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Avinash Parashar,Divya Singh,Pankaj Sharma,Sahil Jindal,Prince Kumar,Avinash Parashar 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.1
In this article, molecular dynamics based simulations were carried out to study the fracture toughness of single crystals of niobium (Nb) and zirconium (Zr). Separate set of simulations were performed with different orientations of crack plane in Nb and Zr. In each case, efforts were made to align the crack front with principal planes of corresponding crystal structure, that was bcc for Nb and hcp for Zr. Deformation in single crystal of Nb and Zr was governed either by twinning or emergence of dislocations from the crack tip and surfaces. The deformation mechanism in single crystal of Nb and Zr also helps in governing the overall toughness of the material, while deforming via twinning leads to higher change in the crack length, whereas dislocations emerging from the crack tip blunts the opening and improves the toughness.
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Charanjit Singh Dhillon,Mithun Shriniwas Jakkan,Rishi Dwivedi,Narendra Reddy Medagam,Pankaj Jindal,Shrikant Ega 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.3
Study Design: Retrospective study. Purpose: To evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes of unstable subaxial cervical spine injuries managed by both posterior tension band column stabilization and anterior decompression, stabilization, and fusion. Overview of Literature: Unstable subaxial cervical spine injuries often involve disruption of the anterior column and posterior tension band osteoligamentous complex. Such injuries need immediate surgical intervention. Different methods of reduction and surgical approaches have been published in the literature, with lack of consensus on a uniform or standardized method. Controversy still exists regarding stabilization of unstable cervical fractures by anterior or posterior approach alone or combined approaches. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 24 patients with post-traumatic unstable subaxial cervical spine injuries with their preoperative clinical details, X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine for fracture classification based on the mechanism of injury with status of disc herniation and posterior tension band disruption. All patients were managed by immediate reduction, posterior and anterior stabilization, and fusion in a single session of anesthesia. Data of all patients were analyzed with respect to pre- and postoperative neurological status based on American Spinal Injury Association grading, Visual Analog Scale score, the observation of bony fusion, and implant failure at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Data were analyzed using paired t -test. Results: All patients had solid fusion at the desired level with considerable neurological improvement at the 1-year follow-up. Conclusions: In unstable cervical injuries, stabilization of disrupted posterior tension band increases the stability of anterior plating and fusion. This method of immediate reduction and circumferential stabilization is rapid, safe, and effective and has a low rate of complications.
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