness induced by the Smad3-EPSM.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>These results suggested that inhibition of Smad3 linker phosphorylation may enhance cell motility and invasiveness by inducing expression of <I>GADD45B</I>, <I>CTGF</I>, and <I>JUNB</I> genes in various cancers.</P>
The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Dendronephthya gigantea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Nephtheidae)
Eunji Park,Boa Kim,Yong-Jin Won 한국동물분류학회 2010 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.26 No.3
We sequenced the whole mitochondrial genome of Dendronephthya gigantea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Nephteidae), the first mitochondrial genome sequence report in the Family Nephtheidae. The mitochondrial genome of D. gigantea was 18,842 bp in length, and contained 14 protein coding genes (atp6 and 8, cox1-3, cytb, nd1- 6 and 4L, and msh1), two ribosomal RNAs, and only one transfer RNA. The gene content and gene order is identical to other octocorals sequenced to date. The portion of the noncoding regions is slightly larger than the other octocorals (5.08% compared to average 3.98%). We expect that the information of gene content, gene order, codon usage, noncoding region and protein coding gene sequence could be used in the further analysis of anthozoan phylogeny.
Anti-inflammatory effect of torilidis fructus ethanol extract through inhibition of Src
Park, Gyubyung,Kim, Eunji,Son, Young-Jin,Yoon, Deok Hyo,Sung, Gi-Ho,Aravinthan, Adithan,Park, Yung Chul,Kim, Jong-Hoon,Cho, Jae Youl SWETS AND ZEITLINGER 2017 PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY Vol.55 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Context:</B> Torilidis fructus, fruits of <I>Torilis japonica</I> Decadolle (Umbelliferae), is a medicinal herb traditionally used as a pesticide, an astrictive, or a medicine for various inflammatory diseases.</P><P><B>Objectives:</B> Due to the lack of pharmacological studies on this herbal medicine, we explored the inhibitory activity of torilidis fructus on the macrophage-mediated inflammatory response using its ethanol extract (Tf-EE).</P><P><B>Material and methods:</B> The Griess assay and prostaglandin (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>) ELISA assay were conducted with Tf-EE (0-75 µg/mL) and LPS (1 µg/mL) treated RAW264.7 cells in cultured media. Tf-EE pretreated RAW264.7 cells were incubated with LPS for 6 h and semi-quantitative PCR was performed. Reporter gene assays, overexpression of target enzymes and immunoblotting were performed on macrophages to determine the molecular targets of Tf-EE.</P><P><B>Results:</B> Tf-EE markedly suppressed the inflammatory response of macrophages, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) and PGE<SUB>2</SUB> production with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 35.66 and 62.47 µg/mL, respectively. It was also found that Tf-EE reduced the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 by 80%. Nuclear translocation and activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB (p65 and p50) were declined by 60% and 30% respectively, and their regulatory events including the phosphorylation of AKT, IκBα, Src, and the formation of complexes between Src and p-p85 were also recognized to be diminished.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B> The signalling events managed by Src and p85 complex seemed to be critically involved in Tf-EE-mediated anti-inflammatory response. This might suggest that Tf-EE exhibited anti-inflammatory effects through Src-targeted inhibition of NF-κB.</P>
Park, Daehun,Na, Myeongsu,Kim, Jung Ah,Lee, Unghwi,Cho, Eunji,Jang, Mirye,Chang, Sunghoe AAAS 2017 Science signaling Vol.10 No.487
<P><B>Amyloid-β and intersynaptic trafficking</B></P><P>Synaptic loss and dysfunction as well as neuronal accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) are classic features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Synaptic components are transported along axons in actin- and synapsin-associated vesicles to adjust synaptic strength in response to activity and to promote the formation of new synapses. Using hippocampal neurons isolated from rats and mouse models of AD, Park <I>et al</I>. found that a soluble form of Aβ impedes Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> clearance from neurons, which led to activation of the kinase CaMKIV. CaMKIV-mediated phosphorylation of synapsin caused its dissociation from synaptic vesicles and actin, thereby impairing vesicular transport. Targeting this pathway might suppress the pathological effects of Aβ in patients with AD.</P><P>The prefibrillar form of soluble amyloid-β (sAβ<SUB>1–42</SUB>) impairs synaptic function and is associated with the early phase of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We investigated how sAβ<SUB>1–42</SUB> led to presynaptic defects using a quantum dot–based, single particle–tracking method to monitor synaptic vesicle (SV) trafficking along axons. We found that sAβ<SUB>1–42</SUB> prevented new synapse formation induced by chemical long-term potentiation (cLTP). In cultured rat hippocampal neurons, nanomolar amounts of sAβ<SUB>1–42</SUB> impaired Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> clearance from presynaptic terminals and increased the basal Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> concentration. This caused an increase in the phosphorylation of Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV) and its substrate synapsin, which markedly inhibited SV trafficking along axons between synapses. Neurons derived from a transgenic AD mouse model had similar defects, which were prevented by an inhibitor of CaMK kinase (CaMKK; which activates CaMKIV), by antibodies against Aβ<SUB>1–42</SUB>, or by expression a phosphodeficient synapsin mutant. The CaMKK inhibitor also abolished the defects in activity-dependent synaptogenesis caused by sAβ<SUB>1–42</SUB>. Our results suggest that by disrupting SV reallocation between synapses, sAβ<SUB>1–42</SUB> prevents neurons from forming new synapses or adjusting strength and activity among neighboring synapses. Targeting this mechanism might prevent synaptic dysfunction in AD patients.</P>
Park, Ki-Min,Lee, Eunji,Park, Chul Soon,Lee, Shim Sung American Chemical Society 2011 Inorganic Chemistry Vol.50 No.23
<P>Two calix[4]arene tetracarboxylates, [calix[4]arene tetraacetate (K<SUB>4</SUB>CTA) and calix[4]arene tetrabenzoate (K<SUB>4</SUB>CTB)] as their potassium salts, have been prepared. Employing these as precursors, two Ag(I) coordination polymers incorporating calix[4]arene units have been successfully prepared and their X-ray crystal structures have been determined. In these, the CTA and CTB derivatives are linearly bound to two and four silver atoms, respectively, to generate unusual tubular nanostructures. A comparative NMR study was undertaken to investigate the nature of the metal ion blocking of the tube as observed in the CTA-derived structure. The thermal properties for both coordination polymers were also examined.</P><P>Assembly of calix[4]arene tetraacetate with silver(I) afforded a two-metal-mediated tube-type coordination polymer, but its interior is blocked by Ag<SUP>+</SUP> ions. By replacing the ligand with calix[4]arene tetrabenzoate, a four-metal-mediated coordination polymer with a perforated tubular structure was isolated.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/inocaj/2011/inocaj.2011.50.issue-23/ic201622p/production/images/medium/ic-2011-01622p_0001.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic201622p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>